Objective To explore the impact factors for post-thaw embryo survival rate and clinical pregnancy rate in frozen-thawed embryo transfer program. Methods The clinical data of 573 cycles of frozen-thawed embryo transfers were retrospectively analysed. Groups were divided according to the pre-freeze embryo quality, pre-freeze embryonic developmental stage, frozen-thawed embryo quality and cryopreservation technique, respectively, and post-thaw embryo survival rates and/or clinical pregnancy rates were compared among groups. Results The clinical pregnancy rate of high quality pre-freeze embryo was significantly higher than that of low quality pre-freeze embryo (31.8% vs 20.0%) (P< 0.05). There was no significant difference in the post-thaw survival rates and clinical pregnancy rates between embryos frozen at day 2 of ferrtilization and those frozen at day 3 of ferrtilization(79. 1% vs 82.9% and 25.5% vs 31.2%, respectively) (P>0.05). The clinical pregnancy rates of the transfer cycles only with fully intact embryos and with mixed embryos were significantly higher than that only with partially damaged embryos(36.7% vs 24.1% and 29.2% vs 24.1%, respectively)(P<0.05). The post-thaw survival rate and post-thaw high-quality embryo rate were significantly higher in those processed with modified cryopreservation technique than in those processed with original cryopreservation technique (82.0% vs 66.3% and 50.0% vs 27.5%, respectively)(P<0.05). Conclusion Pre-freeze embryo quality, post-thaw embryo survival rate and post-thaw embryo quality have a positive correlation to subsequent clinical pregnancy rate. Favorable cryopreservation technique may ensure the success of post-thaw embryo recovery and transfer.

OBJECTIVETo compare the results of detecting HIV-1 load by using NucliSens HIV-1 QT and Amplicor HIV-1 monitor 1.5 assays.

METHODSEighty-two clinical samples were collected and HIV viral load was determined with the above-mentioned two methods.

RESULTSThe number of samples in which values obtained by NucliSens HIV-1 QT and Amplicor HIV-1 monitor 1.5 differed by <0.5 log10 RNA copies/ml and in which the viral load was undetectable accounted for 88.9 percent of the measures. The correlation coefficient between the two methods was 0.956 in 56 samples of Deltalog10 VL<0.5.

CONCLUSIONThe results of HIV-1 viral load determination with the two methods are highly comparable.

HIV Infections ; virology ; HIV-1 ; genetics ; isolation & purification ; Humans ; Nucleic Acid Amplification Techniques ; instrumentation ; methods ; RNA, Viral ; genetics ; Viral Load

The quality of Chinese medicinal materials relates greatly to the clinical curative effect and security. In order to ensure the quality and safety of Chinese medicinal materials, a systematic and operable traceability system needs to be established. It can realize the whole process of quality and safety management of Chinese medicinal materials "from production to consumption" through recording and inquiring information and recalling defective products, which is an important direction for the future development of traditional Chinese medicine. But it is still at the exploration and trial stage. In this paper, a framework of Chinese medicinal materials' quality and safety traceability system was established on the basis of the domestic and international experience about the construction of food and agricultural products traceability systems. The relationship between traceability system of Chinese medicinal materials' quality and GAP, GMP, GSP was analyzed, and the possible problems and the corresponding solutions were discussed.
China ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; standards ; Humans ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; standards ; Quality Control

To investigate the relaxation effect and underlying mechanism of U50,488H (a selective kappa-opioid receptor agonist) on aorta in the rat, isolated aortic ring was perfused and the tension of the vessel was measured. It was shown: (1) kappa-opioid receptor stimulation with U50,488H relaxed rat aorta dose-dependently; (2) the relaxation effect of U50,488H on aorta was partially endothelium-dependent; (3) the relaxation effect of U50,488H was significantly attenuated in the presence of glybenclamide and glipizide, two ATP-sensitive K(+) channel (K(ATP)) blockers; and (4) the relaxation effect of U50,488H on vessel bore no relationship to muscarinic-receptor, beta-adrenoceptor, prostaglandin and nitric oxide (NO). These results indicate that kappa-opioid receptor stimulation with U50,488H relaxes the aortic artery at least partially via K(ATP) channel in the rat.
3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer ; pharmacology ; Animals ; Aorta ; physiology ; In Vitro Techniques ; KATP Channels ; metabolism ; Male ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Receptors, Opioid, kappa ; agonists ; physiology ; Vasodilation ; physiology

