OBJECTIVE:To investigate the application of clindamycin phosphate for inpatients in a third grade class A hospital, and provide reference for the specication of its application. METHODS:Retrospective investigation was adopted to randomly obtain the medical information of inpatients who used Clindamycin phosphate for injection in a third grade class A hospital in May 2014, and its rationality was evaluated and analyzed by referred the instructions,relevant provisions and principles. RESULTS:Totally 205 patients used Clindamycin phosphate for injection,among which 174 were for the purpose of prevention medicine,31 cases for treatment purposes. There were reasonable use of 130 cases(63.4%);unreasonable prophylaxis of 71 cases(34.6%),unreason-able treatment of 4 cases(2.0%),it was mainly no indication of medicine,usage and dosage,treatment course and use of antibac-terial drugs. CONCLUSIONS:There still remains unreasonable phenomenon in the clinical application of the Clindamycin phos-phate for injection,the safe and effective clinical application can only be ensured if the drug regulatory system is improved and anti-bacterial drugs in clinical medicine guidelines is strictly enforced.

Animals ; Apoptosis ; Cell Hypoxia ; Cell Proliferation ; Cells, Cultured ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; Muscle, Smooth, Vascular ; cytology ; Myocytes, Smooth Muscle ; cytology ; Oxygen ; metabolism ; Rats

Aim To investigate the role of NO/cGMP in the cardioprotective effects of intrathecal morphine preconditioning against myocardial ischemia-reperfu-sion injury in rats. Method 54 Male Sprague-Dawley Rats were used to establish the model of intrathecal catheter placement. The rats were randomly assigned to
9 groups. SHAM (sham group), CON (control, sa-line) , ITMP ( intrathecal morphine preconditioning, 3μg·kg-1 ) , L-NAME+ITMP ( NO synthetase inhibi-tor,L-NAME ) , ODQ + ITMP ( guanylate cyclase in-hibitor, ODQ ) , KT5823 + ITMP ( PKG inhibitor, KT5823),L-NAME,ODQ,KT5823,6ratsineach
group. ITMP were produced by three cycles of 5 min intrathecal injection of morphine and 5 min intermis-sion before myocardial ischemia, CON were achieved by intrathecal injection of saline in the same way, L-NAME+ITMP, ODQ +ITMP, KT5823 +ITMP were prepared by intrathecally administering L-NAME ( 30 nmol), ODQ(11 nmol) and KT5823(20 pmol) 10 minutes prior to ITMP respectively, L-NAME, ODQ, KT5823 worked as the control of inhibitors themselves respectively without ITMP. Subsequently, all rats were subjected to 30 min of left coronary artery occlusion followed by 2 h of reperfusion except the SHAM group. Myocardial infarct size, as a percentage of the AAR,
was determined by 2 , 3 , 5-triphenyltetrazolium stai-ning. Results Compared with CON, the volumes of IS and IS/AAR were reduced in ITMP ( P <0.01 );the protective effects of ITMP were abolished by pre-treatment with L-NAME, ODQ and KT5823 ( P <0.01 );Conclusions NO/cGMP might be involved in the cardioprotective effect of intrathecal morphine pre-conditioning against myocardial ischemia and reperfu-sion injury in rats.

Objective:To investigate the prognostic value of estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), and Ki-67 in breast can-cer patients receiving neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) and explore the association of chemotherapy regimens and cycles with the outcome of NAC. Methods:Clinical data of cancer patients receiving NAC were retrospectively analyzed. All the patients were admit-ted in Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital from January 2015 to December 2015. All statistical analyses were per-formed using SPSS version 19.0. The relationship among the outcome of NAC, molecular subtype, expression levels of ER, PR, and Ki-67, and chemotherapy regimens and cycles was investigated. Results:Only five HER-2(+) patients accepted the addition of trastuzum-ab in treatment, and few cases were excluded from the statistical analysis based on the effect of chemotherapy regimens. The effec-tiveness of NAC was positively correlated with the expression of Ki-67 whereas negatively correlated with the expression levels of ER and PR (P<0.05). In patients receiving NAC, the patients with Luminal subtype had worse outcome than those with non-Luminal sub-type (P=0.033). The invalid efficacy of pathologic evaluations of Luminal and non-Luminal NAC were 10.1%and 1.3%, respectively. No significant difference was found in the outcome among patients receiving TE, TEC, or EC-T;however, patients who received more than four cycles of NAC had better outcome than others (P=0.016). The outcome was statistically significant when the cut-off value of Ki-67 was 25%. Conclusion:Ki-67 proliferative index could be used as a prognostic marker to NAC in breast cancer patients. The cut-off value of Ki-67 should be determined on the basis of the data of each cancer patient. The curative effect of NAC was poor, and Luminal pa-tients with chemotherapy were insensitive and could be considered for surgical treatment. Patients who received less than four cycles of NAC had worse outcome than others, and prompt NAC foot treatment could improve the efficiency.

