Objective To investigate the infectious features of rubella virus (RV) JR 23 strain in central nervous system (CNS). Methods RV JR 23 strain infected human primary cerebral neural cell culture in vitro and Balb/c mice, which were given dexamethasone and cytoxan before infection, via peritoneal injection. Viral pathogenecity was observed postinfection and RV antigens were detected in human cerebral neural cells by IFA and immunohistochemical method. Cerebral tissues were observed by HE staining and ABC methods postinfection.Results JR 23 strain didn't produce cytopathic effect (CPE). The proliferation of JR 23 strain reached highest titer of 10 3TCID 50 /ml at 72 h postinfection and decreased gradually. RV antigens were positive in cerebral neural cells, especially around the nuclei. Focal cytopathic areas were observed in cerebral cortical area and so did neuron necrosis around by gliacytes formed stellitorsis, neuronophagia and glial nodule. RV antigens could be seen in all cerebral area, but most localized in cortical area. Pathological features were basically the same among the infected groups. The infection rates of de xamethasone, cytoxan group and the group without intervention were 60%、90% and 50%, repectively. Conclusion RV JR 23 strain is not cytocidal to human neural cells and the pathological lesions induced by JR 23 strain in CNS of mice are mainly focal or dotted neuron necrosis.

Objective To investigate the pathological changes of gastric antrum mucosa after Helicobacter pylori eradication.Methods Total 180 cases who suffered from epigastralgia and took the endoscopic examination were randomly divided into two groups,one was Hp eradication group which included 98 cases and given anti-Hp medication treatment,and the other was control group which included 82 cases and given an expectant treatment.At the end of the study,they took reexamination by gastroscope and tests on Hp by Giemsa dyeing & rapid urase detection and on gastric antrum pathological changes by HE dyeing.Results In treatment group,atrophic gastritis as well as intestinal metaplasia decreased significantly after Helicobacter pylori eradication,but in control group,no change of atrophic gastritis was found while intestinal metaplasia aggravated.Conclusion The eradication of Helicobacter pylori is able to decrease atrophic gastritis and intestinal metaplasia.

OBJECTIVE To explore the features,developing trend and factors of hospital infection in patients with iatrogenic injury.METHODS Retrospective surveys of hospital infections in 750 cases with iatrogenic injury were carried out in hospital between 2000 and 2007.RESULTS The incidence of hospital infection in patients with iatrogenic injury was 87.39%.Among them,hospital wound infection was the highest(87.39%),the second one was cavity infection(8.98%).The leading causative microorganisms were Gram-negative bacteria.CONCLUSIONS It is imperative to make effort to decvease the morbidity of hospital infections.We hope that the iatrogenic injury can be brought into the category of public health as soon as possible to enhance the medical care service and secure safty and health of the patients.

Objective:To establish the quality standard for Kechuanning granules. Methods: A TLC method was used for the qualitative study on the main ingredients, Radix stemonae,ephedra and bitter almond. An HPLC method was used to determine the con-tents of ephedrine hydrochloride,pseudoephedrine hydrochloride and amygdalin. The separation of targeted compounds was performed on a Tech Mate C18-ST column (250 mm × 4. 6 mm,5 μm) . The mobile phase consisted of methanol(A) and 0. 1% phosphoric acid (B) with gradient elution at a flow rate of 1. 0 ml·min-1. The detection wavelength was 207nm and the column temperature was 35℃. Results:The spots in TLC were quite clear without any interference from negative control. The linear relationship of ephedrine hydrochloride,pseudoephedrine hydrochloride and amygdalin was 1. 826-182. 600μg·ml-1( r=0. 9997),1. 848-184. 815μg·ml-1 (r=0. 9997) and 2. 981-298. 069 μg·ml-1(r=0. 9996),respectively. The average recovery was 97. 00%,97. 40% and 98. 30%(RSD=3.7%,2.5%,1.6%)(n=9),respectively. Conclusion: The method is sensitive,accurate,simple and reproducible,which can be used for the quality control of Kechuanning granules.

BACKGROUND: Human placenta is a stable source for human amniotic epithelial cells, which is becoming a cellsource in the regenerative medicine that attracts widespread attentions.OBJECTIVE: To establish the method of isolation, culture, and adipogenic, chondric and osteogenic differentiationof human amniotic epithelial cells. METHODS: Trypsin-EDTA digestion was used to isolate human amniotic epithelial cells from human amnion tissue,which were then cultured and identified in vitro. The growth curve of the cells was observed in 12 days. Passage 1human amniotic epithelial cells were induced to differentiate into adipocytes, chondrocytes and osteoblasts, andconventional cultured cells were used as controls. After 16 days induction, oil red O, Masson and alkaline phosphatesstaining methods were carried out, and adipogenic transcription factor, type Ⅱ collagen, osteopontin, alkalinephosphatase mRNA expressions were detected using real-time fluorescene quantitative PCR.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Human amniotic epithelial cells were successfully obtained from human amnion tissue.Immunofluorescence data showed the expression of epithelial cell surface marker CK19. Passage 1 cells had a strongability to divide and proliferate. Compared with passage 1 ones, passage 2 cells showed a slight decrease in proliferationability, and the proliferation ability of passage 3 cells was the worst. Red lipid droplets, brilliant blue cartilage matrix andreddish brown calcium nodes were detected by oil red O, Masson and alkaline phosphates staining after adipogenic,chondrogenic and osteogenic differentiation, respectively. With the time prolonged, the expressions of adipogenictranscription factor, type Ⅱ collagen, osteopontin and alkaline phosphatase mRNA were increased. These resultsdemonstrated that human amniotic epithelial cells could be isolated from human amniotic membrane by enzymedigestion method, and these amniotic epithelial cells could be induced to differentiate into differentiate into adipocytes,chondrocytes and osteoblasts.

