Objective To investigate the genotypes of aminoglycoside-modifying enzymes (AMEs) produced by Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from Huaibei Miner's General Hospital.Methods Minimum inhibitory concentration of 36 strains of P. aeruginosa to 3 aminoglycoside antibiotics was determined. AME genes were amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Results The P. aeruginosa isolates were resistant to multiple antibiotics. Most (62.2% to 81.1%) were resistant to aminoglycosides. And 27 strain (75.0%) carried one or more types of AME genes, including ant(3″)-Ⅰ (63.9%), aac(6')-Ⅱ (58.3%), aac(6')-Ⅰ (50.0%), aac(3)-Ⅱ (38.9%) and ant(2″)-Ⅰ (36.1%). The aac(3)-Ⅰ, aac(3)-Ⅲ, aac(3)-Ⅳ, aph(3')-Ⅳ genes were not identified.Conclusions The study indicates that the P. aeruginosa isolates in Huaibei are multi-resistant to aminoglycoside antibiotics. The prevalence of AMEs-positive strains is high.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the genes associated with the drug-resistance to ?-lactam antibiotics in Pseudomonas aeruginosa(PAE) isolated from clinical patients in Huaibei,Anhui Province.METHODS Antibiotic sensitivity test was performed by VITEK-AMS.The three-dimensional method was taken to differentiate various beta-lactamases.The ?-lactamases and the outer membrane protein D2(oprD2) genes were detected by polymerase chain reaction(PCR) in 36 PAE strains.RESULTS In 36 PAE strains,the positive rates of genes of TEM,DHA,CTX-Ge and CARB were 77.8%,69.2%,27.8% and 25.0%,respectively,that of the OXA-1,OXA-10,VIM-2 and IMP-1 were 16.7%,16.7%,13.9% and 2.8%,respectively.The rate of lacking oprD2 gene was 58.3%,and none possessed VEB,SHV,GES,PER,GIM and SPM-2 genes.CONCLUSIONS P.aeruginosa carries various beta-lactamase genes in clinical patients of Huaibei,and the deletion ratio of oprD2 gene is higher.

Objective To explore the role of glycogen synthase kinase (GSK)-3β/β-catenin signaling pathway on human immunodeficiency virus 1 (HIV-1) negative factor (Nef) protein promoting of human herpesvirus-8 (HHV-8) viral interleukin-6 (vIL-6)-induced angiogenesis.Methods GSK-3β mutant plasmid GSK-3β-S9A,dominant negative (DN) form GSK-3β-DN and the control vector pcDNA3.1+ were transfected into endothelial cells which stably expressed HHV-8 vIL-6 or HIV-1 Nef,or co-expressed vIL-6 and Nef protein.Microtubule formation assay was performed to explore microtubule formation ability.A chick embryo chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) model was used to detect angiogenesis.The expression of GSK-3β/β-catenin signaling pathway-related kinases in transfected cells and CAM tissue were further detected by Western blot.The measurement data were compared by t test.Results The activity of GSK-3β was decreased and the ability of HIV-1 Nef protein was enhanced by transfection with GSK-3β-DN in promoting vIL-6 induced microtubule formation (3.42 vs 2.51,t =3.67,P＜0.01) and angiogenesis (6.25 vs 3.97,t=4.06,P＜0.01).In contrast,the activity of GSK-3β was significantly increased and these functions of HIV-1 Nef protein mentioned above were inhibited by transfection with GSK-3β-S9A (0.62 vs2.51,t=8.48,P＜0.01; 0.39 vs 3.97,t=8.59,P＜0.01).The results of Western blot showed that with the elevated level of,β-catenin (in cells:3.53 vs 2.07,t=6.60,P＜0.05; in tissues:2.76 vs 1.74,t=17.40,P＜0.01) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF,in cells:2.68 vs 1.87,t=4.28,P＜0.01; in tissues:2.20 vs 1.39,t=7.08,P＜0.01) were increased in the GSK-3β-DN transfected cells or tissues,while the opposite results were achieved in the GSK-3β-S9A-transfected cells (GSK-3β phosphorylation:0.50 vs 1.47,t=7.33,P＜0.01; β-catenin:1.05 vs 2.62,t=29.50,P＜0.01; VEGF:0.74 vs 2.16,t=20.95,P＜0.01) or tissues (GSK-3β phosphorylation:0.35 vs 1.97,t=10.72,P＜0.01; β-catenin:0.79 vs 1.77,t=5.72,P＜0.01; VEGF:0.43 vs 1.65,t=11.89,P＜ 0.01).Conclusion GSK-3β/β-catenin signaling pathway is involved in vIL-6-induced angiogenesis promoted by HIV-1 Nef protein,which would be valuable for the therapy of Kaposi's sarcoma,an acquired immunodeficiency syndrome,as a potential molecular target.

