Objective To establish a rapid method having great capability for enrichment and anti-interference, higher sensitivity and good precision for determination of trace silver in drinking water. Methods The conditions of determination such as the definition of peak potentials, the selection of auxiliary electrolytes, the selection of kind and amount of oxidants and anti-interference test were carried out by MP-1 potentiometer using glass-carbon electrode. Results The lowest detection limit, average recorery rate and average relative standard deviation were 0.004 ug/ml, 100.3% and 2.73% respectively. Conclusion This method was suitable for determination of trace silver in drinking water.

Mechanical ventilation (MV) with large tidal volumes can increase lung alveolar permeability and initiate inflammatory responses,resulting in ventilator-induced lung injury (VILI).The mechanisms of the injurious effects of MV and the genetic susceptibility remain unclear.VILI-related genes such as cysteine-rich angiogenic inducer 61 (Cyr61)have been demonstrated to play a detrimental role in the aggressive ventilation strategies.In the present study,we investigated the involvement of Cyr61 in the VIM and the underlying mechanism.A549 cells were exposed to cyclic stretch of varying durations and then the mRNA and protein levels of Cyr61 were measured by real-time PCR and Western blotting,respectively.Additionally,after exposure ofA549 cells to cyclic stretch for 5 min to 1 h,the expression levels of nuclear factor kappaB (NF-κB) and IL-8 were detected by ELISA and Western blotting.Thereafter,Cyr61 expression was depressed in A549 cells with the siRNA pGenesill.1-Cyr61-3 before the cyclic stretch,and IL-8 secretion and the activation of NF-κB pathways were probed by ELISA and Western blotting,respectively.Moreover,a NF-κB inhibitor (PDTC) and an activator (TNF) were used before mechanical stretch.Realtime PCR and ELISA were performed to detect the mRNA and protein of IL-8,respectively.The results showed that the mechanical cyclic stretch led to increased Cyr61 expression at mRNA and protein levels in A549 cells.Additionally,cyclic stretch also mobilized NF-κB from the cytoplasm to the nucleus and increased IL-8 secretion in A549 cells.The inhibition of Cyr61 blocked the NF-κB activation and IL-8 secretion in response to cyclic stretch.Inhibition of NF-κB attenuated the mRNA and protein expression of IL-8 in A549 cells transfected with Cyr61 siRNA.It was suggested that Cyr61/NF-κB signaling pathway mediates the upregulation of IL-8 in response to cyclic stretch in A594 cells.These findings support the hypothesis that Cyr61 plays a critical role in acute lung inflammation triggered by mechanical strain.

Objective To investigate the effects of erythropoietin (EPO) pretreatment on the acute lung injury induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in rats and the underlying mechanism. Methods Thirty-two male SD rats weighing 180-220 g were randomly divided into 4 groups (n=8 each): group Ⅰ control (C);group Ⅱ EPO;group Ⅲ LPS and group Ⅳ EPO + LPS. EPO 3 000 U/kg was given IP in group Ⅱ , LPS 6 mg/kg was given iv in group Ⅲ . In group Ⅳ EPO 3 000 U/kg was given IP at 30 rain before iv LPS 6 mg/kg, The animals were killed at 4 h after LPS administration. Lung tissue specimens were obtained for microscopic examination. Wet/dry ratio (W/D), myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity, malondialdehyde (MDA) and nitric oxide (NO) content in lung tissue were determined. The expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and nitrotyrosine (NT) in lung tissue was determined by Western blot. Results W/D ratio, MPO activity, MDA and NO content were significantly increased and iNOS and NT expression was significantly up-regulated in LPS group as compared with control group. EPO pretreatment significantly attenuated the LPS-induced changes in group EPO + LPS. Conclusion EPO pretreatment can ameliorate the acute lung injury induced by LPS by down-regulating iNOS expression and reducing NO production.

OBJECTIVEThe mechanism by which M.tuberculosis persists and survives in host macrophage is not fully understood, however, the M. tuberculosis chromosome-encoded TA loci perform functions possibly of signaling to these processes. To explore the biological functions of M. tuberculosis chromosome-encoded TA loci, the Rv1494 and Rv1495 genes of M.tuberculosis H37Rv strain were cloned and expressed.

METHODSThe hypothetical proteins Rv1494 and Rv1495 were bioinformatically analyzed by means of Bioedit software, Dnaman software and Pfam database. The complete open-reading frame sequences of Rv1494 and Rv1495 genes were amplified by PCR using M.tuberculosis H37Rv genomic DNA as the template, and the PCR products were cloned into prokaryotic expression vector pET32a(+), respectively. After induction of expressions in E.coli host strain BL21 (DE3), the recombinant proteins were purified and detected by Western blotting.

RESULTSAccording to bioinformatic analysis, the hypothetical proteins of Rv1494 and Rv1495 genes shared some homologies with mazEF family, one of E. coli chromosomal TA loci (homology at 26% and 29.5%). Sequence analysis showed that the inserted target genes and its reading frames were completely correct. The recombinant plasmids were induced with IPTG to effectively express the fusion proteins with relative molecular mass coincident with prediction. The specific positive signals were identified from the immunoblots.