Objective To investigate the status of nutritional risk and clinical outcome in children hospitalized in the general surgical department, which can provide basis for clinical nutritional support and selecting the screening tool. Methods Nutritional risk screening was performed on 506 children hospitalized in the general surgical department by using the Paediatric Yorkhill Malnutrition Score (PYMS). The data on incidence of complications, parenteral nutritional support during hospitalization, length of hospital stay and total hospital expenses were recorded. Results Of the 506 cases, 64.6%(327/506) had low nutritional risk, 27.1%(137/506) had moderate nutritional risk, and 8.3%(42/506) had high nutritional risk. Hepatic and gall diseases were the most common types of moderate nutritional risk (55.2%, 16/29), intestinal obstruction were the most common types of high nutritional risk (23.1%, 6/26). The incidence of complications, parenteral nutritional support during hospitalization, length of hospital stay and total hospital expenses were 10.2%(14/137), 21.9%(30/137), (9.54±4.95) d, (6 899.13±3 281.18) yuan RMB and 21.4%(9/42), 35.7%(15/42), (10.60±7.25) d, (7 521.64±6 026.23) yuan RMB in moderate or high nutritional risk children, and 0.9%(3/327), 3.1%(10/327), (17.17 ± 4.17) d, (4 691.96 ± 3 114.43) yuan RMB in low nutritional risk children, and there were significant differences (χ2/F=18.665-64.554, P<0.05). Conclusions Moderate or high nutritional risk is seen in children hospitalized in the surgical department. High nutritional risk score is correlated with adverse clinical outcome. PYMS can be used for nutritional risk screening in hospitalized children.

Science Spirti play a important role in promoting moral standardization and the comcept development.The implication of science to seek truth,rational,criticize and suspicion,freedomand creating,which possesses important significance to cllture value sense of professional ethics of physicians to save life by loveheart,uphold truth,dedceating ond self to medical cause,and to promote sociatist medical moral progress.

Objective To assess the cesarean section scar morphology and size with transvaginal ultrasound and the healing of incision diverticulum after the repairing operation.Methods Forty cases with cesarean section scar defects needed repairing operation,40 cases of cesarean section without symptoms and 40 cases of vaginal delivery were involved.The scar condition and measured the size of cesarean section defects were observed.For the 40 cases needed repairing operation,the healing of the scar and measured the size of the defects were observed which still existed before and after the surgery.For the transvaginal delivery cases the thickness of uterine isthmus were measured.Results After the scar defects repairing operation,there were 9 cases who still had diverticulum,but the defects were smaller than that before operation (P <0.05).The symptoms were relieved.Among the 40 asymptomatic cases,there were 1 1 cases had defects,but the diverticulum were smaller than that of needed operation patients (P < 0.05 ). Conclusions The transvaginal ultrasound is a noninvasive and convenient method to observe the cesarean section scar.

Objective To observe the clinical effects of irbesartan combined with ambrette capsule for treatment of mild-to-moderate proteinuria in type 2 diabetic nephropathy. Methods Foutty-six patients with diabetic nephropathy( DN),who meet the diagnostic criteria for diabetes and DN diagnostic criteria which WHO promulgated in 1999 years,were randomly divided into control group(n =23)and treatment group(n =23) . Patients in control group were administrated conventional hypoglycemic drugs,lipid,calcium antagonists step-down and diet control,while in treatment group were administrated irbesartan(75 mg,1 times/d)combined with ambrette capsule(5 pills,3 times/d)on this basis. Both the treatment duration was 8 weeks. Urine protein,blood urea nitrogen( BUN),serum creatinine( SCr)and C reactive protein( CRP)were measured respectively before treatment and 8 weeks after treatment. Results After 8 weeks treatment,the total effective rate in treatment group was 87. 0%(20/23),higher than that of control group(52. 2%(12/23);χ2 =6. 571,P﹤0. 05). The CRP had decreased significantly in treatment group( from( 11. 7 ± 0. 9 ) mg/L to( 5. 8 ± 0. 3 ) mg/L ) which compared with control group(from(10. 1 ± 0. 6)mg/Lto(9. 8 ± 0. 4)mg/L;P﹤0. 05). But BUN and SCr had no significant difference compared with pre-treatment( P ﹥ 0. 05 ). Conclusion Irbesartan combine with ambrette capsule can significantly decrease the urine protein and regulate on the micro-inflammatory state. It is worthy of popularization and application.