Objective To find out the state and characteristics of college students' mental health, and analyse the main factor affecting the mental health of college students. Methods This research investigated 1 350 college students sampled by random with the scale of Symptom Checklist 90(SCL-90), and compared the difference of mental health level between groups with the method of classifying comparison. Results The college students' total mean and factor score of SCL-90 were higher than those of youth norm in China, but 13.6% of college students had psychological problems worse than middle degree. After classifying comparison, the groups with higher score in SCL-90 total mean and factors were as follows: low grade, coming from single-parent family, having low degree of satisfaction with their specialty, feeling heavier stress in study, worse classmate relationship, not asking for help when having mental problem. Conclusion The factors which may affect the mental health level of college students are low grade, coming from single-parent family, having low degree of satisfaction with their specialty, feeling heavier stress in study, bad classmate relationship, and not asking for help when having mental problem.

Objective To report the design and manufacture of a novel orientation device of elbow rotation center.Methods The anatomical data of distal humeral elbow were obtained from 3 reports on the anatomy of the distal humerus retrieved from CNKI from 2004 through 2014.Software UGS.0 NX,CAD/CAM animation and video were used to design the 3D model of our novel orientation device of elbow rotation center.The glass fiber physical model of the device was manufactured using 3D printing technology.Five healthy volunteers were recruited for a simulated surgery experiment to test the efficacy and accuracy of the device,including 4 males and 1 female,from 25 to 36 years of age.Results No change was observed before and after the device was disinfected regarding the length (129 mm),width (116 mm) or height (215 mm),or other shapes.Satisfactory X-ray images of the elbow were obtained in the 5 volunteers.The fluoroscopy frequency required ranged from 6 to 11 times,averaging 8.2 times.The time needed for orientation ranged from 442.2 to 554 seconds,averaging 489.2 seconds.Conclusions Our self-designed orientation device can be used to accurately position and orientate the rotation center of elbow joint,showing its reasonable design.Glass fiber materials can be used to manufacture our orientation device.

Objective: To investigate the effect of helper T cells (Th1 and Th2) and its important significance in judging prognosis of patients with advanced lung cancer. Methods: Interferon-? (INF-?) and interleukin-4 (IL-4) in plasma and pleural effusion were detected by enzyme-linked immunoassay in patients with advanced lung cancer, IFN-? and IL-4 reflected activity of Thl and Th2 respectively. Results: The activity of Th1 in patients with advanced lung cancer was lower than that in normal persons in peripheral blood. For non-outstanding curative effect or progressive state of illness, the activity of Thl in patients of above 1 year survival time decreased in post-treatment than in pretreatment, the activity of Th2 increased in post-treatment. Conclusion: Activity of Helper T cells ( Th1, Th2 ) could be an important marker to diagnose lung cancer and judge prognosis in patients with advanced lung cancer.

Objective To investigate the possibility of pulp regeneration of different irreversible pulpitis with absorbable gelatin sponge as the scaffold,and dental seed cells,induced molecules and MTA closed.Methods 150 patients with irreducible pulpitis,who were removed the crown infection pulp and retained the root living pulp,according to the visiting sequence,were randomly divided into two groups.The experimental group was given absorbable gelatin sponge as the scaffold and MTA closed.The control group was given calcium hydroxide coverage.The symptoms situation and pulp situation were observed.Results 6 months after surgery,the success rate of acute pulpitis and chronic closed pulpitis in the experimental group was 76.5％ and 47.0％,which were significantly higher than those of the control group (14.3 ％,8.8％) (P ＜ 0.01).In the experimental group,the success rate of chronic hyperplastic pulpitis and chronic ulcerative pulpitis was 33.0％ and 35.0％,which were higher than those of the control group(9.1％,6.0％),but the differences between the two groups were not statistically significant (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion Pulp regeneration in vivo is possible with absorbable gelatin sponge as the scaffold and MTA,pulp regeneration of acute pulpitis and chronic closed pulpitis are more likely to induce.

