Objective To measure the fractional anisotropy(FA) values in the language function areas(Broca area,Wernicke area and arcuate fasciculus)by diffusion tensor imaging(DTI),discussing the pathological characteristics in cerebral palsy children with language development delay.Methods DTI was performed in twenty-seven cerebral palsy children with language development delay(observation group) and 20 children with febrile seizures(control group) by Philips 3.0T MRI scanner.The FA values of Broca area,Wernicke area and arcuate fasciculus were measured at Philips Workstation.Results The FA values of control group in the left Broca area,Wernicke area and arcuate fasciculusis were higher than those of the right side,and the difference was statistically significant (all P ＜ 0.05).The FA value of observation group in the left Broca area was lower than that of the right side,and the difference was statistically significant (P ＜ 0.05);the FA values of observation group in the left Wernick area and arcuate fasciculusis were higher than those of the right side,but the difference was not statistically significance (all P ＞ 0.05).The FA values in the bilateral Broca area and arcuate fasciculusis of observation group were lower than those of the control group,the difference was statistically significant (P ＜ 0.05),those in the bilateral Wernick area were also lower than the control group,but the difference was not statistically significant (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusions The main pathogenesis for language development delay in cerebral palsy children was extensive damage in language functional areas,and Broca area and arcuate fasciculus were markedly impaired than Wernick area.

5 13. 9 mmol/L two days after STZ( 60 mg/kg) administration. Age-matched normal rats received 3 ml/kg bw 0. 9% saline as control group. The expression of PKC isoforms in control and diabetic glomerular cells was assessed by immunohistochemistry at 2 weeks, 4 weeks and 12 weeks after the onset of hyperglycemia. Results Immunohistochemistry revealed a significant increase of the expression of PKCa in glomeruli cells at 2 weeks, 4 weeks and 12 weeks. A significant decrease of PKCB1,B2 in glomerular cells at 2 weeks and a gradually increase at 4 weeks and 12 weeks were found; No significant change of the expression of PKC e in the diabetic glomerular cells was observed. Conclusions The expression of PKCa, B1,B2 e isoforms varies in different stages of diabetic nephropathy. The effect of PKC isoforms on the pathogenesis of diabetic nephropathy is different.

There are some widely discussed issues on xenotransplatation, such as animals'moral rights, allocation of medical resources and endangering public health,etc. The article raises four critical ethical issues, e.g. harm-benefit thresholds, informed consent from research patients, informed consent from third-party groups and oversight and approval of clinical trials as the prerequisites to initiation of clinical trials of xenotransplatation.

Objective To discuss the clinical features of non-conclusion seizures(NCS)in infants less than 1 -year-old,and the diagnostic and differential diagnostic value of video electroencephalography (VEEG).Methods A total of 30 NCS patients were took the regular electroencephalography at the first 20 minutes before VEEG monitoring which continued 2 to 4 hours in order to compare the differences between the two monitoring methods,then all patients were taken follow-up after one month,two months,and three months.Results Three cases attacks(accounting for 10.0%)were found by regular electroencephalograph-y,while 23 attacks(accounting for 76.7%)were found by VEEG following no epileptic discharge,either.All patients were found to be corporality NCS,having no psychogenic NCS,among which,19 patients(accounting for 63.3%)were non epileptic tonic-closure seizures,including 2 patients always keeping eyes staring at somewhere,2 patients gritted teeth or grinned,1 patient often put head back,1 patient stretched the neck or necking down,2 patients shrug his shoulders,9 patients shook head,and another 2 always put forth his strength, with or without stiffness,limb jitter,or made face red;on the other,7 patients (accounting for 23.3%)were benign myoclonus,another 4(accounting for 13.3%)were benign non epileptic infant spasm,no other types were found.Nobody had any antiepileptic therapies,15 of them have no more attacks in less than one month,7 in two months,1 in three months,and another 7 appeared occasionly under the conditions of great happiness,extreme an-ger or been raged.Conclusion VEEG have irreplaceable diagnostic and differential diagnostic value in infants less than 1 -year-old with NCS,and play an important role in monitoring the development of NCS.

Adult ; Burns, Chemical ; complications ; Humans ; Male ; Nitriles ; Peripheral Nerve Injuries ; etiology

Animals ; Animals, Newborn ; Blotting, Western ; Brain ; metabolism ; Disease Models, Animal ; Hypoxia, Brain ; metabolism ; Immunohistochemistry ; Myelin Proteins ; genetics ; immunology ; metabolism ; Nogo Proteins ; RNA, Messenger ; metabolism ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Time Factors

