This study aims to investigate the effect of Chaijin Jieyu Anshen Formula on the neuroinflammation of rats with insomnia complicated with depression through the regulation of triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2(TREM2)/complement protein C1q signaling pathway. Rats were randomly divided into a normal group, a model group, a positive drug group, as well as a high, medium, and low-dose groups of Chaijin Jieyu Anshen Formula, with 10 rats in each group. Except for the normal group, the other groups were injected with p-chlorophenylalanine and exposed to chronic unpredictable mild stress to establish the rat model of insomnia complicated with depression. The sucrose preference experiment, open field experiment, and water maze test were performed to evaluate the depression in rats. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was employed to detect serum 5-hydroxytryptamine(5-HT), dopamine(DA), and norepinephrine(NE) levels. Hematoxylin and eosin staining and Nissl staining were used to observe the damage in nucleus accumbens neurons. Western blot and immunofluorescence were performed to detect TREM2, C1q, postsynaptic density 95(PSD-95), and synaptophysin 1(SYN1) expressions in rat nucleus accumbens, respectively. Golgi-Cox staining was utilized to observe the synaptic spine density of nucleus accumbens neurons. The results show that, compared with the model group, Chaijin Jieyu Anshen Formula can significantly increase the sucrose preference as well as the distance and number of voluntary activities, shorten the immobility time in forced swimming test and the successful incubation period of positioning navigation, and prolong the stay time of space exploration in the target quadrant test. The serum 5-HT, DA, and NE contents in the model group are significantly lower than those in the normal group, with the above contents significantly increased after the intervention of Chaijin Jieyu Anshen Formula. In addition, Chaijin Jieyu Anshen Formula can alleviate pathological damages such as swelling and loose arrangement of tissue cells in the nucleus accumbens, while increasing the Nissl body numbers. Chaijin Jieyu Anshen Formula can improve synaptic damage in the nucleus accumbens and increase the synaptic spine density. Compared to the normal group, the expression of C1q protein was significantly higher in the model group, while the expression of TREM2 protein was significantly lower. Compared to the model group, the intervention with Chaijin Jieyu Anshen Formula significantly downregulated the expression of C1q protein and significantly upregulated the expression of TREM2. Compared with the model group, the PSD-95 and SYN1 fluorescence intensity is significantly increased in the groups receiving different doses of Chaijin Jieyu Anshen Formula. In summary, Chaijin Jieyu Anshen Formula can reduce the C1q protein expression, relieve the TREM2 inhibition, and promote the synapse-related proteins PSD-95 and SNY1 expression. Chaijin Jieyu Anshen Formula improves synaptic injury of the nucleus accumbens neurons, thereby treating insomnia complicated with depression.
Animals ; Male ; Rats ; Nucleus Accumbens/metabolism* ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal/administration & dosage* ; Depression/complications* ; Membrane Glycoproteins/genetics* ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders/complications* ; Neurons/metabolism* ; Receptors, Immunologic/genetics* ; Signal Transduction/drug effects* ; Synapses/metabolism*

AIM To evaluate the habitat suitability of Hedysari Radix based on MaxEnt model and ArcGIS.METHODS Using the MaxEnt model to screen the ecological factors affecting the distribution of Hedysari Radix,an evaluation model was thus established.ArcGIS software was used to evaluate the ecological suitability of Hedysari Radix to obtain the data about the highly suitable area,the moderate suitable area,the low suitable area and non-suitable area for its growth in China.RESULTS Hedysari Radix found its 1.29×106 km2 suitable area in China,among which the highly suitable area was 5×104 km2,mainly in Gansu Province,the moderately suitable area was 3.38×105 km2,and the low-suitable area was 9×105 km2,occupying 4.03%,26.20%and 69.77%of all,respectively.The main ecological factors affecting the distribution of Hedysari Radix were determined to be altitude,precipitation in the hottest quarter,solar radiation in September and December,seasonal temperature variation deviation and basic saturation of upper soil(0-30 cm).CONCLUSION With its result complying well with the literature records,this study provides theoretical basis for the introduction and cultivation of Hedysari Radix,and sustainable utilization of resources as well.

Animals ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Antibodies, Neutralizing ; Macaca mulatta ; COVID-19/prevention & control* ; Antibodies, Viral ; Vaccines

To study the effects of different drying methods on the quality of male flowers of Eucommia ulmoides(MFOEU), we treated fresh MFOEU samples with drying in the shade(DS), vacuum freeze drying(VFD), high-or low-temperature hot air drying(HTHAD, LTHAD), microwave drying(MD), and vacuum drying(VD), respectively. The color, total flavonoid content, total polysaccharide content, and main active components such as geniposide, geniposidic acid, rutin, chlorogenic acid, galuteolin, pinoresinol diglucoside, and aucubin in MFOEU were taken as the evaluation indicators. The quality of MFOEU was comprehensively evaluated by entropy weight method combined with color index method, partial least squares discriminant analysis and content clustering heat map. The experimental results showed that VFD and DS basically kept the original color of MFOEU. The MFOEU treated with MD had higher content of total polysaccharides, phenylpropanoids, lignans, and iridoids. The MFOEU treated with LTHAD had higher content of total flavonoids and that treated with VD had lower content of active components. According to the results of comprehensive evaluation, the quality of MFOEU dried with different methods followed the order of MD>HTHAD>VFD>LTHAD>DS>VD. Considering the color of MFOEU, the suitable drying methods were DS and VFD. Considering the color, active components, and economic benefits of MFOEU, MD was the suitable drying method. The results of this study are of a reference value for the determination of suitable methods for MFOEU processing in the producing areas.
Eucommiaceae/chemistry* ; Flowers/chemistry* ; Flavonoids/analysis* ; Rutin/analysis* ; Chlorogenic Acid/analysis*

