Objective To explore the nicotine dependence levels and the influencing factors of dependence among rural-to-urban migrant workers in Shanghai so as to provide scientific rationales for an effective implementation of tobacco control.Methods Multi-stage randomized sampling was used to select a total of 5 856 rural-to-urban migrant workers from 7 districts in Shanghai.Fagerstrom Test for Nicotine Dependence ( FTND) and logistic regression model were used to analyze the association between nicotine dependence and relevant risk factors.Results The current smoking prevalence was 23.7%.The average FTND score for current smokers , high dependence and low dependence were 3.38 ±2.49, 7.00 ±1.07 and 2.23 ±1.71 respectively.The high and low dependence rates were 21.7% and 78.3%.The results of logistic regression showed that education , duration of smoking and length of migration were associated with nicotine dependence.Lower level of education was more prone to high nicotine dependence.Those with a lower education had a higher risk of nicotine dependence ( junior high school: OR=1.742, primary school or lower: OR =1.994 vs.senior high school or higher ).High nicotine dependence increased with the duration of smoking (smoking 6-10 years:OR=3.007, 11-15 years:OR=4.076, 16-20 years:OR=5.451, 20 years or more:OR=5.726 vs.5 years or less).Length of migration over 3 years was less likely to have a high nicotine dependence (3-5 years: OR=0.602, more than 5 years: OR=0.407 vs.<1 year) .Conclusion The rate of high nicotine dependence is high among rural-to-urban migrant workers in Shanghai.Level of education , duration of smoking and length of migration are significant influencing factors of nicotine dependence.

Objective To survey the mental health status of rural-to-urban migrant workers in Shanghai.Methods The survey subjects were selected from migrant workers in Shanghai with a multi-stage stratified cluster sampling method.The Symptom Check List ( SCL-90 ) scores were used for evaluation of metal health status.Results The prevalence of mental health problem of 5 626 rural-to-urban migrant workers in Shanghai was 18.8% ( 1 058/5 626 ).The mean total score of SCL-90 was 114.86 ±31.21.Compulsive-obsessive, interpersonal sensitivity, hostility ranked the top three among 9 factors, with scores of 1.37 ±0.43, 1.31 ±0.43 and 1.30 ±0.41 respectively.The mean total scores and scores of 9 factors of rural-to-urban migrant workers in Shanghai were lower than those of Chinese adults norm the mean total scores(129.96 ±38.76) ( t =-15.34, -3.84 --24.08 respectively, all P <0.01) .There were significant differences in mental health among migrant workers with different age , education , marital status , living conditions and occupation (all P<0.05).Conclusion The prevalence of mental health problems in Shanghai rural-to-urban migrant workers is high, with are related to their age, education, marital status, living conditions and occupation.

Objective To observe serum and callus leptin expression in rats model with fracture and traumatic spinal cord injury (SCI). Methods 72 male SD rats were randomized equally into 4 groups: control, SCI group, fracture group, and fracture/SCI group. Rats were sacrificed at 7, 14, 21 and 28 days after fracture/SCI. Serum leptin was detected by radioimmunoassayat 1, 7, 14, 21 and 28 days, and callus formation was measured radiologically at 14, 21 and 28 days. Callus leptin was analyzed with immunohistochemistry. Results Serum leptin in the fracture group, SCI group and combined fracture/SCI group were all higher than in control group at the 1, 7, 14 and 21 day time-point (P < 0.05). Serum leptin in the combined fracture/SCI group was significantly higher than the fracture group at 7, 14 and 21 days (P < 0.05), and higher than SCI groups at 14 and 21 days after operation (P < 0.05). The percentage of leptin-positive cells in the fracture/SCI callus, and callus volume was significantly higher than the fracture-only group (P < 0.001). Conclusions Leptin expression increases in the recovery process after SCI, and the recovery of fracture becomes sooner.