CONCLUSIONFor the first time, the Rv1494 and Rv1495 genes of M.tuberculosis H37Rv strain were cloned and its prokaryotic expression vectors were constructed successfully in this experiment, which may facilitate further functional study of this mazEF-like gene pair.

Bacterial Proteins ; genetics ; metabolism ; Blotting, Western ; Cloning, Molecular ; Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel ; Escherichia coli ; genetics ; Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial ; Genes, Bacterial ; Genetic Vectors ; genetics ; Mycobacterium tuberculosis ; genetics ; metabolism ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Recombinant Fusion Proteins ; genetics ; metabolism

OBJECTIVETo investigate the method and results of disk reposition in the treatment of traumatogenic TMJ ankylosis.

METHODSIn 19 cases of traumatogenic ankylosis of TMJ, the dislocated disks were repositioned during anthroplasty. In the operation, the dissection of dislocated disk was performed carefully around the TMJ. The disk was repositioned to its anatomic location over the top of condylar stump, then the lateral aspect of the disk was sutured to the soft tissue of zygomatic root.

RESULTSAt the last follow-up examination, interincisal opening distance ranged from 24 to 43 mm in all cases (mean 32.63 mm), which approached or reached the normal level. No recurrence and TMJ symptom were found during the period of follow-up.

CONCLUSIONSThe disk repositioning in treatment of traumatogenic TMJ ankylosis is a feasible and effective approach to reconstruct the structure and function and prevent recurrence.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Ankylosis ; surgery ; Arthroplasty ; methods ; Child ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Temporomandibular Joint ; injuries ; Temporomandibular Joint Disorders ; surgery

tes.Much attention should be paid to cervical pathological factors for locoregional recurrences in hypopharyngeal cancer,especially multilevel and capsule rupture of pathologic lymph node.

s to be done on the condition that indicated candidates are properly selected, preoperative evaluations carefully conducted, and perioperative abnormal conditions unerroneously delt with.

Objective To investigate survival outcomes of salvage surgery preformed for laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma that recurred or progressed after radiotherapy alone. Methods A review of 72 patients who underwent salvage laryngectomy for laryngeal cancer failed in initial radiation therapy between 1996 and 2005 was performed. The tumor persistence occurred in 50 cases and recurrence in 22 cases. All patients received salvage total laryngectomy and radical neck dissection. Survival analysis was performed by using Kaplan-Meier method, Log-rank test and Cox proportional hazard model. Results Thirty patients developed a postoperative complication after salvage surgery. Pharyngocutaneous fistula occurred in 15 (20. 8 % ) patients. During 5 years after salvage surgery, the rates of tumor recurrence, distant metastasis and second malignancy were 34.7% , 22. 2% and 6. 9% , respectively. Kaplan-Meier analysis showed that overall 3 year and 5 year survival rates of those patients after operation were 45. 8% and 36. 1% ,respectively. Univariate analysis indicated that N restage, tumor persistence/recurrences after radiotherapy,surgical margin status, level of tumor invasion, pathologic N stage, extracapsular nodal spread and invasion of nonlymphatic structures were significantly associated with overall survival. Multivariate analysis showed the most significant prognostic factors were tumor persistence or recurrence after radiotherapy, surgical margin status and level of tumor invasion. Conclusions Surgical salvage remains the gold standard for management after failure of initial radiation therapy. The extent of tumor invasion must be assessed sufficiently before operation, and the surgical margin status must be identified in operation by using a frozen sectioning approach, especially in patients with tumor invasion to muscle/cartilage and tumor persistence after radiotherapy.

A case-report on adenoma of the posterior urethra. Methods: In 131 cases of adenoma of the posterior urethra, aged 17- 79 (mean: 36.4) years, a detailed medical history was taken and urinalysis, urethroscopy, and prostatic specific antigen (PSA) immunohistochemical staining were performed. They were then treated with transurethral resection (TUR) or transurethral electric coagulation (TUEC). Results: Hemospermia occurred in 51% of the cases, hematuria in 38 %, bood overflow from the urethral orifice in 6 %, and dysuria in 5 %. The position of the tumor was at or around the verurumontanum. The appearance of the rumor was similar to those of a papilla, a villus, a dactyl or polyp, or simply an engorgement. The tumor contained glandular alveoli and adeno-epithelial cells. PSA immunohistochemistry was positive in the cytoplasm and nucleus of the adeno-epithelial cell. One hundred and tweenty-nine cases were cured after TUR or TUEC, while 2 patients recurred and were operated again. Conclusion: Adenoma of the posterior urethra is a common cause of hemospermia and hematuria in young men. Urethroscopic examination and biopsy are the principal diagnostic measures. TUR or TUEC are believed to be the treatment of choice with a short-term recurrence rate of around 1.5%.

Aged ; Bronchial Arteries ; pathology ; Bronchial Diseases ; complications ; Female ; Fistula ; etiology ; pathology ; Humans ; Pulmonary Artery ; pathology