Objective To investigate the effects of Ginaton on acute lung injury (ALI) induced by lipopolysaccaride (LPS).Methods The acute lung injury rat model was induced by receiving 5 mg/kg LPS injection in tail vein.A total of 63 Wistar rats were divide into 3 groups without caring sex.Saline control group,LPS treated group and Ginaton treated group.The samples of different groups were collected 2 h,6 h,and 10 h after tail vein administration.Serum soluble cell ashesion molecule-1 (sICAM-1) was measured by ELISA,immunohistochemical staining and Western blotting of NF-kB were performed on sections of lung specimens.Results The acute lung injury rat model was successfully induced by receiving LPS injection in tail vein.The sICAM-1 levels increased more in Ginaton treated group than those in Saline control group (P＜0.01),and the increase in LPS treated group were the highest.By immunohistochemical staining,the positive NF-kB cells in Ginaton treated group were much less than those in LPS treated group (P＜0.01),and in Saline control group were least (P＜0.01).The results of the Western-blot method were consistent with immunohistochemical method.Conclusion ALI could be induced by LPS,Ginaton showed a protective effect through probably inhibiting activation of NF-kB on LPS-induced-ALI in this animal model.

Objective Using the third high sensitive cardiac troponin I assay to establish the reference intervals of serum cardiac marker high sensitivity cardiac troponin I ( hs-cTnI ) in apparently healthy subjects of Beijing area, and to explore the relationship between cTnI and other parameters.Methods Using random selection method, a total of 440 serum samples were collected from apparently healthy subjects of Beijing area.Among them, 217 cases were male, average age was (50.0 ±14.3) years old;223 cases were female, average age was ( 49.0 ±14.0 ) years old.All of these serum samples were detected hs-cTnI using i2000 Abott biochemical analyzer and ARCHITECT STAT Abbott assay kit.And the 99th percentile upper reference limit was used as the reference interval.Non-parametric tests were used to compare the different groups, the U Mann-Whitney test was used between two groups, the Kruskal-Wallis test was used in many groups, and the correlation analysis was used Spearman method.Results The 99th percentiles of hs-cTnI in 440 apparently healthy subjects is 9.66 ng/L.While the male group is 9.66 ng/L, and the female group is 8.25 ng/L.The serum hs-cTnI level of male is higher than female ( 9.95 ng/L vs 8.25 ng/L, P<0.05 ).According to the spearman correlation analysis, the serum hs-cTnI level appears positive correlation with age, brain natriuretic peptide (BNP), alanine aminotransferase (ALT),aspartate transaminase ( AST) ,gamma-glutamyl transferase ( GGT) ,total bilirubin ( TBIL) ,serum creatinine ( SCR) , hemoglobin (HGB)(P<0.05,R>0),and appears negative correlation with platelet (PLT)(P<0.05,R<0).Conclusion The serum hs-cTnI level apparently differents with gender, so it is necessary to establish reference intervals among different gender group of Beijing area.

Objective: Our aim was to study the role of telomerase activation in the course of cervical carcinogenesis and progression.Methods:Telomeric repeat amplification protocol(TRAP) assay was used to measure telomerase activity in tissue samples with various cervical conditions:40 with cervical cancer, 50 with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia(CIN), 20 with normal cervice. Results:The positive rate of telomerase activity was 95.0%,44.0%, and 10.0% in cervical cancer, CIN, and normal cervices, respectively, which was significantly higher in cervical cancer than that in CIN and normal cervices, so was that in CIN than that in normal cervices (P<0.01) . The positive rate was 22.2%, 37.5%, and 75.0% in CINⅠ,Ⅱ, and Ⅲ, respectively, which was significantly higher in CINⅢ than that in CIN Ⅱand CINⅠ (P<0.01).Conclusion:Telomerase activation may relate to cervical carcinogenesis, which correlates well with the grade of cervical lesions.

