Objective To explore how the different intervention measures affect the outcome of central venous catheter-related thrombosis (CRT) in children. Methods A retrospective analysis was carried out to collect the clinical data of patients with CRT from the nursing management system of the Children′s Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang University School of Medicine which reported by each nursing unit from January 1,2015 to December 31,2015. Results Totally 108 cases were included (72 boys and 36 girls), median age of 24.5 months (ranged from 1 month to 14 years old). Nearly 42.59% (46/108) patients suffered from neurological diseases. Nearly 55.56%(60/108) CRT was detected in the first week after catheterization. Once CRT conformed, there were four kinds clinical intervention options applied. Intervention 1: thrombolytic therapy with urokinase combined anticoagulation with nadroparin calcium. Intervention 2: anticoagulant therapy only. Intervention 3: thrombolytic therapy alone. Intervention 4: no medications. The differences of effective between the four kinds of intervention were statistically significant (χ2=13.380, P=0.004). The single-factor regression analysis was done to each relevant factor. Finally the multivariate regression analysis showed four factors had impacts upon the results. The factors were as follows:gender (OR=10.400, 95%CI 1.879-57.563, P=0.007);interval (OR=1.107, 95%CI 1.035-1.184, P = 0.003), size of thrombus(OR = 1.562,95%CI 1.033-2.362,P=0.035; Intervention 2 (OR =11.757, 95% CI 2.254- 61.327, P = 0.003), intervention 4 (OR = 35.397, 95% CI 3.493-358.760, P =0.003). Conclusions The earlier and small size thrombus is more soluble. Thrombolytic therapy or combined anticoagulation is more effective. It is recommended that if no contraindications presents, thrombolytic combined with anticoagulant therapy should start early standardized treatment.

OBJECTIVE:To systematically review the effectiveness and safety of olanzapine in the prevention and treatment of chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting(CINV),and provide evidence-based reference for clinical treatment. METHODS:Re-trieved from Medline,PubMed,EMBase,Cochrane Library,Clinical Trials.gov,CBM,CJFD,VIP and Wanfang Database,ran-domized controlled trials (RCT) about olanzapine (test group) versus other drugs or conventional antiemetic regimen (control group)in the prevention and treatment of CINV were collected,Meta-analysis was performed by using Rev Man 5.3 software after data extraction and quality evaluation by modified Jadad. RESULTS:Totally 19 RCTs were included,involving 1 794 patients. Re-sults of Meta-analysis showed,olanzapine can significantly improve the complete control rate of patients with acute CINV [RR=1.12,95%CI(1.06,1.18),P<0.001],delayed CINV[RR=1.26,95%CI(1.14,1.39),P<0.001],overall CINV [RR=1.62,95%CI (1.32,1.99),P<0.001] and breakthrough CINV[RR=2.05,95%CI(1.47,2.86),P<0.001],there were significant differences be-tween 2 groups;there were no significant differences in the incidence of tiredness,dizziness,lethargy and constipation(P>0.05). CONCLUSIONS:Olanzapine is safe and effective in the prevention and treatment of CINV and can be recommended in treating breakthrough and refractory CINV. Besides,olanzapine in the prevention and treatment of CINV belongs to“off-label use”,so the clinicians should have a comprehensive consideration of chemotherapy and patients’consent.

Objective To establish the magnetic activated cell sorting system(MACS)for isolation and incubation of human ovarian carcinoma-derived microvascular endothelial cells(ODMECs) and to observe their ability to form tubule-like structure(TLS) in vitro.Methods MACS was used to purify ODMECs with antiCD31 antibody and ODMECs were identified according to their morphological,biochemical and phenotypic characteristics.The ability of ODMECs to intake acetylated-low-density lipoprotein(DIL-acLDL) and Ulex europeaus agglutinin-1(UEA-Ⅰ) was assayed to observe the formation of TLS in vitro.Results Flow cytometry showed that the purity of ODMECs was up to 99.6%.The ODMECs were characterized by cobble stones,contact inhibition,expressed CD31,CD105 and FⅧ-Rag,and exhibited the ability to bind to UEA-1,intake DIL-acLDL and form TLS during incubation.Conclusion The MACS we established can be used to isolate and incubate human ODMECs and study the formation characteristics of TLS.