Objective To investigate the effect of cognitive intervention on language function and quality of life (QOL) in elderly patients with post-stroke aphasia.Methods Fifty-five elderly patients with post-stroke aphasia were randomly divided into the control group (n =27) and the experimental group (n=28).The control group received comprehensive treatment including speech-language therapy (SLT),while the experimental group was subjected to additional cognitive intervention.All patients were enrolled in an eight-week rehabilitation program.The mini-mental state examination (MMSE) was used to assess cognitive function,a device for diagnosis and treatment of language disorders,ZM 2.1,was used to evaluate language function,and the 36-item short-form health survey (SF-36) (Chinese version) was used to assess quality of life (QOL),before and after treatment.Results After treatment,MMSE scores,language function scores in all categories and QOL scores in all dimensions improved in both groups (P＜0.05 for both).Furthermore,after treatment,there were significant differences between the two groups in MMSE scores of orientation,recall,attention and calculation,and in scores of overall language ability and the individual categories (P＜0.05 for all).Scores of the experimental group vs.the control group for the individual categories of language function were as follows:simple instructions (76.6 ± 14.1 vs.67.4± 19.3),complex instructions (66.1±12.8 vs.58.2±14.9),yes or no (72.5±12.1 vs.63.0±14.1),naming (55.0 19.5 vs.43.3±22.2),simple comprehension (67.5±21.4 vs.55.620.6),complex comprehension (44.8±17.0 vs.35.0±18.9),listening and reading words (65.4±16.7 vs.53.7±19.3),calculation (39.3±25.8 vs.25.9±19.2),memory (36.4±18.7 vs.26.3±17.8),matching (75.9±18.6 vs.65.3±17.1),simple general knowledge (68.3±18.2 vs.58.0±19.5),complex general knowledge (58.7±17.4 vs.50.0±13.3),orientation (70.7±19.6 vs.60.5±17.2) and comparison (59.9± 14.6 vs.50.2±17.5) (P＜0.05 for all).There were significant differences between the two groups in emotional function (66.7±18.2 vs.53.1±21.2),general health (67.2±12.6 vs.60.7±9.8),mental health (71.0±5.6 vs.63.1±4.2),social functioning (64.7±9.0 vs.59.3±10.2) and vitality (55.4±14.8 vs.46.9±15.6) (P＜0.05 for all).Conclusions Cognitive intervention combined with SLT can contribute to the recovery of language function and the improvement of QOL in elderly patients with post-stroke aphasia.

BACKGROUND: Prognosis is determined by degrees of outside force and time of spinal cord compression after spinal cord injury. The former factor cannot be changed, but the latter one can be changed through relieving spinal cord compression as early as possible to promote nervous function recovery.OBJECTIVE: To compare the effect of surgical intervention time on nervous function recovery within 72 hours and 10 to 14 days after cervical spinal cord injury.DESIGN: Randomized controlled and before-after controlled study.SETTING: Department of Spine Surgery of the Second Hospital affiliated to Harbin Medical University.PARTICIPANTS: A total of 32 patients with cervical spinal cord injury were selected from the Department of Spine Surgery of the Second Hospital affiliated to Harbin Medical University from April 1998 to August 2001.All patients were divided into two groups according to randomly alternative criteria. There were 16 cases including 10 males and 6 females in early surgical group (within 72 hours) and there were also 16 cases including 12males and 4 females in delayed surgical group (within 10-14 days).METHODS: Patients in early surgical group were undertaken operation at 72 hours after hospitalization, and patients in delayed surgical group were at 10-14 days after hospitalization. Frankel grade, sensory and motor scores were recorded according to criteria set by American Spinal Injury Association before operation and within 24 months after operation.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: ① Sensory and motor scores before and after operation; ② Frankel grade before and after operation.RESULTS: ① Improved level of sensory score (difference before and after operation) was higher in early surgical group than that in delayed surgical group (42.6±20.2, 19.2±19.1, P ＜ 0.01). ② Improved level of motor score (difference before and after operation) was higher in early surgical group than that in delayed surgical group (39.7±17.8, 17.3±18.6, P ＜ 0.01). ③Improved level of Frankel grade in early surgical group was superior to that in delayed surgical group (P ＜ 0.01).CONCLUSION: Nervous function recovery of patients with acute cervical spinal cord injury who were suffered from operation within 72 hours is superior to that of those within 10 to 14 days. Therefore, surgical intervention should be undertaken as early as possible in order to promote nervous function recovery after cervical spinal cord injury.

Acute Disease ; Humans ; Industry ; legislation & jurisprudence ; Occupational Diseases ; prevention & control ; Poisoning ; prevention & control ; Social Control, Formal

Objective To assess the predictive value of serum uric acid levels to the incident nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)in a cohort of healthy population. Methods A prospective cohort study of NAFLD incidence was conducted in Xinjiang province, from 2012 to 2014. A cohort study was performed on 2 207 subjects with no evidence of fatty liver disease by liver ultrasound and with no major risk factors for liver disease at baseline. All participants were interviewed to carry out the epidemiological questionnaire survey, physical examination, abdominal ultrasonography, as well as blood biochemistry measurements. The hazard ratios of NAFLD were compared among groups with different uric acid levels. All subjects were classified according to serum uric acid (within normal range grouped by quartile: Q1-Q4 group; above the normal range: Q5 group). Results NAFLD was newly diagnosed in 13.72% subjects within the 3-year period. The incidence of NAFLD was increased with elevated serum uric acid quartiles(P<0.01). In multivariate logistic regression, after adjustment for gender, age, race, metabolic syndrome and its components, OR for incident fatty liver in Q2 to Q5 of serum uric acid concentration as compared to Q1 were 2.509, 3.172, 3.392, and 4.041 respectively. Conclusion Elevated serum uric acid concentrations may predict NAFLD in the subjects for a regular health checkup.