Objective To explore the correlation between gratitude and turnover intention of nursing staff.Methods A total of 660 clinical nurses from three general hospitals in Hangzhou city were subject to questionnaire survey for the correlation.Results The multidimensional gratitude totaled 128.33±32.67,at a medium or low level; their turnover intention totaled 14.59 ± 2.26,at a medium level.The multiple factor variance analysis showed statistically significant negative correlations between the three dimensions of gratitude(a sense of rich,simple thanks,and thanks to others)and turnover intention.Conclusion Related departments are recommended to pay close attention to nurses' gratitude and carry out gratitude education,so as to decrease their turnover intention,and keep the career stability of nurses.

Objective To evaluate the effects of connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) on corneal neovascularization.Methods Twenty-five Wistar rats were divided into control and experimental groups.Corneal neovascularization (CNV) was induced by alkaline burn of the cornea with 1 mmol/L NaOH.On the 1st,4th,7th,and 14th day,CNV was observed,and the expression of CTGF was investigated with immunohistochemical method in rat cornea at the different time point.Results On the 4th day,7th day and 14th day after alkaline burn,the areas of CNV were (12.740 ±2.536) mm2,(26.068 ± 10.028) mm2,and (37.588 ± 8.066) mm2,respectively.CTGF was rarely expressed in the cornea of normal rats,and then CTFG expression was quickly increased after alkaline burn,reached the highest level on the 4th day (1.714 ± 0.185),and then declined remarkably on the 7th day (1.334 ± 0.198).Conclusions CTGF might be involved in the formation process of corneal neovascularization after corneal alkali burn.

Objective:To evaluate the effect of semiconductor lasers irradiation after routine root canal preparation on root cannal seal.Methods:60 Single-rooted freshly extracted human teeth were randomly divided into 6 groups(n=10).The crowns were removed at the cementoenamel junction and the roots were endodontically prepared with conventional methods.The roots in groups A and B were irradiated with 1 W semiconductor laser for 20 s,in group C and D were ultrasonically washed for 1 min,in group E and F without any treatment were used as the controls.Then all the roots were filled by vertical condensation of warm gutta-percha.The root cannal seal was evaluated with microleakage measurement.The data was analyzed by ANOVA.The teeth of group B,D and F were sectioned and examined under scanning electron microscope(SEM).Results:The microleakage(mm) of group A,C and E was 1.70±0.82,2.02±0.40 and 4.56±2.72 respectively(A vs E,P<0.01;C vs E,P<0.05;A vs C,P>0.05).SEM observation showed the melting,narrowness or closure of most dentinal tubules in group B,past and/or gutta-percha in the most dentinal tubules of group D.Conclusion:Semiconductor laser irradiation prior to root cannal filling can promote the effects of cannal seal.

Objective : To examine the causal relationship between ulcerative colitis (UC) and pancreatitis, to provide basis for early screening of pancreatitis among UC patients. Methods: Genomic data of UC were obtained from 47 745 European individuals pooled by the International Inflammatory Bowel Disease Genetics Consortium, including 156 116 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP), and genomic data of pancreatitis were obtained from 198 166 European individuals pooled from FinnGen, including 16 380 428 SNPs. Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis was performed using the inverse variance weighted (IVW) method with 72 UC-associated SNPs as instrumental variables and pancreatitis as the study outcome. The heterogeneity was assessed using Cochran Q test, the horizontal pleiotropy was assessed using MR-Egger regression, MR-PRESSO was performed with the exclusion of outliers, and effect of individual SNP on the results was tested with the leave-one-out method. Results: MR analysis results showed that patients with genetically predicted UC had an increased risk of pancreatitis relative to those without UC (OR=1.076, 95%CI: 1.019-1.136, P<0.05). Cochran Q test showed no heterogeneity (P>0.05), and MR-Egger regression did not reveal horizontal pleiotropy of instrumental variables (P>0.05). The MR analysis results were robust after removing SNP one by one. Conclusions Genetically predicted UC is associated with an increased risk of pancreatitis. The screening for pancreatitis risk should be enhanced in patients with UC.

