A cross-sectional survey of 3589 adolescents was conducted in three cities from different typical geographical zones of Guangdong province. The median urinary iodine concentrations (MUI) of adolescents in Nanxiong, Guangzhou and Maoming were 286.6,204.1 and 166.0μ/L, respectively. The MUI of all these adolescents Was 231.7μg/L, which was slightly higher than the current World Health Organization recommendation.

Objective To investigate the clinical application value of the modified radiography by digital ra- diography of the tempro-mandibular joint in the tempro-mandibular joint radiography.Methods A digital radiogra- phy machine(Siemens Aristos MX)was used to the tempro-mandibular joint disorders of 68 patients with the meth- ods of the modified radiography of the tempro-mandibular joint,and the results were compared with those of 45 cases acquired with conventional radiography.Results The modified radiography by digital radiography provided high res- olution,precise location and excellent images,and the total structures of tempro-mandibular joint was clearly dis- played,with a success rate of 99%(67/68),while the results acquired by conventional radiography were not clear, only with a success rate of 60%(18/45).There is significant statistical differences between the modified radiography by digital radiography and conventional radiography(x~2 = 35.08,P

Objective To investigate the synergistic therapy effects of B and T lymphocyte attenuator(BTLA) extracellular domain in combination with heat shock protein 70 (HSP70)-TC-1 antigen peptide complex on the mouse model of cervical cancer and the related immunological mechanisms. Methods(1)Detecting the BTLA and herpesvirus entry mediator (HVEM) gene expression in the tumor microenvironment after C57BL/6 mice were inoculated with TC-1 tumor cells by realtime PCR; BTLA,HVEM expression on tumor infiltrating lymphocytes cell surface were detected by flow cytometry (fluorescence intensity). (2) According to different treatments, tumor-bearing mice were divided into 5 groups, which was injected with pcDNA3. 1 (empty vector plasmid as control), psBTLA (vector plasmid which expresses BTLA extracellular domain), HSP70 (HSP70-TC-1 cell peptide complex), HSP70 +pcDNA3.1 or HSP70 + psBTLA, respectively. The weight of tumor was recorded. The expression of immunoregulatory genes in tumor microenvironment were detected. The change of lymphocyte amount and cytotoxicity were detected too; lymphocyte proliferation activity was measured by tritium thymidine incorporation assay; the concentration of interleukin (IL) 2 and interferon-γ(IFN-γ) in supernatants of spleen lymphocyte were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results (1) BTLA gene expression was gradually increased after tumor cells inoculation. The highest expression level was 2. 83 + 0. 35 at 14th day, which had statistical significance difference with the 7th day expression of 1.66±0. 25 (P < 0. 05). While HVEM mRNA expression did not change significantly (P > 0. 05). The 7th and 14th day after TC-1 cells inoculation, the average fluorescence intensity of BTLA expression on the surface of tumor infiltrating lymphocytes was 33.5 and 51.8, respectively, in which there was statistically significant difference (P <0. 05); while the difference of HVEM expression was not statistically significant (57. 2 vs 49. 3 ,P >0. 05). (2)The 28th day after inoculation, tumor inhibition rate of HSP70 + psBTLA group was 88%, which was significantly higher than other treatment groups (P <0. 05). The 28th day after TC-1 cells inoculation, combination therapy not only promoted IFN-γ and IL-2 gene (3. 12 + 0.71,3.20 + 0. 62)expression but also reduced transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β), Foxp3 and IL-10 expression (0. 25±0. 03,0. 19 +0. 03,0. 31 +0. 04;P <0. 05). It also promoted CD8+ T lymphocyte infiltration(52 +6)/high power field, cytotoxicity (65.5±2.4) %, proliferation (15.0 × 103 cpm) and cytokine IL-2 , IFN-γsecretion(824±51), (1096±112) pg/ml, which were all significantly higher than other groups (P <0. 05). Conclusion The effect of immunotherapy on tumor can be augmented by the combination of psBTLA which expresses extracellular domain of BTLA and HSP70-TC-1 tumor antigen peptide complex,which could improve the expression of the related immunoregulatory genes to establish a much better microenvironment in favor of anti-tumor immune response against the mice model of the cervix carcinoma.

