Animals ; Hepatocytes ; transplantation ; Humans ; Liver Diseases ; genetics ; surgery ; therapy ; Liver Failure ; surgery

The following measures have been taken with improved teaching effects in our recent practice of lemological teaching Firstly,we adjusted our teaching scope from classical communicable diseases to infectious diseases and brought the newest progress into our contents.Secondly,we adopted rich and colorful teaching methods to boost the students' learning interest.Thirdly,the students' clinical capabilities have been emphasized in our lemological examination.And lastly,multimedia has been employed to display our contents more actively.

Objective To explore how to determine the designated hospitals for critical illness scientifically and reasonably.Methods Analyzing the choice of medical providers by inpatients with critical illness,by means of the database of NRCMS in 2009～2010 in one county,Guangxi province.And analyzing the current policies on the basis of general principals used in health policy analysis.Results The choices of medical providers made by inpatients with critical illness are influenced by various factors.Choice of such hospitals should only be dependent on scientific and reasonable determination of patients' reasonable medical needs,instead of on the medical competency of the hospitals only.Conclusion Maximal cost-effectiveness should prevail,be it the class-1 demand of complete healing which is highly dependent on medical technology,or class-2 demand requiring repeated hospitalizations and not highly dependent on medical technology.Reasonable designation of hospitals for critical illness should be based on reasonable medical needs of patients,instead of medical competency of hospitals only.

Cervical cancer is one of the leading causes of death in women with malignancies worldwide.Brachytherapy plays an essential role in the radiation therapy for cervical cancer, and its combination with external beam radiation is indicated for previously untreated or recurrent cervical cancer at various stages without distant metastasis.Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has superior resolution of soft tissue, which allows for accurate delineation of target volume, protects organs at risk (OARs), and thus improves treatment outcomes.In recent years, many studies have demonstrated the feasibility and superiority of three-dimensional MRI-guided brachytherapy for cervical cancer.This article aims to elaborate on relevant MRI techniques, selection of applicators, delineation of target volume and OARs, evaluation of treatment plans, and the clinical effect of three-dimensional MRI-guided brachytherapy.

Objective To evaluate the efficacy of different doses of dexmedetomidine for prevention of postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) in the elderly patients undergoing hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy.Methods Sixty ASA physical status Ⅰ or Ⅱ patients of both sexes,aged over 65 yr,weighing 50-70kg,undergoing elective hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy,were equally and randomly assigned into 4 groups using a random number table:control group (group C),different doses of dexmedetomidine groups (groups D1-D3).In D1-3 groups,a loading dose of dexmedetomidine 0.2,0.4 and 0.8 μg/kg was infused over 30 min before induction of anesthesia,respectively,followed by infusion at a rate of 0.5 μg· kg-1 · h-1 until the end of surgery,while the equal volume of normal saline was given in group C.After induction of anesthesia,the patients were endotracheally intubated and mechanically ventilated.Venous blood samples were collected at 30 min before induction of anesthesia (T0),immediately after intubation (T1),at 0 and 1 h after skin incision (T2,3),at 1 min after abdomen closure (T4) and immediately after onset of extubation (T5) for determination of serum concentrations of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) by ELISA.The development of POCD was recorded within 7 days after surgery.Results Compared with group C,the serum concentrations of TNF-α and IL6 and incidence of POCD were significantly decreased in D1-D3 groups (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Dexmedetomidine pretreatment can decrease the development of POCD in elderly patients undergoing hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy and inhibition of inflammatory responses may be involved in the mechanism.

Objective To study and summarize the successful experience and the safety, easibility, practicality and operation skills of totally laparoscopic extraperitoneal herniorrhaphy (TEP). Methods From October 2006 to May 2008,225 patients in our two hospitals were performed TEP (265 totally laparoscopic extraperitoneal hernia repairs for inguinal hernia), including 55 direct inguinal hernia, 197 indirect inguinal hernia and 13 complex inguinal hernia operations. Among the 225 patients, 185 patients had unilateral hernia and 40 patients had bilateral hernias, including 29 recurrent hernia. Results The operations were lasted for 30 to 182 minutes(the average operating duration was 48 minutes for unilateral hernia and 106 minutes for bilateral hernia). The patients stayed in hospital for 2 to 8 days(the average inpatient hospital stay was 3.0 ± 1.2 days). The most common complication was scrotum bematomas,which appeared in 18 cases. Urinary re-tention appeared in 21 cases. Inguinal pain appeared in 5 cases. Bladder injury appeared 1 case. All the pa-tients were followed up for 3 months- 3 years. There was only 1 case of recurrence. Conclusions The proce-dure of TEP is safe,with faster postoperative recover,less pain,lower incidence of pain,better comfort quality and lower recurrence rate. TEP should be the main laparoscopic procedure for inguinal hernia repair.

