BACKGROUND: Changes of leukocytes are related with some postoperative complications after renal transplantation. OBJECTIVE: To observe dynamically the level of white blood cell (WBC) and its morphological changes using automatic blood cell analyzer to evaluate its relationship with infection, immunosuppressive intoxation and acute rejection. DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING: Observation and controlled trial was performed at Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University from June 2004 to October 2005. PARTICIPANTS: Sixty-eight patients who received renal transplantation were selected. According to clinical symptoms and laboratory biochemical indexes, X-ray, B ultrasound, and renal puncture biopsy, the patients were divided into stable group (n=36), infection group (n=9), intoxation group (n=6) and acute rejection group (n=13). METHODS: The blood routine was tested with Sysmex XE-2100 automatic blood analyzer following renal transplantation and WBC manual differentiation was done to observe peripheral blood morphology, their liver function. In addition, renal and liver functions were detected by automatic biochemical system 7600A. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: WBC count and its morphological changes in peripheral blood and liver and renal function after renal transplantation. RESULTS: WBC count of the stable group and intoxation group was normal, and that of the acute rejection group and infection group were significantly higher than the stable group (P

Objective To study efficacy and safety of the levofloxacin in treatment of refractory pulmonary tuberculosis hemoptysis by meta analysis.Methods Pubmed (2000/2014-07),EMbase (2000/2014-07),the Cochrane library (2014,7),the Chinese biomedical literature database (2000/2014-07)were retrieved about the randomized controlled trials of levofloxacin in treatment of refractory pulmonary tuberculosis hemoptysis,and the time was limited from January 2000 to July 2014.After objective evaluation of the retrieved paper quality,Cochrane collaboration with Rev Man 5. 3 software system was applicated to Meta analysis.Results In six reports of the sputum negative rate,levofloxacin group was significantly higher,and the difference was statistically significant (OR=4.21,95%CI:3.08 ~5.75,P<0.0001);adverse reactions in three articles,the difference of adverse reactions incidence had no statistical significance (OR =0.82,95%CI:0.56 ~1.18,P =0.28)between experimental group and control group, respectively.Conclusion The clinical effect of levofloxacin in treatment of refractory pulmonary tuberculosis hemoptysis is significant with a high security, which gives a guidance for clinical treatment and is worth clinical promotion.

Objective To explore the clinical characteristics of pancreas damage in children with Henoch-Sch(o)nlein purpura (HSP).Methods The clinical data of 206 HSP patients was analyzed from February 2008 to July 2013.The serum and urine example was detected by the automatic biochemical analyzer and the clinical characteristics of them was analyzed.The pancreatic morphology of patients was observed by type-B ultrasonic,and the clinical feature of skin,joints,digestive tract and kidney damage were observed.The relationship between pancreas damage and other systems damage was analyzed.Results There was 58 cases suffering from pancreas damage in 206 HSP children:31 cases were male,27 cases were female.There was no patients with pancreatic edema and deformation of structure in 58 patients.The incidence of pancreas damage with HSP combined with abdominalgia patients was 39.7％ (50/126),which was obviously higher than that in the patients without abdominalgia 10.0％ (8/80) (x2 =14.355,P ＜ 0.01).The incidence of pancreas damage in mixed type of HSP [31.8 ％ (55/173)] was significantly higher than that in simple type of HSP [9.1％ (3/33)] (x2 =18.292,P ＜ 0.01).The mean hospital stay of the HSP patients with pancreas damage was 6-38 (10.39± 6.80) d,while without pancreas damage was 4-18 (8.51 ± 3.42) d,and there was no significant difference (t =5.790,P ＞ 0.05).Conclusions The HSP children usually combine with pancreas damage.If they have abdominalgia and multi-system damage,they are more likely to be accompanied with pancreas damage,which should be paid more attention.

Objective To evaluate the therapeutic effect of steam inhalation of ?2-adrenergic agents combined with anticholinergic agents for patients with chronic obstructive lung disease(COPD) acute attack.Methods 64 patients with COPD acute attack were divided into two groups at random.The control group were under regular treatment,the therapy group were treated with steam inhalation of ?2-adrenergic agents combined with anticholinergic agents besides regular treatment.Results Symptoms and pulmonary function showed distinctly better in therapy group than in control group.Conclusion Steam inhalation of ?2-adrenergic agents combined with anticholinergic agents is an efficacious way to treat the patients with COPD acute attack.