Objective To investigate the changes of serum nerve growth factor(NGF) and interleukin(IL)-15 levels in children with mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia(MPP) and its clinical significance.Methods Using the antibody sandwich ELISA method to measure the serum NGF and IL-15 levels in 65 cases of MPP (MPP group,which contains two groups:the severe group contains 25 patients and the mild group contains 40 patients) and 50 cases of healthy children (normal control group).Results The serum NGF,IL-15 levels in the acute phase of MPP group were (157.62 ± 33.45) pg/ml and (242.51 ± 60.04) pg/ml,and in the recovery period were (99.58 ±21.29) pg/ml and (145.90 ±50.25) pg/ml,they were all significantly higher than the normal control group [(29.86-± 11.74) pg/ml and (108.86 ± 21.14) pg/ml,P ＜ 0.05].The serum NGF,IL-15 of the acute phase were also higher than the recovery period (P ＜0.05).In the acute phase of MPP,serum NGF,IL-15 levels in the severe group were significantly higher than in the mild group [(204.38±27.52) pg/ml vs (128.39 ±22.07) pg/ml,(288.58 ±55.33) pg/ml vs (213.71 ±42.69) pg/ml],and the differences were statistically significant (P ＜ 0.05) ; in the recovery period of MPP group,the serum NGF,IL-15 levels of severe group were higher than the mild group,but the difference was not statistically significant (P ＞0.05).Conclusion The serum levels of NGF,IL-15 in the mycoplasma pneumoniae infection patients are significantly increased,and they are all decreased as the disease mitigation.It is prompted that NGF and IL-15 participate in the pathogenesis of infection by mycoplasma pneumoniae.

Objective Comparing the effect of different anesthetic inductions in pediatric pa-tients undergoing bronchial foreign body removal.Methods Thirty pediatric patients,aged 9-58 months,undergoing emergency bronchial foreign body removal,were randomly into 3 groups (n=10 each):group sevoflurane (group S),group propofol (group P),and group ketamine (group K).Pa-tients in group S were inducted with sevoflurane 8% inhalation,group P with propofol 2.5 mg/kg in-travenous injection,group K with ketamine 5 mg/kg intramuscular injection.Three groups of pa-tients breathed spontaneously during operative period and received topical anesthesia of lidocaine be-fore the placement of rigid bronchoscopy.Combination of intravenous target-controlled infusion of propofol (target plasma concentration of 3-3.5 μg/ml)and remifentanil (target plasma concentration of 2-3 ng/ml)was used for maintenance of anesthesia.The rigid bronchoscopy was inserted after pre-oxygenation for 3 min.Rigid bronchoscopy was performed and the placement time,the first place-ment successfully rate,hypoxemia and side effects as well as postoperative awaking time were recor-ded.Results The first placement successfully rate,group S 90%,group P 70%,group K 40%,with significant difference among three groups (P<0.05).The incidence of side effects were not signifi-cant difference in three groups;In group S and group P,the placement time and the anesthesia awa-king time was significant shorter than that in group K (P<0.05).Conclusion Compared with propo-fol intravenous induction and ketamine intramuscular induction,the high concentration sevoflurane in-duction can provide faster induction,shorter waking time,and reduceside effects in childen undergo-ing bronchial foreign body removal.

