Neurofibromatosis type 2 (NF2) is a dominantly inherited genetic condition. Bilateral vestibular schwannoma, which are benign tumors, composed of neoplastic Schwann cells that arise from the eighth cranial nerve, are the hallmark of NF2. Standard approaches for treatment of growing vestibular schwannoma include observation, surgical removal and radiation therapy. Molecular targeted therapies also present great prosperity in recent years. In this review, we summarize the latest progresses on the treatment of NF2-associated vestibular schwannoma.
Humans ; Molecular Targeted Therapy ; Neurofibromatosis 2 ; radiotherapy ; surgery ; therapy ; Neuroma, Acoustic ; radiotherapy ; surgery ; therapy

OBJECTIVE To study the sterilization method for on-wall oxygen humidifying inhalation sets in hospital.METHODS The different parts of on-wall oxygen humidifying inhalation sets were sterilized with Jianzhishu disinfectant and Andofo povidone iodine disinfectant liquid.RESULTS The regular percents for bacterial examination of the different parts of oxygen humidifying inhalation sets after sterilization were higher than before,P

OBJECTIVE To study the sterilization effect of on-wall oxygen humidifying inhalation sets.METHODS The different parts on on-wall oxygen humidifying inhalation sets were sterilized,then compared the result before and after sterilization.RESULTS The regular percents for bacterial examination of humidifying bottle were 17.14% before sterilization,and 100.00% after sterilization,the regular percents for bacterial examination of metallic guilloche were 34.29% before sterilization and 94.29% after sterilization,the regular percents for bacterial examination of vent tube in humidifying bottle were 8.57% before sterilization,and 97.14% after sterilization.The regular percents for bacterial examination of the different parts of oxygen humidifying inhalation sets after sterilization were higher than before it P

Through ethical analysis of the conflicts appearing in four special cases in the four steps of assisted reproductive technology implementations, this paper pointed out the measures to solve them in the perspective of le-gal protection, standardized management, ethical supervision, and self-regulation for making the research and ap-plication of assisted reproductive technology serve patients better and promoting the healthy development of assisted reproductive technology.

Objective To compare the rate of blood transfusion and hospitalization duration between the occlusion of ventricular septal defect through transesophageal echocardiography and the repair of ventricular septal defect.Methods A total of 131 consecutive patients were included in the study from July of 2011 to December of 2011,75 patients of them received the occlusion of ventricular septal defect through transesophageal echocardiography,and 56 patients of them received the repair of ventricular septal defect.Results All of 131 patients had discharged without death.The group of receiving the repair of ventricular septal defect presented the higher rate of blood transfusion(x2 =81.83,P ＜ 0.01) and longer hospitalization duration than the other(t =46.57,P ＜ 0.01).Conclusions The group of receiving the occlusion of ventricular septal defect through transesophageal echocardiography had the lower rate of blood transfusion and shorter hospitalization duration.

OBJECTIVE:To establish a method for the content determination of hordenine in Zang medicine Herba Aconiti. METHODS:HPLC was performed on the column of Gemini-NX C18 with mobile phase of acetonitrile-0.25 mol/l Ammonium ace-tate solution(ammonia water to adjust the pH to 9.5,gradient elution,at flow rate of 1 ml/min,the detection wavelength was 230 nm,the column temperature was 30 ℃,and the injection volume was 20 μl.RESULTS:The linear range of hordenine was 3.276-819μg/ml(r=0.999 5);RSDs of precision,stability and reproducibility tests were lower than 2.0%;recovery was 96.21%-104.04%(RSD=1.23%,n=9). CONCLUSIONS:The method is simple,stable and reproducible,and can be used for the content determi-nation of hordenine in Zang medicine Herba Aconiti.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Biopsy, Fine-Needle ; adverse effects ; methods ; Child ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Diagnostic Errors ; Female ; Hematoma ; etiology ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Thyroid Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; pathology ; Thyroid Nodule ; pathology ; Young Adult