Objective:To investigate the current situation of perioperative fasting management in patients with orthopaedic trauma waiting for elective surgery (those combined with diabetes mellitus included) and the surgeons' awareness in China.Methods:From November 1st to December 31st, 2021, the questionnaire forms were distributed through WeChat in the exchange group of National Enhanced Recovery Surgery (ERAS) and the exchange group of national training orthopaedists in Beijing Jishuitan Hospital. The survey contents included: time for preoperative water deprivation and for postoperative recovery of drinking in patients without diabetes mellitus, the rationales for orthopaedists to choose perioperative dietary management, the orthopaedists＇understanding of the existing guidelines, time for preoperative water deprivation and postoperative recovery of drinking and diabetes-related issues in patients with diabetes mellitus, and the time for postoperative recovery in all the patients (For the postoperative recovery of eating, there is no difference between patients with and without diabetes mellitus). The relationships were analyzed between some professional data of the orthopaedists and their rationales for choice of management strategies and their understanding of the guidelines.Results:A total of 565 valid questionnaires were collected. 12.92% (73/565) of orthopaedists required their patients without diabetes mellitus not to drink for at least 2 hours. In fact, the proportion of water prohibition from 0 o'clock on the day of operation was still the highest [24.07% (136/565)]. Respectively, 22.83% (129/565) and 42.12% (238/565) of the orthopaedists chose "water intake is allowed once awakened" and "water intake after at least 6 hours after operation" for their patients without diabetes mellitus. 33.98% (192/565) of the orthopaedists required all the patients fasted for at least 6 hours before surgery, and 44.25% (250/565) of the orthopaedists chose "eating can be resumed if there is no discomfort for 2 hours after water intake" .21.06% (119/565) of the orthopaedists demonstrated that they were quite familiar with the guidelines and carried out perioperative dietary management according to the guidelines. The management of water deprivation was more inconsistent for patients with diabetes mellitus, and more hospitals followed the traditional principles for water deprivation. The proportions of water deprivation starting at 0 o'clock on the day of operation, 8 hours before operation, 6 hours before operation and 4 hours before operation accounted respectively for 22.83% (129/565), 19.12% (108/565), 21.95% (124/565), and 18.94%% (107/565). The level of an orthopaedist's hospital and the professional rank of an orthopaedist were the factors related to the orthopaedist's understanding of the guidelines ( P<0.05). Conclusions:The current perioperative dietary management guidelines are not widely implemented or well known in Chinese faculties of orthopaedic trauma. The process of perioperative dietary management needs to be optimized for the patients combined with diabetes mellitus.

Objective:To evaluate the effectiveness of perioperative fasting abbreviation in traumatic patients with orthopaedic trauma and diabetes mellitus undergoing selective surgery.Methods:The patients were selected for this prospective nonrandomized controlled study who had undergone selective surgery from June 2019 to June 2021 at Department of Orthopaedic Trauma, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital. They were divided into an intervention group and a control group according to the wards where they stayed. The intervention group was fasted for solids from 0 o'clock on the surgery day and received oral solution with 6.25% maltodextrin which had been prepared by the nutritional department 3 hours prior to surgery. The control group was fasted for either liquids or solids from the midnight before surgery. All patients were evaluated according to the wake-up score and defensive reflex score after surgery. Once they were awakened, they were allowed slag-free drinks. Normal food was allowed if there was no discomfort after 2 hours. The 2 groups were compared in terms of basic information, actual preoperative fasting time, total amount of preoperative drinking, and postoperative time for initial drinking and eating. The perioperative subjective feelings (anxiety, thirst, hunger, nausea, fatigue, dizziness, sweating, stomach discomfort, etc.), grip strength and blood glucose were observed and compared between the 2 groups. Adverse reactions in the 2 groups were also observed.Results:A total of 135 patients were included, including 52 in the intervention group and 83 in the control group. The intervention group consisted of 22 males and 30 females aged from 30 to 84 years; the control group consisted of 39 males and 44 females aged from 29 to 81 years. There was no significant difference in the basic information between the 2 groups, showing comparability ( P>0.05). The intervention group had significantly shorter preoperative fasting time [3.5 (2.5, 6.3) h versus 12.0 (9.0, 16.0) h], significantly higher water intake before surgery [300 (200, 300) mL versus 100 (100, 200) mL], significantly shorter postoperative fasting time [0.08 (0, 1.25) h versus 2.00(0, 6.00) h], and significantly reduced time to return to normal diet [2.0 (2.0, 2.3) h versus 3.0(2.0, 6.0) h] than the control group (all P<0.05). The symptoms of anxiety, fatigue, sweating, and stomach discomfort in the intervention group were significantly fewer than those in the control group throughout the evaluation period. The thirst in the intervention group was significantly alleviated than that in the control group immediately after returning to the ward after surgery, and the dizziness and hunger were significantly alleviated than those in the control group when the patients left the ward to the operation room before surgery and immediately after returning to the ward. The symptom of nausea after returning to normal diet in the intervention group was significantly relieved compared with the control group. All the comparisons above showed statistically significant differences ( P<0.05). The blood glucose in the intervention group 2 hours after taking slag-free drinks was significantly higher than that in the control group ( Z=-2.108, P=0.035). There was no significant difference in the blood glucose between the 2 groups during other measurement periods ( P>0.05). There were no serious adverse reactions in either of the 2 groups. Conclusion:The protocol of perioperative fasting abbreviation may be safe and feasible for the patients with orthopaedic trauma and diabetes mellitus undergoing selective surgery, because it shows benefits of improving the patients' subjective feelings and stabilizing the blood glucose perioperatively.

OBJECTIVESTo investigate the role of glycyrrhizin on TGFbeta1 stimulated signaling transduction in rat hepatic stellate cells (HSCs).

METHODSThe mice HSCs were isolated and cultured with or without glycyrrhizin (1 micromol/L-1000 micromol/L) in vitro after TGFbeta1 stimulation. The mRNA level of Smad2, 3, 7 were measured with RT-PCR; protein expression level of Smad2, 3, 7 and collagen I, III were analyzed with Western blot.