Objective To observe the pathological changes of bone hydatid cyst of meriones meridianus after radiation therapy,and to investigate the clinical effect of radiotherapy on bone hydatid disease.Methods Ascus was dissected sterilely from sheep liver that naturally infected with Echinococcus granulomas,sheared and sac skin removed.Then it was washed and precipitated with 0.9％ sterile saline for 3 times,and scolex was HE stained and counted,from which a 20 ml suspension was made containing 12 × 106/L of scolex.Health meriones meridianus (referred to as gerbil) 140,male and female were in each half,aged 2 to 3 months,body weight(38 ± 6)g,were involved in the study.Gerbil was injected a 0.2 ml suspension containing Echinococcus granulomas scolex into hind tibial periosteum,and X-ray was taken 12 months after the injection.According to the bone destruction in the vaccination site,gerbil hindleg tibia with clear jagged bone destruction was treated as inclusion criteria,and 72 animal were selected as gerbil bone hydatid disease animal models,male and female were in each half.A tatal of 72 gerbils were randomly divided into 4 groups:control group,40 beequerel(Gy) group,50 Gy group and 60 Gy group,18 rats in each group,male and female in each half.The model animals were treated with radiotherapy for 5 times,with 2 d interval,and radiation dose was 300 cGy/min.Each group of gerbils was sacrificed after radiotherapy,bone Echinococcus granulomas cysts was taken out sterilely,and observed by light and electron microscope.Intracapsular cyst fluid was extracted,washed and precipitated with 0.9％ sterile saline repeatedly,and and the pellet was HE stained for observation of scolex morphology and activity by light microscope.Results The morphology and activity ofEchinococcus granulomas in cystic fluid in control group were normal; the morphology and activity of Echinococcus granulomas were still normal in the 40 Gy group,and Echinococcus granulomas was not stained red; but those were abnormal,deformation and atrophy and stained red in the 50 Gy group; and were stained red,deformed,fractured and were wrapped by unknown in the 60 Gy group.By light microscope,the germinal layer,cuticle layer,brood capsule and histological structure of protoscolex were basically normal in irradiated region in the control group.The pathological changes of hydatid cyst in the 40 Gy group were mainly degeneration,structure of hydatid cyst was abnormal,stratum corneum was extensive edema,germinal layer became thinner and the fertile cyst was rare.The main pathological change of hydatid cyst in the 50 Gy group was that corneous layer was widely fractured,and the germinal layer was edema,buckling folds,cells decreased,rare seen brood capsule and scolex; the main pathological changes of hydatid cyst were mainly necrosis in the 60 Gy group,cuticle was extensive fault,stratum corneum and germinal layer was separated,germinal layer was atrophy and disorder,no brood capsule and scolex.By electron microscope,cuticle structure of Echinococcus granulomas cyst was clear,microvillus arranged neatly,morphology and structure of the cell and organelle in cytoplasm were normal in the control group.There were many inflammatory cells infiltrating germinal layer of Echinococcus granulomas cyst,microfilament and contents in microfilament were reduced in the 40 Gy group.Microvillus of Echinococcus granulomas disappeared,nuclear membrane was unclear,endoplasmic and mitochon eclasis,lymphocyte nuclear chromatin was clumping and edge set and in circular permutation in the 50 Gy group.Microvillus disappeared,perinuclear membrane indistinct and ruptured,parts of nucleoli were fragmented and marinated,endoplasmic reticulum was extensive expansion,mitochondria was pyknosis and obvious vacuolization,lymphocyte nuclear chromatin clumping and edge set,lysosomes and macrophage emerge in the 60 Gy group.Conclusions Radiotherapy can destroy the morphology and structure of bone hydatid cyst,radioactivity at 50 Gy has a lethal effect on hydatid cyst.Radiation treatment of bone hydatid disease has a good clinical effect.