To explore anti-tumor active components of Chimonanthus salicifolius, the phytochemistry of the chloroform fraction from leaves extract was investigated by repeated silica gel column chromatography. Twelve compounds were isolated and their structures were identified by physicochemical properties and spectroscopic data analysis as 9-epi-blumenol C(1), blumenol C(2), (+)-dehydrovomifoliol (3), (+)-vomifoliol (4), robinlin (5), (-)-loliolide (6), isofraxidin (7), scopoletin (8), 6,7-dimethoxycoumarin (9), 6, 7, 8-trimethoxycoumarin (10), beta-sitostenone (11), and beta-stigmasterol(12). Compounds 1-6 belonging to nor-sesquiterpenoids were isolated from the family Calycanthaceae for the first time. Compound 1 was a new natural product. Compounds 7, 11 and 12 were obtained from this plant for the first time.
Antineoplastic Agents ; analysis ; isolation & purification ; Calycanthaceae ; chemistry ; Chloroform ; chemistry ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; analysis ; isolation & purification ; Plant Leaves ; chemistry

OBJECTIVETo compare clinical curative effects of open surgery (OS) or endovascular repair (EVAR) for patients with abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) in China.

DATA SOURCESWe performed a comprehensive search of both English and Chinese literatures involving case studies on retrograde OS or EVAR of AAA in China from January 1976 to December 2010.

STUDY SELECTIONAccording to the inclusion criteria, 76 articles were finally analyzed to compare patient characteristics, clinical success, complications, and prognosis.

RESULTSWe analyzed a total of 2862 patients with 1757 undergoing OS (OS group) and 1105 undergoing EVAR (EVAR group). There was no significant difference in the success rate of the procedures. Operative time, length of ICU stay, fasting time, duration of total postoperative stay, blood loss, and blood transfusion requirements during the procedure were significantly lower in the EVAR group. A 30-day follow up revealed more cardiac, renal, pulmonary, and visceral complications in the OS group (P < 0.01). Low-limb ischemia, however, was more common in the EVAR group (P < 0.05). The 30-day mortality rate, including aorta-related and non-aorta related mortality, was significantly lower in the EVAR group (P < 0.01). In the follow-up period, there were more patients with occlusions of artificial vessel and late endoleak in the EVAR group (P < 0.01). The overall late mortality rate was higher in the OS group (P < 0.01), especially non-aorta-related late mortality and mortality during the fourth to the sixth year (P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONSEVAR was safer and less invasive for AAA patients. Patients suffered fewer complications and recovered sooner. However, complications such as artificial vessel occlusion, low-limb ischemia, and endoleak were common in EVAR. Clinicians should carry out further research to solve these complications and improve the efficacy of EVAR.

Aged ; Aortic Aneurysm, Abdominal ; surgery ; China ; Endovascular Procedures ; adverse effects ; methods ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Postoperative Complications ; Treatment Outcome

OBJECTIVETo assess the outcome of phacoemulsification-intraocular lens (IOL) implantation combined with viscocanalostomy (P-C group), compared with that of phacoemulsification-IOL implantation combined with trabeculectomy (P-T group).

METHODSCombined phacoemulsification with corneal incision, foldable intraocular lens implantation and viscocanalostomy was performed in 21 eyes of 19 cataract patients with primary open-angle glaucoma. All patients were followed up for 3 - 6 months.

RESULTIntraocular pressure (IOP) was significantly lower in both P-C group and P-T group (P=0.000). There was no statistically significant difference between two groups. Visual outcome was similar in both groups. Complications of P-C group included Descemet's membrane puncture in 2 eyes, Schlemm's tube puncture in 2 eyes and IOP spikes in 3 eyes (at 24 hours postoperatively). The P-C group experienced significantly less inflammation than the P-T group.