Aged ; Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions ; blood ; therapy ; Emergency Treatment ; Female ; Hemoperfusion ; Humans ; Hypnotics and Sedatives ; poisoning ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Serum ; chemistry

Objective To investigate the feasibility and the efficacy of the Harmonic scalpel (HS)dissection compared with general electricoagulation(EC) in laparoscopic colorectal surgery.Methods In this nonrandomized prospective study，82 patients between May 2002 and December 2006 underwent elective laparoscopic colorectal resection.Laparoscopic right hemicolectomy(4)，left hemicolectomy(5)，sigmoidectomy(25)，or low anterior resection(48)were randomized to either electricoagulation or Harmonic scalpel dissection.The data for conversion to open surgery，operative time，blood loss，clips，complication rate，and hospital stay were compared.Results Intraoperative blood loss was significantly less in HS(180.6 ml)versus EC(229.6 ml)(P＜0.05).The number of clips was less in HS(2.3)versus EC(5.1)(P＜0.05).No differences were observed in postoperative time to recover bowl function and postoperative hospital stay.Postoperative complication rates in HS (2.3％)was significantly less as compared to EC(10.5％)(P＜0.05).Conclusion Harmonic scalpel in laparoscopic colorectal surgery can redues intraoperative blood loss，completes majority of laparoscopic procedures，and is technically easy，feasible，reliable.

Objective To investigate the feasibility and the efficacy of the Harmonic scalpel (HS)dissection compared with general electricoagulation(EC) in laparoscopic colorectal surgery.Methods In this nonrandomized prospective study，82 patients between May 2002 and December 2006 underwent elective laparoscopic colorectal resection.Laparoscopic right hemicolectomy(4)，left hemicolectomy(5)，sigmoidectomy(25)，or low anterior resection(48)were randomized to either electricoagulation or Harmonic scalpel dissection.The data for conversion to open surgery，operative time，blood loss，clips，complication rate，and hospital stay were compared.Results Intraoperative blood loss was significantly less in HS(180.6 ml)versus EC(229.6 ml)(P＜0.05).The number of clips was less in HS(2.3)versus EC(5.1)(P＜0.05).No differences were observed in postoperative time to recover bowl function and postoperative hospital stay.Postoperative complication rates in HS (2.3％)was significantly less as compared to EC(10.5％)(P＜0.05).Conclusion Harmonic scalpel in laparoscopic colorectal surgery can redues intraoperative blood loss，completes majority of laparoscopic procedures，and is technically easy，feasible，reliable.

OBJECTIVETo determine the effect of arousal methods for prolonged coma of 175 patients with severe traumatic brain injury and related factors.

METHODSThere were 175 cases with persistent coma longer than 1 month after severe traumatic brain injury. Coma lasted 1-12 months. Arousal procedures included hyperbaric oxygen, physical therapy and arousal drugs.

RESULTSIn the 175 prolonged coma patients 110 got recovery of consciousness; in 118 cases with coma of 1-3 months, 86 cases recovered consciousness (72.9%); in 42 cases with coma of 4-6 months, 20 cases recovered consciousness (47.6); and in 15 cases with coma of longer than 6 months, only 4 cases recovered consciousness (26.7%). The recovery of consciousness depended on patient's primary brain stem damage, cerebral hernia, GCS score, and age.

CONCLUSIONSApplication of appropriate arousal procedures improves recovery of consciousness in patients with prolonged coma.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Brain Injuries ; therapy ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Coma, Post-Head Injury ; therapy ; Female ; Glasgow Coma Scale ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Recovery of Function ; Treatment Outcome

