Objective To explore the clinical promise of CT 3D reconstruction of tracheobronchial tree(TBT) by analyzing 73 cases retrospectively. Methods All the 73 cases were collected from October 1997 to February 2000, who were scanned by EBCT with 130 kV and 630 mA. The scanning method was continuous volume scan, the slice thickness were 3 mm or 1.5 mm. All cross-sectional images were transmitted to the INSIGHT workstation and reconstructed with SSD (shaded surface display), and the threshold setting were -500 to -300 HU. Results 3D reconstruction of TBT with EBCT could reveal the abnormal changes of TBT by many kinds of diseases including central cancer, inflammation, bronchiectasis, saber-sheath trachea, trachea cancer, congenital disorders, post-surgical changes of lung cancer, and stenoses by adjacent benign or malignant diseases. It could be used to locate the stenoses and measure stenostic extent. Of the 35 central cancer cases with 3D reconstruction, 6 cases were pestle obstructed, 15 cases cone obstructed, 5 cases interrupted irregularly, 8 cases with eccentric stenoses, and 1 case with right stem destroyed and right upper lobe bronchus obstructed. Conclusion 3D reconstruction of TBT has characteristic sign in the diagnosis or differential diagnosis of central airway′s benign or malignant stenoses, and it is of instructional value in clinical use.

Objective To study the effect of CO2 pneumoperitoneum on the anti-apoptotic capability of human cervical carcinoma cell line(CaSki).Methods The imitated CO2 pneumoperitoneum was established in vitro.After CaSki cells were exposed to CO2 pneumoperitoneum at 0,7 or 14 mmHg for 1,2,3,4 h,the expressions of Survivin mRNA and Bcl-2 protein were examined by RT-PCR and Western blot respectively.The untreated CaSki cells served as control.Results Under 7 or 14 mmHg,the expressions of Survivn and Bcl-2 had an increasing tendency with the exposure time prolongation.Within the same exposure time,the expressions of Survivin and Bcl-2 under 7 mmHg were significantly higher than those under 0 or 14 mmHg or in control group.Conclusion Under certain pressure and within certain exposure time,CO2 pneumoperitoneum could improve anti-apoptotic capability of human cervical carcinoma cells,which may be one reason for the promoting effect of carbon dioxide pneumoperitoneum on malignant cells growth.

Objective To study the effects of carbon dioxide on the metastatic capability of ovarian carcinoma cell line. Methods After ovarian carcinoma cells SKOV_(3) were treated with 100% carbon dioxide for 2 h, the expressions of VEGF and MMP9 were examined by immunohistochemistry and RT-PCR. Results After the treatment of carbon dioxide for 2 h, the expression of VEGF and MMP9 was significantly increased at 12~(th) h, the expression of VEGF reached the peak at 24~(th) h and the expression of MMP9 reached the peak at 48~(th) h. Conclusion Carbon dioxide may improve the metastatic capability of ovarian carcinoma cell line.

Objective To study the relationship of apoptosis-related gene survivin with bcl-2, bax protein in endometriosis. Methods The expressions of survivin, bcl-2 and bax protein were detected by immunohistochemical method (SP) in ectopic endometrium from 40 cases, and compared with that in eutopic endometrium from 25 cases without endometriosis. Results The expression rate of survivin protein in endometriotic cells was much higher than that in normal endometrial cells. The survivin was not correlated with the phase of menstrual cycle , but positively correlated to bcl-2, negatively to bax. Conclusion Survivin may play an important role in pathogenesis of endometriosis. With survivin gene, apoptosis-related gene bcl-2 may have a synergic role and bax have an antagonistic role in the formation and progression of endometriosis.