Vincristine (VCR) is mainly used to treat acute lymphocytic leukemia, Hodgkin and non-Hodgkin lymphoma in clinic with definite therapeutic effect. But the obvious neurotoxicity and local stimulation of which limit its clinic use. In order to increase the lymph targeting to enhance the curative effect and to lower the adverse reaction of VCR, the VCR loaded transfersomes (VCR-T) were prepared with dry-film and ultrasonic dispersing methods, and the corresponding pharmaceutical properties, pharmacokinetical characteristics and the targeting ability were studied. The average particle size of VCR-T prepared was 63 nm with an entrapment ratio of 59%. The in vitro transdermal research with modified Franz cell showed that VCR-T permeated through the skin in accordance with polynomial equation, and with an accumulation permeation percentage of 67.4% up to 12 h. An HPLC method was utilized to determine the pharmacokinetics and tissue distribution of VCR. Compared with the iv injection of VCR solution, the retention time of VCR in blood was extended by 12 times with VCR-T, and the targeting index in rat lymph was increased by 2.75 times. As a result, transfersomes could penetrate the skin and enter into the systemic circulation carrying VCR with good lymph targeting ability, which makes it probably a new lymphtic targeting drug delivery system.
Administration, Cutaneous ; Animals ; Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic ; administration & dosage ; blood ; pharmacokinetics ; Area Under Curve ; Drug Delivery Systems ; Liposomes ; chemistry ; Lymph Nodes ; metabolism ; Male ; Particle Size ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Skin Absorption ; Spleen ; metabolism ; Surface-Active Agents ; chemistry ; Tissue Distribution ; Vincristine ; administration & dosage ; blood ; pharmacokinetics

OBJECTIVETo construct glypican-3 (GPC-3) short hairpin RNA (shRNA) and investigate the effects of GPC-3 transcription silencing on hepatoma cell invasion and angiogenesis mechanisms.

METHODSGPC-3-specific shRNA and non-target control shRNA were constructed and transfected into the human hepatoma cell lines HepG2, MHCC-97H, and Huh7. shRNA-mediated silencing of GPC-3 expression was confirmed at the mRNA and protein levels by fluorescence quantitative reverse transcription (FQRT)-PCR and western blotting, respectively. The effect of silenced GPC-3 expression on cell proliferation was detected by EdU and sulforhodamine B assays, on migration by wound healing (scratch) assay, on invasion by transwell chamber assay, and on apoptosis by luminescence assay of caspase-3/7 activity. The effect of silenced GPC-3 expression on angiogenesis-related signaling factors was detected by FQRT-PCR (for the glioma-associated oncogene homolog-1 hedgehog signaling factor, GLI1, and the beta-catenin Wnt signaling factor, b-catenin), immunofluorescent staining (for the insulin-like growth factor-II, IGF-II), and ELISA (for the vascular endothelial growth factor, VEGF). Pairwise comparisons were made by the independent sample t-test, and multiple comparisons were made by one-way ANOVA.

RESULTSIn all cell lines, transfection with the GPC-3-specific shRNA significantly reduced GPC-3 mRNA levels (% reduction as compared to the non-target control shRNA: HepG2, 89.2+/-6.0%, t = -25.753, P less than 0.001; MHCC-97H, 75.3+/-4.9%, t = -26.487, P less than 0.001; Huh7, 73.6+/-4.6%, t = -27.607, P less than 0.001); the GPC-3 protein levels were similarly reduced. The GPC-3 shRNA-silenced cells showed significantly reduced proliferative, migratory and invasive capacities, as well as significantly increased apoptosis. The shRNA-mediated GPC-3 silencing was accompanied by significant down-regulation of b-catenin mRNA (HepG2, 46.9+/-0.6%; MHCC-97H, 67.5+/-2.7%; Huh7, 56.3+/-8.4%) and significant up-regulation of GLI1 mRNA (HepG2, 49.2+/-28.6%; MHCC-97H, 54.6+/-24.4%; Huh7, 31.6+/-15.7%). At 72 h after transfection, the HepG2 cells showed significant down-regulation of VEGF protein (54.3+/-1.5%, t = 46.746, P less than 0.001).

CONCLUSIONGPC-3 contributes to migration, invasion, angiogenesis, and apoptosis of hepatoma cells, possibly through its interactions with the Wnt/b-catenin and Hedgehog signaling pathways. GPC-3 may represent a useful target for gene silencing by molecular-based therapies to treat hepatocellular carcinoma.