Objective To assess the influence of timing of tracheostomy performed on ICU patientswith mechanical ventilation support for long-term.Methods A retrospective study was carried out in 94 patients under mechanical ventilation support with tracheostomy from January 2012 to October 2014.The patients were divided into early stage group (group A) in which the tracheostomy was done within 7 days after endotracheal intubation and late stage group (group B) in which the tracheostomy was performed at above 7 days after endotracheal intubation.The differences in lengths of mechanical ventilation support (MVS),ICU stay,and hospital stay,incidence of ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) and mortality were compared between two groups using nonparametric statistics.Results Compared with group B,there were statistically significant reduction in duration of mechanical ventilation (7d vs.17 d;P ＜ 0.05),shorter length of ICU stay (10 d vs.19 d;P ＜ 0.05),and lower incidence of VAP (21.05％ vs.36.84％;P ＜ 0.05) in group A.There were no significant differences in hospital stay and mortality between two groups (P ＞0.05).There was a correlation between the duration of mechanical ventilation and timing of tracheostomy (R2 =0.680) and a correlation between the length of ICU stay and the timing of tracheostomy (R2 =0.662) was found.Conclusions Early tracheostomy has a significant positive impact on critically ill patients hospitalized in this ICU.These results support the tendency to balance the risk-benefit analysis in favor of early tracheostomy.

BACKGROUND:There is controversial in choosing the treatment method for the treatment of traumatic subaxial cervical fracture-dislocation and spinal cord injury.
OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the clinical effect of implant internal fixation and Halo-vest external fixation on the stability after treatment of subaxial cervical fracture-dislocation.
METHODS:A retrospective analysis was conducted on 17 patients with subaxial cervical fracture-dislocation in the Department of Orthopedics, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical Col ege between January 2009 to December 2011, including 13 male patients and 4 female patients, the age was ranged from 21-65 years, average 41.6 years. There were six cases of high fal ing injury, three cases of crush injury and eight cases of traffic accident injury. The hospitalization time after injury was 2 hours to 5 days, average 2.5 days. Al the patients received Halo-vest external fixation under local anesthesia, then distraction gradual y, and received anterior decompression graft and titanium screw fixation under reduction. The treatment effect was evaluated
through Frankel classification and imaging examination.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Al the patients were fol owed-up for 12-24 months, average 15.4 months. Normal anteraposterior X-ray film showed fracture reduction, the cervical vertebra restored to the normal
sequence and physiological curvature;CT showed graft fusion without internal fixation fracture and loosing;
according to Frankel classification, marked effect (decreased for 2 grade) in five cases, effective (decreased for 1
grade) in 10 cases, and ineffective in two cases. Implant internal fixation combined with Halo-vest external fixation is safe and reliable in the instability fixation of subaxial cervical fracture-dislocation, and can better restore the spinal sagittal alignment.

OBJECTIVE To understand the drug-resistant status of Acinetobacter baumanii and provide scientific basis for infection treatment.METHODS Eight multidrug-resistant A.baumannii(MDR-AB) strains isolated from nosocomial inpatients in intensive care unit(ICU) were collected in May 2007 and tested for drug sensitivity and MIC determination as well.We typed A.baumannii isolates with pulsed-field gel electrophoresis(PFGE) to determine whether they derived from the same clone.RESULTS Four isolates from nosocomial inpatients were resistant to multiple antibiotics including carbapenem.The PFGE types identified from eight isolates were same.All A.baumannii isolates are closely related.CONCLUSIONS The prevalence of nosocomial infection is due to transmission of the same strains among the patients in ICU.This finding highly suggests that isolate 1 was the source of this nosocomial infection and the problem of hand hygiene maybe the main transmission route.