OBJECTIVE: To observe the expression of discs large homolog 4 (DLG4) protein in hippocampus, amygdala and frontal cortex of rats and evaluate postsynaptic density in heroin dependence. METHODS: The rat heroin dependent model was established by increasing intraperitoneal injection of heroin. DLG4 proteins in hippocampus, amygdala and frontal cortex of heroin dependent 9, 18, 36 days rats were detected with immunohistochemical staining and compared with that in the control group. RESULTS: DLG4 proteins in hippocampus, amygdala and frontal cortex were gradually reduced with extension of heroin dependent time. CONCLUSION Heroin dependence can affect postsynaptic density of hippocampus, amygdala and frontal cortex. The changes become more apparent with extension of heroin dependence time.
Amygdala/metabolism* ; Animals ; Disks Large Homolog 4 Protein ; Frontal Lobe/metabolism* ; Heroin/pharmacology* ; Heroin Dependence ; Hippocampus/metabolism* ; Injections, Intraperitoneal ; Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins/metabolism* ; Membrane Proteins/metabolism* ; Rats

Objective To investigate the gender differences of glucose metabolic network in brains of healthy adults at resting state by 18F-FDG PET.Methods A total of 204 dextromanual,healthy individuals (104 males,average age:(53.45±11.51) years;100 females,average age:(54.11±12.09) years) were enrolled from June 2011 to June 2016 to construct brain metabolic networks.The nodal and global parameters,including clustering coefficient (Cp),characteristic path length (Lp) and betweenness centrality (Cb),were analyzed by graph theory.Permutation test with 1 000 repetitions was used.Results The brain metabolic networks derived from 18F-FDG PET data were with small-world properties in both male group and female group.Compared with Cb in females,Cb in males was significantly reduced in left postcentral gyrus,right angular gyrus and left temporal pole/middle temporal gyrus (permutation test,all P<0.05);and it was increased in left amygdala,left precuneus,right temporal pole/middle temporal gyrus and left inferior temporal gyrus (permutation test,all P<0.05).Comparing with the females,the male group had higher Cp and longer absolute Lp but without significant difference (permutation test,all P>0.05).Conclusions There are gender-related differences of topological structure in whole-brain metabolic networks.Gender should be considered as a covariate while designing experiments,accounting for cerebral metabolic data from normal control and experimental patients as well as making clinical decisions.

AIM: To investigate the effect of 188Re labeled monoclonal antibody on prostatic specific membrane antigen 7E11C5.3,radioimmunotherapy for the treatment of human prostate cancer cell line LNCaP in vitro.METHODS: 188Re-7E11C5.3 was prepared by direct 2-mercaptoethanol reduction method.Labeling efficiency and radiochemical purity was measured by paper chromatography.Immunoreactive fraction was determined by linear extrapolation.Cytotoxicity to LNCaP cells was determined by MTT assay.RESULTS: The labeling yield of 188Re-7E11C5.3 was(93.16?2.18)%,the radiochemical purity was(95.62?0.48)%,and the immunoreactive fraction was(74.86?1.86)%.The inhibitory effect of 188Re-7E11C5.3 on cell proliferation of LNCaP cells was significantly higher than that of 188Re-mIgG or 188ReO-4.The 50% inhibitory doses(IC50) of 188Re-7E11C5.3,188Re-mIgG,and 188ReO-4 were(23.38?3.73)?107 Bq/L,(59.21?8.02)?107 Bq/L and(68.89?10.91)?107 Bq/L,respectively.CONCLUSION: 188Re-7E11C5.3 can effectively inhibit the growth of in vitro cultured prostate cancer cells and shows much potential for prostate cancer radioimmunotherapy.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the significance of detecting specific serum IgG antibodies in clinical diagnosis of SARS as well as affecting factors.

METHODSEnzyme-linked immunoassay kit for SARS coronavirus antibodies developed by HuaDa Biological Company was applied to detect specific serum IgG from SARS patients and the production of SARS specific antibodies among patients of different age groups, sex and with or without steroid treatment were statistically compared.

RESULTSOut of 121 patients studied, 71.1% were SARS specific IgG positive. Patients younger than 15 years, between 15 to 59 years, older than 59 years had positive rates of 60.0%, 70.2%, and 85.7%, respectively with no statistically significance (P=0.766); patients with or without steroid treatment showed positive rates of 70.6% and 72.4%, respectively (P=0.84); patients exhibiting either severe or light syndromes showed positive rates of 78.1% and 67.4%, respectively (P=0.493); both male and female patients showed the same positive rate of 71.1%.