Apoptosis ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular ; blood supply ; metabolism ; pathology ; Caspase 3 ; metabolism ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Gene Silencing ; Glypicans ; genetics ; Humans ; Liver Neoplasms ; blood supply ; metabolism ; pathology ; Neoplasm Invasiveness ; Neovascularization, Pathologic ; RNA, Messenger ; genetics ; metabolism ; RNA, Small Interfering ; genetics ; Signal Transduction ; Transfection ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A ; metabolism ; beta Catenin ; metabolism

OBJECTIVETo analyze the clinical features of patients with newly diagnosed myeloma bone disease (MBD).

METHODClinical features of MBD in two hundred and five patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma (MM) were analyzed retrospectively. The relationship between outcome of different grades of MBD patients and their prognosis was compared.

RESULTS(1) Among the 205 patients, one hundred and fifty (72.7%) had bone pain as the first symptom. (2) According to X-ray evaluation, there were 23 (11.3%) of grade 0, 14 (6.9%) grade 1, 23 (11.3%) of grade 2, 68 (33.3%) grade 3 and 76 (37.2%) grade 4. (3) Patients with grade2-4 MBD had significantly higher ECOG performance score, marrow plasmacytes, marrow CD138(+) CD38(+) cell percentage and serum IL-6 level than those with grade 0 - 1 did (P < 0.05). Patients with grade 4 MBD presented with hypocalcemia (P < 0.05) more often than those with grades 0 - 3 diseases did. (4) There was no significant difference in response to initial induction chemotherapy among the five groups (P = 0.642). (5) Univariate analysis demonstrated that the time to progression (TTP) in grade 2 - 4 MBD groups was significantly shorter than that in grade 0 - 1 groups (P = 0.029). (6) Multivariable COX analysis did not indicate lytic bone changes was a independent prognostic factor for OS and TTP.

CONCLUSIONThere is a rather high incidence of MBD in MM patients in China. Patients with extensive X-ray bone lesions have more severe hematologic parameters than those without bone lesions did, and severe bone lesions is an important adverse prognostic factor for TTP.

Bone Diseases ; Bone Marrow ; Humans ; Interleukin-6 ; Multiple Myeloma ; Prognosis ; Retrospective Studies

Objective To summarize the characteristics of acupoints selection in acupuncture-moxibustion treatment of primary dysmenorrhea (PD) based on data mining. Method Clinical literatures published in the recent 10 years related to acupuncture-moxibustion treatment of PD were collected to establish a prescription database by using Excel. The descriptive analysis, association rules analysis and clustering analysis were conducted by Python and Clementine12.0. Result A total of 74 acupoints were involved with a total frequency of 1072. The leading three meridians were Spleen Meridian (325 times), Conception Vessel (260 times) and Bladder Meridian (158 times); the leading acupoints were Sanyinjiao (SP6, 174 times), Guanyuan (CV4, 111 times), Diji (SP8, 79 times), Ciliao (BL32, 73 times) and Qihai (CV6, 67 times). The utilization of the specific acupoints accounted for 66.22% (49/74). The crossing acupoints were predominant (393 times), especially Sanyinjiao, Guanyuan and Zhongji (CV3), followed by the five-Shu points (195 times), Front-Mu points (195 times) and Yuan-Primary points (99 times). The association rules analysis showed that Guanyuan and Sanyinjiao had the most significant correlation. The clustering analysis figured out 8 core clustering groups. Conclusion The characteristics of acupoints selection revealed in this study provide ideas and references for acupuncture-moxibustion treatment of PD in clinic.