OBJECTIVE: MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play a vital role in pathogenesis and progression of many cancers, including cervical cancer. However, importance of serum level of miR-101 in cervical cancer has rarely been studied. In the present study, clinical significance and prognostic value of serum miR-101 for cervical cancer was investigated. METHODS: Association between miR-101 level in cervical cancer tissues and prognosis of patients was analyzed by using data retrieved from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database, which was followed with our clinical study in which miR-101 serum level comparison between cervical cancer patients and healthy controls was conducted by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR). RESULTS: TCGA database demonstrated that miR-101 was down-regulated in cervical cancer tissues compared with normal cervical tissues, and univariate Cox regression analysis indicated that decreased miR-101 expression was a highly significant negative risk factor. Similar trend was found in the serum miR-101. Serum level of miR-101 was associated with International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) stage (p=0.003), lymph node metastasis (p=0.001), and serum squamous cell carcinoma antigen (SCC-Ag) level >4 (p=0.007). The overall survival time of cervical cancer patients with a higher level of serum miR-101 was significantly longer than that of patients with a lower level of serum miR-101. Moreover, multivariate Cox regression analysis indicated that the down-regulated serum level of miR-101 was an independent predictor for the unfavorable prognosis of cervical cancer. CONCLUSION: Serum level of miR-101 is closely associated with metastasis and prognosis of cervical cancer; and, hence could be a potential biomarker and prognostic predictor for cervical cancer.
Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; Clinical Study ; Disease Progression ; Genome ; Gynecology ; Humans ; Lymph Nodes ; MicroRNAs ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Obstetrics ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Prognosis* ; Risk Factors ; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms*

A fetal/maternal multi-parameter monitor is introduced here in the paper. It can monitor the vital signs of a fetus and his/her mother in a same screen synchronously. It is more useful in obstetric clinics. Its other functions include management of patient file, computer-assistant analyses.
Adult ; Automatic Data Processing ; instrumentation ; Electrocardiography, Ambulatory ; instrumentation ; Equipment Design ; Female ; Fetal Monitoring ; instrumentation ; Heart Rate, Fetal ; Humans ; Microcomputers ; Monitoring, Ambulatory ; instrumentation ; Pregnancy ; Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted ; Software

OBJECTIVEThe aim of the study is to explore the effect of NF-kappa B signal pathway in neonatal sepsis so as to provide the experimental base for corresponding clinical treatment of the sepsis, in which NF-kappa B is taken as the target.

METHODSThe sepsis model was established in newborn rats by giving Staphylococcus aureus subcutaneously: (1) The electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA) was used to observe the activity of NF-kappa B in the lungs and the livers in newborn rats with Staphylococcus aureus sepsis. (2) Immunohistochemical method was used to observe the activity of NF-kappa B P56 in newborn rats with Staphylococcus aureus sepsis. (3) The anti-oxidant pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate (PDTC) was used to observe its effect on NF-kappa B activities of liver and lungs and on the activity of splenic NF-kappa B P56 in newborn rats with Staphylococcus aureus sepsis.

RESULTSIn newborn rats with Staphylococcus aureus sepsis, the NF-kappa B activity in lungs was enhanced at the 1st hour and reached to the peak level at the 3rd hour; then, it was weakened gradually and at the 24th hour faded away. The activity of the liver NF-kappa B was also activated and peaked at the 4th hour; then, it was gradually weakened and at the 24th hour faded away. The positive expression of splenic NF-kappa B P56 began to be intensified at the 1st hour (12.0 +/- 3.7), peaked at the 3rd hour (51.4 +/- 5.9) and showed insignificant differences at the 24th hour (3.4 +/- 1.4) as compared with the sepsis group. PDTC had an inhibitive effect on the activities of liver NF-kappa B and lung NF-kappa B and on the positive expression of splenic NF-kappa B P56 used in the dosage of 50-200 mg/kg. The larger the dosage was used, the more intensified inhibitive effect could be obtained. In the dosage of 200 mg/kg, the inhibitive effect was the most intensified.

CONCLUSIONS(1) In newborn rats with Staphylococcus aureus sepsis, the NF-kappa B of lungs, liver and spleen were activated, and all indicate a peak. (2) The anti-oxidant PDTC can inhibit NF-kappa B activity in a dose-effect fashion in newborn rats with Staphylococcus aureus sepsis.

Animals ; Animals, Newborn ; Antioxidants ; therapeutic use ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Electrophoretic Mobility Shift Assay ; Liver ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Lung ; drug effects ; metabolism ; NF-kappa B ; antagonists & inhibitors ; metabolism ; Pyrrolidines ; therapeutic use ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Sepsis ; metabolism ; Staphylococcus aureus ; pathogenicity ; Thiocarbamates ; therapeutic use