Objective To discuss the operative difficulties and management in laparoscopic thyroidectomy.Method The clinical data of 169 cases undergoing laparoscopic thyroidectomy were retrospectively analyzed.Result Among 169 cases,only 2 cases were switched to open surgery.Among the other 167 cases local thyroidectomy for thyroid adenoma Was performed in 37 cases,one side subtotal thyroidectomy in 63 cases,two side subtotal thyroidectomy in 42 cases,laparoscopic subtotal thyroideetomy was done in 20 cases for Grave's disease,and radical thyroidectomy was undeRaken in 5 cases of thyroid carcinoma.Postoperatively fat colliquation occurred in 2 cases,pneumohypoderma,skin bruise and temporary vocal dullness or hoarsness in 1 each case.There was no postoperative recurrent laryngeal nerve injury,nor that of the parathyroid gland. Conclusions Laparoscopie thyroidectomy has its own intraoperative difficulties. Accurate operative skills and careful perioperative management can decrease the occurrence of complications.

To explore the clinical features and common complications of fast resting heart rate (RHR) in hypertensionpatients. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the entire rest electrocardiogram data of Qingdao study 2000 and Xinyang study2005 in community population elder than 18 years including hypertension patients and non-hypertension subjects. Clinical complications as diabetes, coronary artery disease, hyperlipidemia and stroke, laboratory findings, RHR in ECG, body mass index (BMI), waist to hip ratio and office blood pressure were collected in all participants. Results: A total of 18183 participants were enrolled including 61.6% male, the average age was (45.2±12.7) years including 6763 hypertension patients. Compared with normal BP subjects, hypertension patients had the faster RHR (73.5±11.6) times/min vs (70.6±9.6) times/min, P<0.001 and more hypertension patients combining fast RHR (14.5% vs 6.4%), P<0.001. In hypertension patients, compared with normal RHR patients, fast RHR patients had the elder age (53.9±12.2) years vs (51.8±11.2) years, lower BMI (25.8±3.6) kg/m2 vs (26.4±3.4) kg/m2 and higher ratio of grade 3 hypertension (68.2%vs 59.0%), all P<0.001; higher levels of fasting blood glucose (6.0±2.4) mmol/L vs (5.6±1.5) mmol/L and triglyceride (2.0±1.8) mmol/L vs (1.7±1.3) mmol/L, both P<0.001, higher LDL-C (3.2±0.9) mmol/L vs (3.1±0.8) mmol/L, P=0.001;more patients with diabetes (6.6% vs 3.9%), P=0.007 and stroke (11.1% vs 8.3%), P=0.005. Multivariate regression analysis indicated that with adjusted traditional risk factors, fast RHR was positively related to stroke occurrence in hypertension patients (OR=1.306, 95% CI 1.021-1.671). Conclusion: Fast RHR happened more in hypertension patients than in normal BP subjects; it had the increased risk for stroke occurrence in hypertension patients.

AIM: To study the expression profile of QKI m RNA and protein in rat heart during pathological cardiac hypertrophy. ME THODS: A rat cardiac hypertrophy model was established using continuous norepinephrine (NE) perfusion. Real-time PCR and Western blotting were applied t o examine QKI mRNA and protein expression respectively in rat heart. RES ULTS: Both mRNA and protein of three QKI isoforms were detected in adult rat heart. QKI-5 mRNA and total QKI protein were remarkably decreased in NE-ind uced hypertrophic heart compared with those in control group (P

Chlamydia psittaci is a causative agent of psittacosis,which can infect a wide range of hosts including birds and humans.However,information regarding C.psittaci infection in pigeons is scarce.In the present study,a total of 399 fecal samples from pigeons were collected from Jilin Province,northeastern China,between March and May 2015,and examined by nested PCR amplification of outer membrane protein A (ompA) gene.The overall Chlamydiosis prevalence was 5.01％ (21/399),with 3.19％ in Changchun City and 9.40％ in Jilin City.Furthermore,breed was the major risk factor associated with Chlamydia infection in pigeon,boiler pigeons had a prevalence of 7.49％,whereas no C.psittaci was detected in racing pigeons.Sequence analysis of the ompA gene revealed that all the identified isolates represented C.psittaci genotype B.Our results firstly indicated the presence of zoonotic C.psittaci in boiler pigeons in Jilin Province,northeastern China,and effective measures should be implemented to reduce the risk of C.psittaci transmission from pigeons to humans.