CONCLUSIONPhacoemulsification-IOL implantation combined with viscocanalostomy is a safe and effective surgery, with lower complicatin rate and easier ambulatory care.

Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Female ; Filtering Surgery ; methods ; Glaucoma, Open-Angle ; surgery ; Humans ; Intraocular Pressure ; Lens Implantation, Intraocular ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Phacoemulsification ; Postoperative Complications ; etiology ; Visual Acuity

To identify the pathogen of acute hemorrhagic conjunctivitis (AHC) in Shandong Province in 2010, eye mucous swab samples were collected from 26 patients in Qingdao and Linyi City. Real time-PCR assays for EV70, CVA24 and Adenovirus were performed on these samples. The result showed 17 samples (65.39%) were CVA24 positive while all the samples for HEV70 and Adenovirus detection were negative, which implied that CVA24 was the causative pathogen of this outbreak. A total of 10 virus strains isolated on Hep-2 cells were identified as CVA24 through VP1 amplification and nucleotide sequence analysis. The nucleotide and amino acid homologies on VP1 region among these isolates were 99.3%-100.0% and 99.5%-100.0%, respectively, and the strains aggregated together to one clade in phylogenetic tree. These results showed that the CVA24 circulating in Qingdao and Linyi City belonged to one transmission chain. Shandong CVA24s segregated into 5 different clades, and great nucleotide divergence was observed be tween AHC isolates and others.
Amino Acid Sequence ; China ; epidemiology ; Conjunctivitis, Acute Hemorrhagic ; epidemiology ; virology ; Enterovirus C, Human ; chemistry ; classification ; genetics ; isolation & purification ; Genetic Variation ; Humans ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Phylogeny ; Sequence Homology, Amino Acid ; Viral Proteins ; chemistry ; genetics

To investigate the epidemiology of hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD) and the genetic characteristics of enterovirus A71 (EV-A71) in Linyi of Shandong Province, China during 2007-2012. The number of reported HFMD cases were obtained from the National Notifiable Disease Reporting System (NNDRS) were analyzed by descriptive epidemiology method; the VP1 region of EV-A71 isolated from HFMD patients in Linyi was amplified and sequenced. Finally, the genetic variability and phylogenecity of VP1 sequences of EV-A71 were analyzed by MEGA 5.0. The results showed that HFMD incidence was reported in each year from 2007 to 2012 in Linyi, and the highest incidence and mortality were reported in 2009, when there were total 14697 cases and 9 of death. The reported incidence was 140.28/100000, and the mortality was 0.086/100000. The peak incidence usually occurred between April and July, and the summit occurred in May. Scattered children accounted for 77.37%-92.00% of all cases. The peak age was 2.5 years during 2007-2009 and 1.5 years during 2010-2012. A total of 1365 laboratory-confirmed HFMD cases were reported in the 6 consecutive years, accounting for 2.98% of the gross number. Among these reports, the ratio of EV-A71 was 44.18%, and the ratio of coxsackievirus A16 (CVA16) was 46.59%. All EV-A71 strains isolated in Linyi during 2007-2012 belonged to the C4a evolutionary branch of C4 genotype. In conclusion, HFMD outbreaks occurred every year in Linyi during 2007-2012. Incidence varied significantly among different counties. The peak incidence in each year lasted from April to July. Most of the patients were children under 3 years of age, and scattered children took the highest proportion. Co-circulation of EV-A71 and CVA16 was the major cause of HFMD in each year. Since the first report of HFMD prevalence caused by EV-A71 (C4a) in 2007, the virus has been prevalent continuously in Linyi for 6 years.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; China ; epidemiology ; Enterovirus ; classification ; genetics ; isolation & purification ; Female ; Hand, Foot and Mouth Disease ; epidemiology ; virology ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Phylogeny ; Young Adult