Objective To investigate the phenotypes and percentages of B 10 cells in different tis-sues from wild-type mice and to identify their biological functions .Methods The percentages of B10 cells derived from different tissues of mice and their responses to lipopolysaccharide ( LPS) stimulation were ana-lyzed by flow cytometry .Magnetic-activated cell sorting ( MACS ) and fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS) were used to purify B10 cells, CD4+CD25-T cells and Treg cells.CD4+CD25-T cells and Treg cells labeled by CFSE were co-cultured with or without B10 cells, and then their proliferation were evaluated after 72 h.Results (1) A subset of CD19+CD5+CD1dhigh regulatory B cells was identified in spleen , pe-ripheral blood and lymph nodes from wild-type mice , of which the highest frequency was detected in spleen (3.95%±0.79%, P<0.05).The isolated B cells from different tissues were stimulated by LPS , PMA, ionomycin and monensin (L+PIM) in vitro to express IL-10.Among them, splenic CD19+IL-10+B cells showed the highest expression of IL-10 (P<0.05).(2) Prolonged LPS stimulation (48 h) to CD5+CD1dhigh B cells enhanced the expressions of IL-10 (P<0.01).(3) CD19+CD5+CD1dhigh B cells inhibited the prolif-eration of CD4+CD25-T cells in vitro in a dose-dependent manner (P<0.01), but increased the secretion of IL-10 by CD4+T cells (P<0.01) and the proliferation of Treg cells in vitro (P<0.01).Conclusion Com-pared with other tissues , the percentage of B10 cell subset in spleen is the highest in wild-type mouse , and B10 cells subset can be activated through Toll-like receptor ( TLR ) signaling pathway .The responses of CD4+CD25-T cells and Treg cells in co-culture with B10 cells are regulated by B 10 cell subset through an increased IL-10 production .B10 cells might be a useful cell population for the treatment of inflammatory au-toimmune diseases.

Objective To investigate the relationship of Maternal-fetal interface local cytokine GM-CSF and its receptor with the occurrence of early spontaneous abortion. Methods From August 2009 to December 2011,we collected 30 villi tissue samples with artificial abortion and 30 villi tissue samples with spontaneous abortion. At the same time, we collected 30 villi tissue samples with artificial abortion and 30 decidua tissue samples with spontaneous abortion,and 30 decidua tissue samples with spontaneous abortion. The human chorionic gonadotropin ( HCG) was detected by radioimmunoassay in every group. The expressions of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor receptor (GM-CSFR ) were detected by Immunohistochemical staining and Western Blot in the villi tissue and decidua tissue in every group. Results The concentration of HCG in the spontaneous abortion group was lower than that in the artificial abortion group ( <0.05) . The protein expressions of GM-CSF and GM-CSFR were found in villus and deciduas tissues in both groups. The protein expression levels of GM-CSFR in the villus tissues were higher in spontaneous abortion group than those in artificial abortion group ( <0.05), the protein expression of GM-CSF was upregulated, but there was no statistically significant difference between two groups. In deciduas tissues, the protein expressions of GM-CSF and GM-CSFR were upregualted in spontaneous abortion group ( <0.05) . Conclusions The suitable concentrations of GM-CSF and GM-CSFR in decidua tissue maintain the pregnancy continued. However,the higher concentrations of GM-CSF and GM-CSFR in the decidua tissue may be one of reasons of spontaneous abortion.

Objective To study the alterations of CD19+CD5+CD1dhigh B, Th1 and Th17 cells in non-obese diabetic ( NOD) mice and the correlation between B10 cells and type 1 diabetes in NOD mice. Methods Flow cytometry ( FCM) was used to measure the levels of CD19+CD5+CD1dhigh B, CD19+IL-10+B, CD4+IFN-γ+Th1, CD4+IL-17+Th17 and CD4+CD25+Foxp3+T cells in NOD mice ( 4 weeks old NOD mice:group A, n=10;8 weeks old NOD mice:group B, n=10; NOD mice with diabetes: group C, n=10) and age-matched C57BL/6 mice ( control group, n=20 ) .Hematoxylin-eosin staining of pancreatic tissues was performed for histopathological assessment of the development of insulitis in NOD mice.Results (1) Histopathological analysis showed that mice from A, B and C groups respectively showed no insulitis, insulitis and obvious insulitis with no intact islets.(2) The highest levels of B10 cells in NOD mice were ob-served in group B, followed by those in group C and group A (P<0.01).No significant differences with the levels of B10 cells were found among different tissues of 4 weeks old NOD mice (P>0.05).More B10 cells were detected in pancreatic lymph nodes than in other tissues of 8 weeks old NOD mice, the levels of which were also higher than those in pancreatic lymph nodes of mice form group C ( P<0.01) .The highest levels of B10 cells were detected in peripheral lymph nodes among all tissues samples collected from NOD mice with diabetes (P<0.01).(3) The levels of Th1 and Th17 cells in mice from group C were remarkably in-creased as compared with those in mice from group A and B (P<0.01).(4) The percentages of CD4+CD25+Foxp3+T cells in mice from group C showed no differences with those in mice from A and B groups. No significant difference with Treg cells were observed between NOD mice and age-matched C57BL/6 mice (P>0.05).Conclusion The percentages and distribution of B10 cells in NOD mice changed with age and the development of insulitis.The decrease of B10 cells might participate in the development of type 1 diabe-tes in NOD mice.