Objective To evaluate the value of hyomental distance (HMD) measured when the byoid was located using ultrasound in predicting the difficult airway.Methods Two hundred and thirteen patients of both sexes,aged 18-64 yr,with body mass index of 14-34 kg/m2,with interincisor distance ＞3 cm,with atlanto-axial joint mobility ＞ 90°,of Mallampati class Ⅰ-Ⅳ,of American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status Ⅰ-Ⅲ,scheduled for elective surgery requiring endotracheal intubation under general anesthesia,were enrolled in the study.The HMD was measured by fingers (finger breaths in width,HMDf) and by rulers (HMDr) when the hyoid was located artificially and when the hyoid was viewed on ultrasound (HMDu) before anesthesia induction.After anesthesia induction,the difficult airway was defined as Cormack-Lehane grade 3 or 4 assessed under direct laryngoscope during intubation.The hyoid viewed on ultrasound was considered as the criterion,and the error rate was calculated when the hyoid was located artificially.Youden Index was used to determine the optimal value in predicting difficult airway,and the specificity and sensitivity of HMDf,HMDr and HMDu in predicting difficult airway were calculated based on this criterion.Results The error rate was 18.8％ when the hyoid was located artificially.The specificity and sensitivity of HMDu in predicting difficult airway were 64.6％ and 91.5％,respectively.The specificity and sensitivity of HMDr in predicting difficult airway were 62.5％ and 84.8％,respectively.The specificity and sensitivity of HMDf in predicting difficult airway was 29.2％ and 98.2％,respectively.Conclusion The HMD measured when the hyoid is located using ultrasound can accurately predict the difficult airway.

BACKGROUND:The post-core crown system is an effective method for dental defect repair, but its repair outcomes are influenced by various factors;thereby, a further study is needed to optimize this method.OBJECTIVE:To investigate the stress distribution in different degrees of dental defect after post-core crown restoration under different occlusal contacts. METHODS:Three-dimensional models of the mandibular first molar were established by CT images, and models of complete natural teeth, six different defected teeth (total maxil ofacial slight and severe defects, distal middle maxil ofacial slight and severe defects, proximal middle maxil ofacial slight and severe defects) and two different post-core crowns (fiber post and zirconia post) were created by software. These models were imported into ANSYS software to analyze the stress distribution in dentin and periodontium under stable occlusal contact (ABC) and unstable occlusal contact (AC), respectively. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The stress in dentin and the periodontium after post-core crown restoration under AC was obviously higher than that under ABC, and AC affected the restored teeth more markedly. The post-core crown material with higher elastic modulus could induce higher stresses, and severe defected teeth showed higher stress distribution. Different defected types made no overt effects on the stress distribution in the periodontium. These results suggest that the B area contact is critical in regulating occlusal contacts of restoration.

Objective To observe the clinical effects of irbesartan combined with ambrette capsule for treatment of mild-to-moderate proteinuria in type 2 diabetic nephropathy. Methods Foutty-six patients with diabetic nephropathy( DN),who meet the diagnostic criteria for diabetes and DN diagnostic criteria which WHO promulgated in 1999 years,were randomly divided into control group(n =23)and treatment group(n =23) . Patients in control group were administrated conventional hypoglycemic drugs,lipid,calcium antagonists step-down and diet control,while in treatment group were administrated irbesartan(75 mg,1 times/d)combined with ambrette capsule(5 pills,3 times/d)on this basis. Both the treatment duration was 8 weeks. Urine protein,blood urea nitrogen( BUN),serum creatinine( SCr)and C reactive protein( CRP)were measured respectively before treatment and 8 weeks after treatment. Results After 8 weeks treatment,the total effective rate in treatment group was 87. 0%(20/23),higher than that of control group(52. 2%(12/23);χ2 =6. 571,P﹤0. 05). The CRP had decreased significantly in treatment group( from( 11. 7 ± 0. 9 ) mg/L to( 5. 8 ± 0. 3 ) mg/L ) which compared with control group(from(10. 1 ± 0. 6)mg/Lto(9. 8 ± 0. 4)mg/L;P﹤0. 05). But BUN and SCr had no significant difference compared with pre-treatment( P ﹥ 0. 05 ). Conclusion Irbesartan combine with ambrette capsule can significantly decrease the urine protein and regulate on the micro-inflammatory state. It is worthy of popularization and application.