Objective To evaluate the ultrasonic feature and clinical significance of persistent left superior vena cava(PLSVC)in fetal life.Methods Fetal echocardiography was performed in 3368 fetuses.Thirty-one fetuses of PLSVC were confirmed.Results The dilated coronary sinus was observed in 30 of 31 fetuses.Congenital heart defects were presented in 14 of these cases,and extracardiac anomalies were presented in 6 fetuses.Both congenital heart defects and extracardiac anomalies were observed in 4 fetuses.Conclusions PLSVC is always associated with congenital heart defects.The prognosis Of affected fetuses largely depends on whether or not the PLSVC is associated with a congenital heart defect.Prenatal diagnosis of PLSVC can help US plan perinatal counseling and ameliorate the postnatal course.

Participating in the National Oral Medical Skills Competition can push forward the teaching reform and curriculum construction,and promote the standardized development of teaching.According to the changes of competition level,rules and content of the National Oral Medical Skills Competition,the selection and training methods have been reformed.By designing the training programs,quantifying the scoring standards,strengthening the oral physician guidance and strengthening the psychological counseling and other trainings,satisfactory results have been achieved.

Objective To investigate the small-worldness and the betweenness centrality of the nodes in the brain structural networks and its relationship with the course and the central role of the brain regions in the transmission of information across the whole brain in depression.Methods The diffusion tensor imaging data were obtained from 27 depression patients and 33 healthy controls.The brain structural networks were constructed using the complex network theory.Results The brain structural networks had small-world properties in both groups.When compared with the healthy,the betweenness centrality of the nodes of the networks in depression significantly decreased in right superior frontal gyms (orbital part) (P=0.00035,region survived critical FDR threshold for multiple comparisons),and left putamen (P=0.00054,region survived critical FDR threshold for multiple comparisons).Significant negative correlation was found between the betweenness centrality of left hippocampus and the course in the depression(r=0.50,P=0.016).Conclusion Both of the brain structural networks in depression patients and normal people have the property of small-worldness.But the central role of orbit frontal cortex and putamen in the transmission of information across the whole brain is declined,and the betweenness centrality of hippocampus is negatively related with the course in the depression.

Objective To explore the differences of the connectivity strength,the clustering coefficient and the local efficiency of the nodes in the brain structural networks in the depression and healthy subjects and then analyze the mode of the local connections of the brain regions and their local efficiency of the transmission of information and their relationship with the severity of the disease in the depression.Methods The Diffusion Tensor Imaging data were obtained from 24 depression patients and 25 healthy controls.The whole cerebral cortex was parcellated into 90 regions by the anatomical label map.Tractography was performed in the whole cerebral cortex of each subject to reconstruct white matter tracts of the brain using the fiber assignment by continuous tracking (FACT) algorithm.And then the brain structural networks were constructed using the complex network theory.The local topological properties of the brain structural networks of the depression and healthy were examined by two sample t-test.Results The local efficiency of the nodes of the networks in depression decreased significantly (the left middle frontal gyrus (orbital part):0.64±0.30,the left hippocampus:0.57±0.07,the right parahippocampal gyrus:0.50±0.15) compared with the healthy (0.88±0.10,0.64±0.06,0.66±0.13 respectively,P=0.00098,0.00039,0.00017,survived critical FDR threshold for multiple comparisons) ; and the clustering coefficient of the nodes of the networks in depression (the left middle frontal gyrus (orbital part):0.14±0.07) decreased significantly when compared with the healthy (0.22±0.06,P=0.000030,survived critical FDR threshold for multiple comparisons).Significant negative correlation was found between the local efficiency of the left middle frontal gyrus (orbital part) and the total scores of HAMD-17 in the depression (r=-0.48,P=0.02).Conclusion The degree of the localization and the local efficiency of the information transmission of the frontal lobe are decreased.The local efficiency in the information transmission in the hippocampal is also decreased.And the local efficiency of the frontal lobe is negatively related with the severity of the disease in the depression.