RESULTSTGFbeta1 increased the mRNA level and protein expression of Smad2, 3, 7 in HSC; it also increased protein expression of collagen I and III. 1 micromol/L-1000 micromol/L glycyrrhizin decreased the mRNA level and protein expression of Smad2, 3, 7; it also inhibited protein expression of collagen I and III gradually.

CONCLUSIONInterventing the TGFbeta signaling pathway and decreasing the synthesis of collagen, might be involved in the anti-fibrosis mechanism of glycyrrhizin.

Animals ; Glycyrrhizic Acid ; pharmacology ; Hepatocytes ; metabolism ; Male ; Rats ; Signal Transduction ; Smad Proteins ; metabolism ; Transforming Growth Factor beta ; pharmacology

Conventional diagnosis and treatment for facial prostheses have setbacks and limitations, including complicated procedure, inefficiency, low accuracy and poor esthetics, which could not meet the demand for high quality of the prostheses of the patients. With the technology of the computer aided design and computer aided manufacture (CAD/CAM), the new era for diagnosis and treatment for facial prostheses has been started since the 1990's. The digital diagnosis and treatment system for facial prostheses has been formed during these ten years, which including the digital data acquisition of the facial defect, CAD for facial prostheses, rapid fabrication of the prostheses. This new system will be the development direction and mainstream technology in the future.
Computer-Aided Design ; Face ; Humans ; Prostheses and Implants ; Prosthesis Design

OBJECTIVETo explore the effects of Triptolide (TP) on TNFalpha-induced cell proliferation and expressions of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and their inducing products PGE2, NO in human rheumatoid arthritis synovial fibroblasts (RASF).

METHODSFibroblasts (RASF) were obtained from synovial tissue of patients with RA and were cultured in vitro. RASF were stimulated with TNFalpha(20 microg/L) in the presence or absence of TP(0 - 100 microg/L) for 20 h. The RASF proliferation was determined by (3)H-TdR incorporation, and the productions of PGE2 and NO in culture supernatants of RASF were detected with competitive ELISA and enzyme reduction of nitrate. Expressions of COX-2 and iNOS mRNA in RASF were analyzed by semi-quantitative RT-PCR. Expressions of COX-2 and iNOS protein were estimated by Western-blot method and cellular enzyme immunoassay in synovial fibroblasts. NF-kappaB activity in whole-cell extract of RASF was also measured by an ELISA-based method.

RESULTSTP (>20 microg/L) down-regulated markedly TNFalpha-induced COX-2 and iNOS mRNA and protein expression, and their inducing products PGE2 and NO of synovial fibroblasts. This effect was positively correlated with TP concentrations. NF-kappaB activity in TNFalpha-stimulated synovial cells was suppressed profoundly by TP treatment (IC(50) approximately 35microg/L). The activity of NF-kappaB was correlated with the levels of COX-2 and iNOS expression in TNFalpha-stimulated RASF. No change was observed in proliferation of synovial cells after treatment of TP.

CONCLUSIONTP could significantly down-regulate TNFalpha-induced COX-2, iNOS expression and production of PGE2, NO in human RASF, which is associated with the suppression of NF-kappaB activity.

Arthritis, Rheumatoid ; drug therapy ; metabolism ; Cyclooxygenase 2 ; Diterpenes ; pharmacology ; Epoxy Compounds ; Fibroblasts ; metabolism ; Gene Expression Regulation ; drug effects ; Humans ; Isoenzymes ; analysis ; genetics ; Membrane Proteins ; NF-kappa B ; metabolism ; Nitric Oxide Synthase ; analysis ; genetics ; Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II ; Phenanthrenes ; pharmacology ; Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthases ; analysis ; genetics ; RNA, Messenger ; analysis ; Synovial Membrane ; cytology ; metabolism ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ; pharmacology

Molecular mechanisms whereby H2S influences its targets have been of intriguing interest. In this work, L-lactic dehydrogenase ( L-LDH) was used as the protein target, and three kinds of H2S-donor reagents ( NaHS, Na2S, and polysulfide) were chosen. The interactions of these H2S-donor reagents with L-LDH were disclosed by molecular fluorescent assays for real-time monitoring of L-LDH activity. The results of the SDS-PAGE showed that H2S might not interact with L-LDH to form disulfide/trisulfide bonding. Circular dichroism spectra assays revealed that H2S reagents could be likely to react with cysteine thiols to yield sulfurated thiol (-SSH) derivatives in L-LDH, and sulfur-containing PS ( polysulfide) was a stronger protein S-sulfurating agent than the other two sulfides. Matrix assisted laser desorptionionization time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry ( MALDI-TOF-MS/MS) study showed partial S-sulfuration of the active cysteine sites existed in L-LDH. In conclusion, H2S exerts its biological effects as a gasotransmitter through its reactions with cysteine thiols in proteins by S-sulfuration.