Objective To improve the purifying method of Jo-1 antigen from rabbit thymus used for detection of anti-Jo-1 antibody by dot-blotting immunoassay(DB).Methods The rabbit thymus glands were cut into pieces,homogenized and extracted by PBS.Total protein was precipitated by acetone to get acetone powder(RTAP).The RTAP was solved in PBS and separated by an by anti-Jo-1 IgG affinity column.Results 5～7 g RTAP was obtained from 100g rabbit thymus glands.There was 19%～24% of protein in RTAP.Jo-1 antigen was enriched around 1900 folds through affinity chromatography,with 2.5% recovery of antigenic activity.In this preparation,there were several bands on SDS-PAGE,but only one band about 50 ku,reacted with anti-Jo-1 antisera on immunoblotting.Dot-blotting also showed that the antigen only reacted with Jo-1 antisera.The purified Jo-1 antigen was not stable for long time,but the antigenic activity could maintain for a long time when there was MgCl2 in the solution.Conclusion Affinity chromatography was a simple and easy method for purifying Jo-1 antigen from rabbit thymus.The antigen purified by affinity chromatography could meet the requirement for detecting Jo-1 antibody bydot-blotting.

Objective To investigate the expression of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1(MCP-1)and CCR2 in peripheral blood and pleural fluid of tuberculous pleurisy patients.Methods Flow cytometry was used to detect the expression of CCR2 in the peripheral blood mononuclear cell and pleural fluid cell of tuberculous pleurisy patients;ELISA was used to detect the content of MCP-1 in serum and pleural fluid.Results MCP-1 in surem and pleural fluid and CCR2 in the peripheral blood mononuclear cell and pleural fluid cell of tuberculous pleurisy patients was significantly higher than that of the healthy normal controls[MCP-1:(340.8±220.8)and(9.0±3.8)ng/L,P＜0.01;CCR2(18.2±10.1)%and(6.9±3.5)%,P＜0.05];Both MCP-1 and CCR2 were detected in pleural fluid and both of them were positivley correlated(r=0.227,P＜0.05).Conclusion The expression of MCP-1 and CCR2 in peripheral blood of tuberculous pleurisy patient are significantly elevated which are significance molecule participating in the pathogenesis of tuberculous pleurisy.

Objective To investigate the expression of apoptosis-related proteins in rat cerebral cortex following traumatic brain injuries(TBI)and discuss the role of oxygen free radical-mitochondria signal pathway in Edaravone treating TBI.Methods A total of 180 male adult Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into TBI group,Edaravone treatment group and control group.Each group was divided into six subgroups at 1,3,6,24,48 and 72 hours after TBI.Edaravone treatment group was injected with Edaravone(10 mg/kg)and the other two groups injected with the same volume of 0.9%normal saline.The pathological change in the rat cortex following TBI was observed with HE staining.At different time points,the expressions of Cytc,Bcl-2 and Bax in rat cortex as well as cell apoptosis and MDA change were observed by means of immunohistechemistry,TUNEL and TAB.Results HE staining showed scattered degenerated and necrotic neurous in cerebral cortex six hours after neuron injury,which peaked at 24 hours.Compared with control group,intermediate product MDA of free radical was increased six hours after TBI and peaked at 48 hours in Edaravone treatment group,which was lower than TBI group especially at 24,48 and 72 hours(P＜0.05).Compared with control group,the immunity reaction of Cytc positive cells inereased at six hours and peaked at 24 hours in TBI group,with statistical difference at 3,6,24,48 and 72 hours(P＜0.05).Compared with TBI group,the immunity reaction of Cyte positive cells was decreased obviously at 24,48 and 72 hours in Edaravone treatment group.Hyperexcitability of Bcl-2 after TBI reached peak at 3 hours and decreased gradually.But the expression of Bax was increased gradually after TBI and peaked at 48 hours,when Bax/Bcl-2 reached peak too.Folowing TBI,TUNEL positive cells increased gradually and reached peak at 48 hours,with mainly type Ⅰ TUNEL cells before 24 hours and typeⅡTUNEL cells after 24 hours.Conclusions There exist necrosis and apoptosis of nerve cells in cortex after TBI,especially apoptosis.Oxygen free radical mitochondria is one of the signal transduction pathways of nerve cell apoptosis following TBI.Edaravone exerts certain therapeutic effect on TBI.