Objective To label adipose-derived stromal cells (ADSCs) with different concentrations of ultrasmall superparamagnetic particles of iron oxide (USPIO) to investigate the biological characteristics of ADSCs treated with these USPIO,and determine the optimal concentration of USPIO in labeling ADSCs in vitro. Methods USPIO with different concentrations were prepared,and the particles were endocytosed by ADSCs generated from rat adipose tissue. Eight groups (negative control group,blank control group,and 11.25,22.5,45,90,135 and 180 μg/mL treatment groups) were chosen. Labeling efficiency and cellular uptake were analyzed by Prussian blue staining. Meanwhile,proliferation capacity and viability of ADSCs were evaluated by Alamar blue assay and Cell Counting kit-8. Results ADSCs could be effectively labeled with USPIO: approximately 95％ ADSCs were labeled when they were incubated with USPIO for 24 h under the concentration of USPIO was 45 μg/mL;and approximately 100％ ADSCs were labeled when the concentration of USPIO was 90 μg/mL and above. The CCK-8 and Alamar blue tests showed that USPIO of different concentrations (11.25-90 μg/mL) had little influence on cell growth viability,and no significant difference was noted between each 2 concentration groups (P＞0.05). In a word, 45-90 μg/mL USPIO were the optimal choice for transplantion of ADSCs in vivo. Conclusion ADSCs from the adipose tissue can be effectively labeled with USPIO with minimal effect on cell proliferation and viability.

This study is to establish an artificial neural network (ANN) for predicting blood tacrolimus concentration in liver transplantation recipients. Tacrolimus concentration samples (176 samples) from 37 Chinese liver transplantation recipients were collected. ANN established after network parameters were optimized by using momentum method combined with genetic algorithm. Furthermore, the performance of ANN was compared with that of multiple linear regression (MLR). When using accumulated dose of 4 days before therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) of tacrolimus concentration as input factor, mean prediction error and mean absolute prediction error of ANN were 0.02 +/- 2.40 ng x mL(-1) and 1.93 +/- 1.37 ng x mL(-1), respectively. The absolute prediction error of 84.6% of testing data sets was less than 3.0 ng x mL(-1). Accuracy and precision of ANN are superior to those of MLR. The correlation, accuracy and precision of ANN are good enough to predict blood tacrolimus concentration.
Adult ; Aged ; Drug Monitoring ; methods ; Female ; Humans ; Immunosuppressive Agents ; blood ; Linear Models ; Liver Transplantation ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neural Networks (Computer) ; Tacrolimus ; blood

OBJECTIVETo observe the effects of acute immobilization stress on the mRNA expression of tyrosine kinase B (TrkB) in rats' hippocampus.

METHODSEighteen SD rats were randomly divided into three groups, i.e., the normal control group, the model group, and the medication group, 6 in each group. The acute immobilization stress model was prepared in the model group using acute immobilization for 2 h. Ginsenoside Rb1 (40 mg/kg) was peritoneally injected to rats in the medication group 30 min before modeling, with the same procedure as those for rats in the model group. No treatment was performed to rats in the normal control group. The plasma adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) and corticosterone (CORT) contents were detected using ELISA. The mRNA expression of TrkB in the rats' hippocampus was detected using real-time fluorescence quantitative RT-PCR.

RESULTSBefore modeling there was no statistical difference of plasma CORT or ACTH concentrations among three groups (P >0.05). The plasma CORT and ACTH concentrations increased in the model group and the medication group more significantly after modeling than before modeling, showing statistical difference (P <0.05). Besides, they were obviously higher in the model group than in the normal control group (P <0.05). They were obviously higher in the medication group than in the model control group (P <0.05). Compared with the normal control group, the mRNA expression of TrkB significantly decreased in the model group (87.73 +/- 7.62 vs 50.65 +/- 5.19, P < 0.05), showing statistical difference. The mRNA expression of TrkB was significantly higher in the medication group (78.91 +/- 18.07) than in the model group, showing statistical difference (P <0.05).

CONCLUSIONPretreatment by ginsenoside Rb1 could increase the plasma CORT and ACTH concentrations, maintain the mRNA expression of TrkB, thus relieving injury induced by acute immobilization stress.

Adrenocorticotropic Hormone ; blood ; Animals ; Corticosterone ; blood ; Ginsenosides ; pharmacology ; Hippocampus ; metabolism ; Male ; RNA, Messenger ; genetics ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Receptor, trkB ; genetics ; metabolism ; Stress, Psychological ; metabolism