Objective To investigate the acute toxicity, subacute toxicity, nasal membrane local toxicity of the Magnolia biondii Pamp volatile oil nanometer bangosome. Methods Kunming mice and SD rats were selected as experimental material. Kunming mice were used in the acute and subacute toxicity tests by intragastric administration of Magnolia biondii Pamp volatile oil nanometer bangosome with different dosage and different time, and SD rats were used in the nasal membrane local toxicity test by nose dropping, while the control group was treated with intragastric administration of or nose dropping with normal saline for the same dosage. The treatment course lasted fifteen days. At the end of the tests, the general condition, routine blood test, function index of live and kidney, organ humid weight index, histological changes of liver and kidney and ultra microstructure change of rat nasal membrane were obtained and compared with the control group. Results In the acute toxicity test, the daily maximum tolerant dosage by intragastric administration was equal to 222.7 times of the clinical routine, with no marked toxic reaction. In the subacute toxicity test, the general condition, blood test, organ humid weight index and histological changes of live and kidney in different dosage groups were similar to the control group. While in the function index of live and kidney, uric acid was stepped down in the middle and large dose groups, and total bilirubin was decreased in the large dose group. The nasal membrane local toxicity test revealed that there was little change in the ultra microstructure of rat nasal membrane.Conclusion The Magnolia biondii Pamp volatile oil nanometer bangosome may have little toxicity by intragastric administration and nose dropping.

Adolescent ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Endometriosis ; pathology ; Female ; Humans ; Melanoma ; pathology ; Melanosis ; complications ; pathology ; surgery ; Ovarian Neoplasms ; complications ; Peritoneal Diseases ; complications ; pathology ; surgery ; Teratoma ; complications

Objective To explore the value of minute ventilation recovery time (VERT) as a weaning predictor in mechanically ventilated patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).Methods A prospective study was performed from March 2008 to July 2012.Fifty-two COPD patients under mechanical ventilation for more than 48 hours in our RICU tolerated a spontaneous breathing trial (SBT) and were ready for planned extubation.After SBT,these patients were placed back on their pre-SBT ventilator settings for up to 25 minutes,during which VERT was obtained.VERT was defined as the time for minute ventilation to return to baseline measured before SBT.Respiratory rate,tidal volume,minute ventilation and respiratory rate/tidal volume ratio were also obtained before SBT and just after SBT.Arterial blood gas data were measured and recorded before weaning.According to the weaning outcome,the patients were classified as successful group (40 cases) or failed group (12 cases).VERT and other quantitative variables were compared using t test.A multiple logistic regression was performed to explore possible factors associated with the weaning outcome.The sensitivity and specificity of VERT for predictive capacity in weaning were assessed using ROC cure.Results VERT and respiratory rate after SBT were significantly different between two groups.Multiple logistic regression revealed that VERT was the only predictor associated with weaning outcome (b =0.282,P ＜0.001).The area under ROC curve for VERT was 0.957 (95％ CI:O.907-1.008).With a cut-off value of 10.5 minutes,the sensitivity and specificity of VERT for predicting weaning failure were 1.0 and 0.85,respectively.Conclusions VERT may be a new predictor for extubation and determination of mechanical ventilation weaning in patients with COPD.VERT is a variable to be easily measured thereby being conveniently used in clinical practice.

Encephalomyocarditis virus (EMCV) ,named JZ1202 ,was isolated from domesticated boar in Henan ,China . We performed the full-length genome sequencing and molecular characteristic analysis of the isolated strain .Results showed that the full-genome sequence of EMCV JZ1202 generated a sequence of 7 735 bp in length ,and had 81 .2%-99 .9% nucleotide identity with other reference strains from different animals ,but 99 .4% with Chinese reference from pig .The phylogenetic tree was constructed based on the full-length genome;ORF and VP1 gene sequences identified EMCV was divided into G1 ,G2 and G3 groups ;the strain JZ1202 belongs to G1 with other Chinese reference strains .Results identified that the EMCV infection could cause severe clinical symptoms in domesticated boar .Big regional differences exist in EMCV and the transmission is limit-ed in a range of area .However ,cross infection and prevalence of EMCV disease between domesticated boar and mice might ex-ist .Mutation of some amino acid may occurred in EMCV infected domesticated boar .