According to the current situations and development of (TCMIs), the author of the article reveals the scientific connotation of TCMIs in theory, preparations and clinic application, and points out that TCMIs are an innovative and breakthrough of conventional dosage forms of traditional Chinese medicines, the combination of traditional theory and modern technology as well as a type of modern dosage form with the characteristics of traditional Chinese medicines, which conforms to the principle of including the essence and excluding the wastes for traditional Chinese medicine preparations, meets the demands for quick-acting of traditional Chinese medicines and guides one of the development orientation of traditional Chinese medicines. In the meantime, an analysis was also made on key issues, such as adverse reactions of TCMIs, modern clinical application, special drug delivery route and diversity of components and ingredients.
Drug Delivery Systems ; methods ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; adverse effects ; Exanthema ; chemically induced ; Humans ; Injections ; adverse effects ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; adverse effects ; methods ; trends ; Nausea ; chemically induced ; Product Surveillance, Postmarketing ; methods ; statistics & numerical data ; Vomiting ; chemically induced

OBJECTIVETo study the immunophenotype and its relationship with clinical characteristics in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL).

METHODSBone marrow or blood samples (2-3 mL) with heparin anticoagulation from 139 children with ALL were obtained, and immunophenotypes were identified by flow cytometry.

RESULTSIn 139 ALL children, there were 103 cases (74.1%) of B-ALL, 24 cases (17.3%) of T-ALL, 12 cases of T/B biphenotypic (8.6% of T/BALL). In the 103 children with B-ALL, CD19 (90.3%), CD10 (83.5%) and CD20 (27.2%) were expressed as major antigens. In the 24 children with T-ALL, the major antigens were CD3 (79.2%), CD7 (66.7%) and CD5 (33.3%). In the 12 children with B/T-ALL, T-lymphoid antigens included CD7 (50.0%) and CD5 (41.7%), while the B-lymphoid antigens included CD19 (50.0%) and CD10 (33.3%). Of the 139 children with ALL, 32 cases (23.0%) showed myeloid antigen expression (My+ ALL) and the main expression antigens were CD13, CD33, CD14 and MPO. CD34 was expressed in 31 cases. CD34-positive expression (15.6%) in My+ ALL children was significantly lower than in My-ALL children (24.3%). HLA-DR was expressed in 82 of the 139 ALL children. The expression of CD10, CD34 and HLA-DR in the standard-risk, medium risk, high-risk ALL children was significantly different. There were significant differences in gender and incidence of bleeding between the My+ ALL and My-ALL groups (P<0.05).

CONCLUSIONSImmunetyping can differentiate the sources of leukemic cells. The expression of CD10, CD34 and HLA-DR antigen is related to the clinical classification of ALL.

Adolescent ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; HLA-DR Antigens ; analysis ; Humans ; Immunophenotyping ; Infant ; Male ; Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma ; immunology

OBJECTIVETo investigate the relationship between cytochrome P4501A1 (CYP1A1) Msp I gene polymorphism and childhood acute leukemia (AL).

METHODSRelevant literature was extensively searched and screened by Pubmed and Wanfang Database, Chinese Science Journal Database and Chinese Journal Net. Various data consolidation, combined OR values and their 95% CI were tested by RevMan 4.2; Funnel plots were used for the bias analysis.

RESULTSSix related literatures were found to meet the requirements. According to heterogeneity results, there was no significant difference in homozygous types(P>0.05), while there was significant difference in two others types (P all<0.05). For wild CYP1A1MspI homozygous for the reference group, Combined OR of heterozygous mutation, homozygous, heterozygous + homozygous mutation in AL and control groups were 1.18, 0.96, and 1.10 respectively. Subgroup analysis: Z values of CYP1A1MspI homozygous, heterozygous + homozygous in the acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and the control group were 0.10 and 0.76 respectively, Z values in non-acute lymphoblastic leukemia and control group were 0.74 and 0.75.

CONCLUSIONThere is no correlation between CYP1A1MspI gene polymorphism and the susceptibility of childhood AL.

Acute Disease ; Child ; Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A1 ; genetics ; Genetic Predisposition to Disease ; Heterozygote ; Humans ; Leukemia ; enzymology ; genetics ; Polymorphism, Genetic

This paper is to report the study of the pharmacokinetics of a fusion protein TAT-haFGF(14-154) for human acidic fibroblast growth factor and transcriptional activator protein in rat plasma, and the investigation of their penetration across blood-brain barrier in mice and rats, in order to provide a basis for clinical development and treatment of Alzheimer's disease. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to determine concentration of TAT-haFGF(14-154) in rat plasma and in mouse brain homogenate; and immunohistochemistry was used to analyze the distribution in brain. The concentration-time curve fitted two-compartment open model which was linear kinetics elimination after a single intravenous injection of TAT-haFGF(14-154) in rat at the dose of 300 microg x kg(-1). The half life time was 0.049 +/- 0.03 h for distribution phase and 0.55 +/- 0.05 h for elimination phase, and the weight was 1/C2. The result showed that TAT-haFGF(14-154) could be detected in the brain by ELISA and immunohistochemistry, the elimination of TAT-haFGF(14-154) in rat was swift, and TAT-haFGF(14-154) could penetrate across the blood-brain barrier, distribute in pallium and hippocampus and locate in the nucleus.
Animals ; Blood-Brain Barrier ; metabolism ; Brain ; metabolism ; Cell Nucleus ; metabolism ; Cerebral Cortex ; metabolism ; Female ; Fibroblast Growth Factor 1 ; administration & dosage ; pharmacokinetics ; Gene Products, tat ; administration & dosage ; pharmacokinetics ; Hippocampus ; metabolism ; Injections, Intravenous ; Male ; Mice ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Recombinant Fusion Proteins ; administration & dosage ; pharmacokinetics

OBJECTIVETo study the relationship between human parvovirus B19 infection and childhood idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) by the principle of evidence based medicine.