Objective To explore the differences of the degree and distribution of hub regions of the brain structural networks between the schizophrenia and healthy and then analysis the importance of brain regions in the information transmission in across the whole brain.Methods The diffusion tensor imaging data were obtained from 22 schizophrenia patients and 24 healthy controls.The whole cerebral cortex was parcellated into 90 regions by the anatonical label map.Tractography was performed in the whole cerebral cortex of each subject to reconstruct white matter tracts of the brain using the fiber assignment by continuous tracking (FACT) algorithm.And then the brain structural binary networks were constructed using the complex network theory.The average degree of the network and the degree of the nodes in the network between the brain structural networks of both groups were examined by two sample t-tests.Results The average degree of the brain structural network in the patient group (7.82±0.56) decreased significantly when compared with the control group (8.17 ±0.56; P=0.04).The degree of the nodes in the brain structural network of the patient group (the left hippocampus:11.41 ± 1.84; the left parahippocampal gyrus:6.41± 1.33 ; the left calcarine fissure:11.50±2.97 ; the left fusiform gyrus:8.27± 1.83) decreased significantly when compared with the control group (14.43±2.26; 8.54±2.15; 14.79±2.80; 10.25± 1.36; all P＜0.01,survived critical FDR threshold for multiple comparisons).And the distribution of the hub regions in the temporal and occipital lobes of the patient group was difference from that of the control group.Conclusion The importance of the hippocampus and the brain regions in the occipital lobe is decrease for the information transmission across the whole brain.The damage of the topological properties of these brain regions maybe related to the disorder of the transmission and integration of information in the brain of the schizophrenia.

Objective To explore the differences of the global efficiency of the brain structural networks between the male paranoid schizophrenia and male healthy and its relationship with the psychotic symptoms of the schizophrenia.Methods The diffusion tensor imaging data were obtained from 27 male paranoid schizophrenia patients and 28 male healthy controls.The whole cerebral cortex was parcellated into 90 regions by the anatomical label map.Tractography was performed in the whole cerebral cortex of each subject to reconstruct white matter tracts of the brain using fiber assignment by continuous tracking(FACT) algorithm.And then the brain structural binary networks were constructed using the complex network theory.The average global efficiency of the brain network and the global efficiency of the nodes of both groups were examined by two sample t-test and its relationship with the psychotic symptoms in the male paranoid schizophrenia was explored by the correlation analysis.Results Compared with control group,the average global efficiency of the brain network of the patients decreased significantly (7.87±0.56,8.17±0.56,P=0.005),and the global efficiency of the nodes in the brain network of the patient decreased significantly in the left superior frontal gyrus (orbital part) (P=0.00025),the left superior parietal gyrus (P=0.00011),the left cuneus (P=0.00012) and the left putamen (P=0.00032),all survived FDR correction.Significant negative correlation was found between the global efficiency of the left putamen and the total scores (r=-0.43,P=0.03),the positive scores (r=-0.41,P=0.03) and the cognitive scores (r=-0.40,P=0.04) of PANSS.Conclusion The decreased global efficiency of the left frontal,parietal and occipital lobes and the subcortical structures lead to the occurrence of schizophrenia.And the reduced efficiency of the subcortical structures is associated with the positive symptoms and the abnormal cognitive function of the patients.

Objective To explore the differences in the strength of the nodes in the brain white matter weighted networks between the male patients with paranoid schizophrenia and male healthy controls, and to analysis the integrity of the white matter fiber tracts that connected to the different brain regions and its relationship with the course of disease. Methods Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) data were obtained from 25 male patients with paranoid schizophrenia and 26 male healthy controls. The whole brain was parcellated into 90 regions by using the anatomical label map. Tractography was performed in the whole brain of each subject to reconstruct white matter tracts using the FACT algorithm. The brain white matter weighted networks were then constructed using the complex network theory. Results The strength of the nodes in the networks of schizophrenia significantly decreased in the right thalamus (P=0.03, corrected) and the right hes?chl gyrus (P=0.04, corrected). Negative correlation was found between the strength of the right thalamus and the course of disease (r=-0.45, P=0.03). Conclusion The integrity of the white matter fiber tracts connected to the thalamus and tem?poral lobes in the male paranoid schizophrenia is impaired. The lesion of fiber tracts connected to the thalamus is related with the course of disease.