OBJECTIVEThe purpose of this study is to investigate the influence of cryogenic treatment and age-hardening heat treatment on the corrosion behavior of a dental casting Ag-Pd alloy.

METHODSA low gold content dental casting alloy composed of Ag-Pd-Cu-Au was prepared for this study. Corrosion test was performed according to ISO 10271:2001 dental metallie-corrosion test methods. Experimental specimens were casted according to a standard dental lost-wax casting procedure, treated with solution by heating the specimens to 900 degrees C, and immediately quenched in ice water. The specimens were then divided into four groups and subjected to heat treatment, cryogenic treatment, and heat treatment combined with cryogenic treatment. The specimens after the solution treatment were taken as control. The metallographic structures of the specimens were observed. The electrochemical parameters and the quantity of non-precious metallic ions released were evaluated via electrochemical and static immersion tests.

RESULTSMetallographic observation revealed that all the treatments resulted in a change in the microstructure of the alloy. The treatments were effective in improving the electrochemical parameters, such as an increase in Eocp and Ecorr and a decrease in Icorr (P < 0.05). The amount of non-noble metal ions released showed no difference compared with the control group (P > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONAfter different treatments, the antierosion properties of the alloy satisfied the ISO requirements. Age-hardening heat treatment and cryogenic treatment improved the corrosion resistance of the alloy.

OBJECTIVE:To review the curative efficacy and safety of itopride vs. domperidone in the treatment of functional dyspepsia(FD). METHODS:Randomized controlled trails(RCTs)of itopride vs. domperidone in the treatment of FD were enrolled and retrieved from Cochrane Library,PubMed,EMBASE,SCI,CBM,CNKI,VIP and Wanfang Database. Other retrieval was carried out by hand. Methodological quality evaluation and meta-analysis of RCTs were carried out. RESULTS:Of total 18 RCTs enrolled,11 RCTs were graded B and 7 RCTs graded C. Itopride group were superior to domperidone group in respect of total response rate,the relief rate of nausea,abdominal distention,belching,vomiting,epigastric pain and sour regurgitation. There was no statistical significance. The incidence of ADR in itopride group was lower than in domperidone group. There was no statistical significance in difference between two groups. The relief rate of anorexia and early satiety in itopride group were superior to domperidone group. Statistical significance was noted in difference between two groups. CONCLUSION:Recent study shows itopride has better effect than domperidone on FD,which should be confirmed by high quality study.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy of Xuezhikang in the treatment of type 2 diabetes with hyperlipoidemia. METHODS: Retrieved from Cochrane Library, PubMed, EMBASE, CBM, VIP and CNKI databases and related periodicals, included randomized controlled trails (RCTs) was evaluated in quality. Meta-analysis was conducted with RevMan 5.0 software. RESULTS: The meta-analysis of 6 included RCT showed that the improvement of TC, TG, LDL-C, HDL-C, FBS, 2 h-BS, HbA1c, UAE in trial group were different from control group. There was statistical significance in difference between 2 groups. CONCLUSION: Routine glycemic control combined with Xuezhikang has better effect than routine glycemic control in the treatment of type 2 diabetes with hyperlipoidemia. Because the number and quality of included study are not satisfactory, the study result should be confirmed by randomized double-blind controlled trial.

Objective To evaluate the value of hyomental distance (HMD) measured when the byoid was located using ultrasound in predicting the difficult airway.Methods Two hundred and thirteen patients of both sexes,aged 18-64 yr,with body mass index of 14-34 kg/m2,with interincisor distance ＞3 cm,with atlanto-axial joint mobility ＞ 90°,of Mallampati class Ⅰ-Ⅳ,of American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status Ⅰ-Ⅲ,scheduled for elective surgery requiring endotracheal intubation under general anesthesia,were enrolled in the study.The HMD was measured by fingers (finger breaths in width,HMDf) and by rulers (HMDr) when the hyoid was located artificially and when the hyoid was viewed on ultrasound (HMDu) before anesthesia induction.After anesthesia induction,the difficult airway was defined as Cormack-Lehane grade 3 or 4 assessed under direct laryngoscope during intubation.The hyoid viewed on ultrasound was considered as the criterion,and the error rate was calculated when the hyoid was located artificially.Youden Index was used to determine the optimal value in predicting difficult airway,and the specificity and sensitivity of HMDf,HMDr and HMDu in predicting difficult airway were calculated based on this criterion.Results The error rate was 18.8％ when the hyoid was located artificially.The specificity and sensitivity of HMDu in predicting difficult airway were 64.6％ and 91.5％,respectively.The specificity and sensitivity of HMDr in predicting difficult airway were 62.5％ and 84.8％,respectively.The specificity and sensitivity of HMDf in predicting difficult airway was 29.2％ and 98.2％,respectively.Conclusion The HMD measured when the hyoid is located using ultrasound can accurately predict the difficult airway.

OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the curative efficacy of granulocyte macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) as an adjunctive therapy for the treatment of acute myeloid leukemia (AML). METHODS: Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of GM-CSF in the treatment of AML were retrieved from PubMed,EMBase,Cochrane Library,CBMdisc and CNKI database by computer as well as from the leukemia-related journals manually for a quality evaluation of the methodology and Meta analysis using RevMan5.0 software. RESULTS: A total of 10 RCTs were included,of which,3 RCTs were graded as A,5 as B and 2 as C. The results demonstrated that there were no significant differences of indexes among groups as complete remission (CR) rate,relapse rate,infection rate and length of hospital stay,etc. CONCLUSION: The available clinical research results showed that GM-CSF adjunctive therapy could neither increase CR rate,nor decrease the relapse rate,infection rate or length of hospital stay.

Aim:To develop a practical chiral CE method for the quantitative determination of the unwanted enantiomer[( R )-enantiomer]presented in zolmitriptan. Methods:The background electrolyte was 20 mmol/L sodium dihydrogenphosphate solution with 1% S-β-CD,adjusted to pH 3.50 with phosphoric acid. A fused-silica capillary(60 cm×50 μm ID,effective length 51.5 cm)was used at 20 ℃ for the separation. The applied voltage was -30 kV. The samples were loaded by hydrodynamic injection(50 mbar pressure,6 s). UV was measured at 220 nm. Results:Zolmitriptan and its chiral impurity were baseline resolved ( R s=6.66). The linearity was good over the concentration range from 4 to 80 μg/mL( r =0.999 8) of ( R )-enantiomer. The injection precision (expressed as CV%) was 2.83%. The average recovery was 99.97%( n =9). The limit of detection was 1.5 μg/mL. The host-guest complex binding constants were 964 and 905 mol-1 for ( R )-enantiomer and zolmitriptan,respectively. Conclusion:The method is suitable for the determination of ( R )-enantiomer in zolmitriptan and binding constants of zolmitriptan enantiomers to S-β-CD.

Objective:To investigate the role of endogenous hydrogen sulfide(H2S)in patients with asthma.Methods:Levels of serum H2S,lung function and cell differential count in induced sputum were studied in 44 patients with acute exacerbation of asthma,33 patients with stable asthma and 12 health subjects.Of the 33 patients with stable asthma,3 failed to achieve induced sputum.Results:The serum H2S level was(75.2?13.0)?mol/L in controls(12 cases),(55.8?13.6)?mol/L in patients with stable asthma(33 cases),(57.8?6.3)?mol/L in patients with mild of acute exacerbation asthma(9 cases),(40.8?5.1)?mol/L in that with moderate of acute exacerbation asthma(13 cases),and(31.3?2.9)?mol/L in that with severe of acute exacerbation asthma(22 cases,F=44.592,P

ObjectiveTo investigate the changes of non-linear dynamics characteristic of electroencephalogram (EEG) under three states (eyes closed, mental arithmetic with eyes closed and orientation test with eyes closed), and the application of non-linear dynamic analysis for cognitive function research.MethodsEEG was recorded in 30 healthy young volunteers at three stages. The correlation dimension (D2) and approximate entropy (ApEn) were calculated for all subjects.ResultsD2 and ApEn increased significantly during mental tasks as compared to the rest state with eyes closed (P<0.01). In different mental tasks, the complexity of mental functions and the regions involved in the cognitive task were different.ConclusionNon-linear analysis methods are appropriate for the study of cognitive functions and can help to understand the working mechanism of brain during mental activities.

ObjectiveTo investigate the changes of non-linear dynamics characteristics of EEG of the patients with menopause depression under eyes closed state.MethodsEEG were recorded in 18 patients with menopause depression and 18 healthy volunteers under eyes closed state. Approximate entropy (ApEn) was calculated for all subjects.ResultsApEn of the menopause depression group at eyes closed state increased significantly compared with that of the healthy control group.ConclusionDynamic non-linear analysis is more appropriate for the study of mental functions changes of menopause depression.

ObjectiveTo investigate the changes of non-linear dynamics characteristics of EEG during picture memory masks, and the application of non-linear dynamic analysis for memory research.MethodsEEGs of 30 healthy old volunteers were recorded under the states of opened eyes and picture memory. Correlation dimension (D2) was calculated for all subjects.ResultsD2 increased significantly during memory tasks compared with the rest state with eyes opened (P<0.05). In different memory tasks, the complexity of mental functions and the regions involved in the memory task were different.ConclusionNon-linear analysis is appropriate for the study of functional changes and working mechanism of brain during memory.