METHODSPapers related to the relationship between human parvovirus B19 infection and childhood ITP published between 1994 and 2008 were retrieved electronically from the Chinese Journals Full-text Database and the Wanfang Data. These relevant papers on case-control trials were statistically studied by meta analysis.

RESULTSEight papers that met the inclusion criteria were included for this meta analysis. Five hundred and sixteen cases of childhood ITP and 246 healthy controls were enrolled. The meta analysis showed that the incidence of human parvovirus B19 infection in the ITP group was significantly higher than that in the control group (OR=13.71, 95% CI=7.07-26.59, Z=7.75, p<0.01).

CONCLUSIONSHuman parvovirus B19 infection is closely associated with childhood ITP.

Child ; Erythema Infectiosum ; complications ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Purpura, Thrombocytopenic, Idiopathic ; etiology

OBJECTIVETo summarize the clinical changing characters of the clinical markers after interferon treatment in chronic hepatitis B (CHB) and make out practical indexes to predict the effect.

METHODS150 CHB patients were randomly divided into two groups: therapeutic group (90) and control group (60) in the prospective controlled trial. The levels of endogenous interferon before treatment, interferon antibody at the end of the second month and fourth month after treatment, alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and HBV DNA in the serum were detected. Then the data was analysed to find out indexes for predicting the effect.

RESULTS(1) The clearance rate of HBeAg had no significant difference in age except for 20 - 30 and 30 - 40 (t > 2.331 2, P < 0.01). (2) It was more effective if ALT level was higher than 400 U/L before treatment and it decreased more than 50% two months after treatment. (3) The patients whose HBV DNA was negative (dot hybridization) or less than 10(6) copies/ml before treatment had higher rate of HBeAg clearance. (4) There was no effect on patients whose interferon antibody turned positive at the end of the second month. (5)A predictive method of comprehensive factors was made out, whose sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy were 80%, 100% and 90%, respectively.

CONCLUSIONThe clinical characters of these Chinese patients are different from those of the westerners and the effects of interferon have close relation to the levels of ALT, HBV DNA and interferon antibody.

Adjuvants, Immunologic ; administration & dosage ; therapeutic use ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Alanine Transaminase ; blood ; Aspartate Aminotransferases ; blood ; DNA, Viral ; blood ; Female ; Hepatitis B Antibodies ; blood ; Hepatitis B virus ; isolation & purification ; Hepatitis B, Chronic ; drug therapy ; physiopathology ; Humans ; Interferon-alpha ; administration & dosage ; therapeutic use ; Male ; Prospective Studies

OBJECTIVETo investigate the biological characteristics of childhood T-lineage acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) and their clinical significance.

METHODSImmunophenotyping was performed by three-color flow cytometry analysis using CD45 /SSC gating in 23 children with newly diagnosed T-ALL. Meanwhile cytogenetic analysis was performed.

RESULTSCD3(+) expression of T-lineage antigens was apparently higher than CD7(+) and CD5(+) expression. CD19(+) expression of B-lineage antigens was apparently higher than CD22(+), CD10(+) and CD20(+) expression. Myeloid antigen was expressed in 4 cases (17%). CD34(+) and HLA-DR(+) were observed in 4 cases (17%) and 5 cases (22%), respectively. cCD3(+) and cCD79(+) were expressed in 23 cases (100%) and 22 cases (96%), respectively. The chromosome detection in 8 cases with T-ALL showed hyperdiploid or Ph(+) chromosome (one case each). The fusion gene detection in 5 cases showed MLL rearrangements in two cases and positive SIL/TAL1 fusion gene in one case. CD3 expression was related with the complete remission rate.

CONCLUSIONSImmunophenotyping is an important tool for diagnosis of T-ALL. However, the immunophenotype of T-ALL is heterogeneous. So, immunophenotyping along with cytogenetic and molecular genetic analysis is needed in the treatment and prognosis evaluation of T-ALL.

Child ; Child, Preschool ; Chromosome Aberrations ; Female ; Humans ; Immunophenotyping ; Male ; Precursor T-Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma ; drug therapy ; genetics ; immunology