Objective: Moxifloxacin (MFX) shows good activity against and can be a possible antibiotic therapy to treat infection; however, other studies have shown a lower or no activity. We aimed to evaluate MFX activity against using zebrafish (ZF) model . Methods: A formulation of labeled with CM-Dil was micro-injected into ZF. Survival curves were determined by recording dead ZF every day. ZF were lysed, and colony-forming units (CFUs) were enumerated. Bacteria dissemination and fluorescence intensity in ZF were analyzed. Inhibition rates of MFX and azithromycin (AZM, positive control) were determined and compared. Results: Significantly increased survival rate was observed with different AZM concentrations. However, increasing MFX concentration did not result in a significant decrease in ZF survival curve. No significant differences in bacterial burdens by CFU loads were observed between AZM and MFX groups at various concentrations. Bacterial fluorescence intensity in ZF was significantly correlated with AZM concentration. However, with increasing MFX concentration, fluorescence intensity decreased slightly when observed under fluorescence microscope. Transferring rates at various concentrations were comparable between the MFX and AZM groups, with no significant difference. Conclusion MFX showed limited efficacy against using ZF model. Its activity needs to be confirmed.
Animals ; Anti-Bacterial Agents ; pharmacology ; Disease Models, Animal ; Moxifloxacin ; pharmacology ; Mycobacterium Infections, Nontuberculous ; drug therapy ; Mycobacterium abscessus ; drug effects ; Zebrafish

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of continuous adductor block on pain control after bilateral knee joint Ⅰ stage replacement. METHODS: A retrospective analysis was made of the data of 24 patients with bilateral knee joint I stage replacement who were treated in our hospital from January 2018 to January 2019, and who underwent continuous adductor block analgesia. There were 6 males and 18 females, aged 60 to 72 (65.05±5.82) years old. The patients underwent continuous block of adductor canal with patient-controlled analgesia system. At 4, 6, 12, 24, 36 and 48 hours after operation, visual analogue score(VAS) of resting state and passive motion state was performed;the knee joint activity was followed up for 1 week, 1, 3 and 6 months after operation;the knee joint function was scored at 6 months after operation, using the knee joint scoring standard of American Special Surgery Hospital(HSS);adverse reactions and complications were recorded. RESULTS: The VAS scores under resting state and passive motion state at each time point were less than 3 points in patients with continuous adductor block. The patients had better postoperative exercise of knee joint activity. The score of HSS was excellent in 20 cases, good in 2 cases, fair in 1 case and poor in 1 case. There were only 4 cases of nausea and vomiting, none of them had serious adverse reactions and complications such as bradycardia and deep vein thrombosis. CONCLUSION Continuous adductor block has a significant effect on pain control and less adverse reactions after bilateral knee jointⅠ -stage replacement.
Aged ; Arthroplasty, Replacement, Knee/adverse effects* ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Nerve Block ; Pain Management ; Pain, Postoperative ; Retrospective Studies

OBJECTIVETo investigate the inhibitory effect of decitabine (DAC) in various dosages on the proliferention of MDS-RAEB cell line MDS-L and its mechanism.

METHODSLC-MS/MS method was used to test the blood DAC concentration of 2 groups of MDS patients being treated with DAC 20 and 15 mg/m×5 d. In according to the various blood DAC concentration levels, the MDS-L cells were treated with different DAC dosages for 24, 48, 72 and 96 h, respectively. The CCK-8 method was applied to determine the cell proliferation, the flow cytometry was used to analyze the cell cycle and cell apoptosis changes, the P15DNA methylation status was measured by methylation specific PCR using EZ DNA Methylation-Gold Kit.

RESULTSThe blood DAC concentration of MDS patients treated with DAC 20 mg/m×5 d was 174.08±80.15(84.7-311) ng/ml, which was significantly higher than 89.87±32.94(43.2-165)ng/ml for the group treated with 15 mg/m×5 d (P=0.014). DAC could notably inhibit the proliferation of MDS-L cells, and the effect was in dose- and- time-dependent manner(r=0.786). However, when DAC concentration was ≥0.1 µg/ml, the proliferation inhibition rates were not significantly different between various dosages. After DAC treatment, MDS-L cells in Gphase increased notably, while cells in S phase decreased significantly. Also, the P15DNA methylation status of MDS-L cells decreased after being treated with DAC for 96 h, but the difference was not significant between various dosages.