CONCLUSIONThe sensitivity of the SARS specific IgG kit utilized needs to be further improved. The production of SARS IgG is not notably correlated with sex, age, seriousness of symptoms, and steroid treatment.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Antibodies, Viral ; blood ; Child ; Female ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin G ; immunology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; SARS Virus ; immunology ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ; diagnosis ; immunology

OBJECTIVETo study the effect of laminarin polysaccharide (LP) on the activity of matrix metalloproteinase of photoaging skins.

METHODKunming SPF mice were prepared with back hair shaved, and randomly divided into the control group, the model group, the LP low does group (LP-L, 1 mg x kg(-1)), the LP high dose group (LP-H, 5 mg x kg(-1)) and the Vit E (100 mg x kg(-1)) group. They were abdominally injected with drugs twice on a daily basis. Except for the control group, all groups were exposed to ultraviolet rays for 1 hour every day, five times on a weekly basis, with accumulated exposure dose of UVB being 21.60 J x cm(-2) and accumulated exposure dose of UVA being 84.02 J x cm(-2). Eight weeks later, exposed back skins were collected to detect thickness of dermis by HE stain, content of hydroxyproline (Hyp) by chemical colorimetry, and serum MMP-1 and TIMP-1 content by ELISA. In addition, matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1) mRNA and relative content of tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP1) mRNA was analyzed with Real-time PCR.

RESULTCompared with the model group, the LP-H group could significantly increase the thickness of dermis, skin Hyp content and serum TIMP-1 level, and decrease relative content of MMP-1 mRNA in skin and MMP-1 content in serum.

CONCLUSIONLP can regulate the metabolism of collagen photoaging skins by adjusting the activity of matrix metalloproteinase.

Animals ; Female ; Glucans ; Matrix Metalloproteinase 13 ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; metabolism ; Mice ; Plant Extracts ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; Polysaccharides ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; RNA, Messenger ; genetics ; metabolism ; Skin Aging ; drug effects ; physiology ; radiation effects ; Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-1 ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; metabolism ; Ultraviolet Rays

Aflatoxins, found in contaminated food, are potent hepatocarcinogen. The aflatoxin-detoxiczyme (ADTZ) isolated from the edible fungus Armillariella sp., detoxifies aflatoxin B1 (AFB1). This paper reports on the characterization of immobilized ADTZ using a hydrophobic adsorption method. The ADTZ was isolated from cryo-homogenated fungus, previously cultivated at 24 - 28 degrees C for 20 - 30 days, using n-alkyl amino-agar beads. Various adsorption conditions of the enzyme to n-alkyl or n-octyl amino-agar beads were carried out. The effects of enzyme immobilization on different alkyl amino-agar beads, at different pH values (5.5 - 7.5), at different temperature (20 - 40 degrees C) and at different salt concentrations were investigated. The enzyme activity was measured at OD360 by reacting 133.3 ng/mL of AFB1 at 30 degrees C for 30 min with the immobilized ADTZ. The Km value of the immobilized enzyme, determined using Schematic Linewearver-Burk plot, is 3.308 x 10(-3) mol/L, lower than that of free enzyme, which is 2.16 x 10(-6) mol/L. This indicated the affinity of the detoxiczyme to AFB1 decreased after immobilization. The immobilized enzyme activity in oil-phase (n-hexane) was also studied with different concentration of water. After the treatment of the immobilized ADTZ, the toxin no longer causes liver toxicity in the rat toxicity test, no longer causes mutagenicity in Ames test and is no longer toxic in the chicken embryo test. Results also indicated that the pH stability, the thermostability and the freezing stability of ADTZ were improved after the immobilization.
Absorption ; Aflatoxin B1 ; metabolism ; toxicity ; Animals ; Chickens ; Enzyme Stability ; Enzymes, Immobilized ; chemistry ; metabolism ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Interactions ; Multienzyme Complexes ; chemistry ; metabolism ; Rats ; Temperature ; Toxicity Tests