Objective To investigate the effect of electro-acupuncture at Guanyuanshu, Xinshu, Neiguan points on cardiac function after acute myocardial ischemia in rabbits. Methods A total of 36 rabbits were randomly divided into a control group, a model group and a treatment group. Acute myocardial ischemia was induced with Jugular vein injection of pituitrin. At 10 min before modeling, 1 hour and 1 week after modeling, the levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) and creatine kinase(CK) were determined respectively, the cardiac function was assessed as the maximum rate of left ventricular pressure rise(dp/dtmax)and the peak left ventricular pressure (LVSP). Results After 1 week of treatment, the serum levels of CK and MDA in the treatment group reduced significantly(120.21±10.67 U/L, 21.35±2.04 mmol/L], compared to the model group (162.37±13.21 U/L, 30.13±2.75 mmol/L) (all P<0.05);the dp/dtmax and LVSP decreased percentage in the treatment group (20%±2.43%, 7.22%±0.97%) decrease significantly compared to the model group (31.5%± 4.14%, 12.19%±2.21%) (all P<0.05). Conclusion Electro-acupuncture of Guanyuanshu, Xinshu, Neiguan acupoints can significantly improve cardiac function after acute myocardial ischemia and protect against acute myocardial ischemia in rabbits.

Objective To study the effects of panax notoginseng saponins (PNS)on rat superficial renal medulla cells after femoral fracture and to discuss the protective role of PNS in renal injury after fracture. Methods We divided 102 Wistar rats randomly into simple fracture group (n =36),fracture and medication group (n =36)and normal control group (n =30).In the former two groups 6 rats were respectively executed at 1,6,12, 24,36,48 h after fracture modeling,while 5 rats in normal control group were executed at the corresponding time points.Regular HE staining was used to observe pathological changes and TUNEL was used for apoptotic cells.And immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization were used to detect the expressions of Bcl-2 and Bax in superficial renal medulla tissues.Results In simple fracture group,mild granular degeneration could be seen in renal tubular epithelial cells of superficial renal medulla and the interstitial small vessels were slightly expanded and congested. Compared with simple fracture group,the lesions were slighter in fracture and medication group.In simple fracture group,Bcl-2 and Bcl-2 mRNA expressions were significantly higher than those in normal control group at 1 -36 h (P <0.01).Bax expression was higher than that in normal control group at 12-36 h (P <0.01),and Bax mRNA expression was higher than that in normal control group after 6 h after fracture (P < 0.01 ).In fracture and medication group,Bcl-2 expression was obviously higher than that in simple fracture group at 1 h (P <0.01),and Bcl-2 mRNA expression was higher than that in simple fracture group at 1 -48 h (P <0.01).Bax and Bax mRNA expressions were both lower than those in simple fracture group at 1 - 48 h (P < 0.01 ).Conclusion Fracture trauma has significant influences on protein expression and mRNA transcription of Bcl-2 and Bax in superficial renal medulla.PNS can upregulate anti-apoptosis gene Bcl-2 and downregulate pro-apoptosis gene Bax,thus playing the role of inhibiting tissue cell apoptosis.

Objective To optimize conditions for extraction of alkaloids from Evodia rutaecarpa by means of 732 cation exchange resin and performe its anti-breast cancer bioactivity.Methods The optimum processing route on extraction of alkaloids from Evodia rutaecarpa was investigated by means of 732 cation exchange resin.The performance of 732 cation exchange resin was compared with tranditonal process ( aqueous extraction-ethanol precipitation in extraction-purification process).The alkaloid reagent-potassium mercuric iodide test and MTT test were performed on the crudes.Results Compared with traditional purification process, it was much better to use 732 cation exchange resin approach for extraction of alkaloids from Evodia rutaecarp with high yield(16.81%) The best eluent should be saturated brine with excellent purification.No obvious correlations were found between the toxin of breast cancer cell and concentration of total alkaloids.When the concentration of total alkaloids was 50μmol/mL, cellular survival rate was 68%afterward 24 h.When the concentration of total alkaloids comes to 100 μmol/mL and 150 μmol/mL, cellular survival rates were slightly decreased by 66% and 60%.Conclusion 732 cation exchange resin performes much higher than traditional process in purification of total alkaloids extracted from Evodia rutaecarpa.Simultaneously, the extracted total alkaloids showe remarkable inhibition in breast cancer cell.