CONCLUSIONDAC can significantly suppress MDS-L cell proliferation, block MDS-L cells in Gphase and induce the apoptosis at low concentration (0.1-0.2 µg/ml).

OBJECTIVETo explore the features of immunophenotypes and the characteristics of molecular biology and cellular genetics of AML patients with CD7 and CD4 expression.

METHODSThe immunophenotypical markers of AML cells were detected by multiple parameter flow cytometry; the expression of WT1, MDK, ETO, PML-RaRa and BCR-ABL were detected by RT-PCR; and cellular features were analyzed by R-band in 304 patients. The patients were divided into three groups according to their immunophenotypes: AML with CD7 expression (CD7 group), AML with CD4 expression(CD4 group) and AML without CD7 and CD4 expression (common AML group).

RESULTSThe expression rate and level of HLA-DR in CD7 group were higher than those in the common AML group, and the expression rate of CD33 and CD34 was higher than that in the other two groups. The expression rate and level of CD15, CD64 in the CD4 group were higher than those in the other 2 groups, and the expression rate and level of CD33 were higher than those in the common AML group. WT1 expression in the CD7 group was lower than that in the common AML group. PML-RaRa was not detected in the CD7 group. AML with co-expression of CD4 or CD7 showed more normal karyotype. (15;17) was not found in AML with CD7 expression.

CONCLUSIONAML cells with CD7 expression originate from precursor cells and are blocked in the early phase of hematological development; AML cells with CD4 expression originate from more mature stage of hematological devevelopment and with CD33, CD64 and CD15 high expression; AML cells with CD7 and CD4 expression are characterized by no-specific change of cellular genetics. According to the expression level and intesity of CD4 and CD7, and together with other specific lineage markers, the MRD in AML patients can be quantitatively detected.

BACKGROUND: Triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells-1 (TREM-1) is a cell surface receptor expressed on neutrophils and monocytes. TREM-1 acts to amplify inflammation and serves as a critical mediator of inflammatory response in the context of sepsis. To date, the predisposition of TREM-1 gene polymorphisms to septic shock has not been reported. This study was designed to investigate whether TREM-1 genomic variations are associated with the development of septic shock. METHODS: We genotyped two TREM-1 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs, rs2234237 and rs2234246) and evaluated the relationships between these SNPs and septic shock on susceptibility and prognosis. RESULTS: TREM-1 rs2234246 A allele in the promoter region was significantly associated with the susceptibility of septic shock in recessive model (AA, OR=3.10, 95％Cl 1.15 to 8.32, P=0.02), and in codominant model (AG, OR=0.72, 95％Cl 0.43–1.19, P=0.02; AA, OR=2.71, 95％Cl 1.00–7.42;P=0.03). However, in three inherited models (dominant model, recessive model, and codominant model), none of the assayed loci was significantly associated with the prognosis of septic shock. The non-survivor group demonstrated higher plasma IL-6 levels (99.7±34.7 pg/mL vs. 61.2±26.5 pg/mL, P<0.01) than the survivor group. Plasma concentrations of IL-6 among the three genotypes of rs2234246 were AA 99.4±48.9 pg/mL, AG 85.4±43 pg/mL, and GG 65.3±30.7 pg/mL (P<0.01). The plasma concentrations of IL-6 in patients with AA genotypes were significantly higher than those in patients with GG genotypes (P<0.01). CONCLUSION: TREM-1 genetic polymorphisms rs2234246 may be significantly correlated only with susceptibility to septic shock in the Chinese Han population.

Objective To explore the effect of "peer mentor" teaching mode on nursing students'psychological stress in early clinical practice (three months).Methods One hundred and sixty nursing students were randomly divided into the study group and the control group,each with 80 cases.The study group received "peer mentor" teaching mode,and the control group received convention teaching mode.The Symptom Checklist-90 (SCL-90),Self-rating Anxiety Scale (SAS),Self-rating Depression Scale (SDS) were used to evaluate the students' psychological state.The clinical comprehensive skill was assessed after 12 weeks.Results The cases of normal,mild anxiety,moderate anxiety,severe anxiety according to SAS were respectively 51,20,8,1 in the study group,and 33,30,13,4 in the control group respectively,and the difference was statistically significant (x2 =8.275,P ＜ 0.01).The cases of normal,mild depression,severe depression,moderate depression numbers according to SDS were respectively 51,20,8,1 in the study group,and 34,31,12,3 in the control group respectively,and the difference was statistically significant (x2 =4.971,P ＜ 0.05).The differences were statistically significant in the interpersonal sensitivity (x2 =5.71,P ＜ 0.05),hostile (x2 =5.13,P ＜ 0.05)and paranoid (x2 =4.78,P ＜ 0.05) between the two groups.In the clinical practice,cooperation consciousness,love consciousness,psychological ability,interpersonal communication ability,health education ability and the evaluation feedback in the study were better than those of the control group,and the differences were statistically significant (x2 =9.49,10.25,11.62,6.32,8.07,7.17,respectively; P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions Peer mentor teaching mode can reduce students' psychological stress in early clinical practice,and help to improve practice quality.