Objective To investigate the effects and mechanism of carbon dioxide (CO_ 2 ) pneumoperitoneum on the adhesive, migratory and invasive abilities of ovarian carcinoma cell line SKOV_ 3 . Methods SKOV_ 3 cells were exposed to an CO_ 2 insufflation medium. The cells′ adhesive ability to Matrigel was analyzed by MTT assayand, and their migratory and invasive abilities were analyzed through Boyden filters metastasis model. CD44 and bFGF expressions were examined by immunohistochemistry and semi-quantitative RT-PCR. Results Cells exposed to an in vitro pneumoperitoneum demonstrate could significantly increase adhesive, migratory and invasive abilities compared to the control group (P

Objective lo evaluate the effects ot different types oi nitric oxide synthase inhibitors on cerebral mitochondrial structure and function in fetal rats with intrauterine distress. Methods Rats were divided into control group, acute ischemia group, treatment group 1 injection of [ N omega-nitro-L-arginine (L-NNA) 4 mg/kg into pregnant rats' abdomen before ischemia], reperfusion group, treatment group 2 [injection of L-NNA 4 mg/kg into pregnant rats' abdomen before ischemia followed by injection of aminoguanidine (AG) 500 mg/kg before operation]. Changes of mitochondrial structure were observed by transmission electron microscopy and expression of neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) mRNA (A) through RT-PCR. Inducible nitric oxide synthase ( iNOS) activity and mitochondrial Na+ K + -ATPase and cytochrome oxidase activity were measured. Results (1) The A of NOS(5 min,15 min) in acute ischemia group was higher than that of treatment group 1 ( P 0. 05). But the A of nNOS in two groups was higher than that in control group ( P 0. 05 ). Mitochondrial Rsv in reperfusion group was all smaller than those in treatment group 2. And mitochondrial Rsv in all the groups was smaller than that in control group( P

In order to perfect teaching method,strengthen the teaching effect,we apply the multimedia teaching mold.We will give some positive suggestions for the optimization of the field and track teaching process for improving teaching quality.The multi-media aided-teaching should be better utilized for the requirements of teaching and learning to improve the teaching quantity.

Objective To study expression and activation of p38 mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK) in vascular endothelial cells dysfunction in preeclampsia. Methods From Sept. 2009 to Mar.2010, 54 pregnant women underwent deliveries in the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University were enrolled in this study, including 20 patients in mild preeclampsia group, 16 patients in severe preeclampsia group and 18 women with term cesarean section without perinatal complications as control group. Placental endothelial cells were labeled by CD34 to assay microvessel density (MVD) of each group. Immunohistochemical SP and western blot were used to detect localization and expression of p-p38 MAPK protein, respectively. The levels of sera soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase-1 (sFlt-1)and soluble endoglin(sEng) were measured by ELISA. Results ①The MVD of placenta were 103 ± 3 in control group, 81 ±5 in mild preeclampsia group and 63±4 in severe group, respectively, which showed statistical difference among each group (P＜0.05).②The expression of p38 MAPK protein were 0.84±0.05 in control group,0.90±0.14 in mild group and 0. 86 ±0.18 in severe group, which did not reach remarkable difference among each group (P＞0.05). The expression of p-p38 MAPK protein were 0.13±0.05 in control group,0.59±0.12 in mild group and 1.16±0.18 in severe group, which show statistical difference among each group(P＜0.05).(3) The localization of p-p38 was in trophoblast, endothelial cells and a few (5.2±0.3)and(10.9±0.4)μg/L in control group,(12.5±1.2) and (20.4±5.3)μg/L in mild group and (19.3±3.0) and (29. 5 ±3.7) μg/L in severe group. When drawing paired comparison in those p-p38 MAPK protein levels and the concentrations of serum sFlt-1, sEng in preeclampsia groups (r=0.68,P＜0.05;r=0.87,P＜0.05). Conclusions The remarkable activation of the p38 MAPK in the placenta of patients with preeclampsia induced the increased levels of sFlt-1 and sEng in maternal serum, which confer the injury of vascular endothelial cells that caused the significant decline of MVD in placentas. p38 MAPK signaling might be one of the key pathways in vascular endothelial cell dysfunction in preeclampsia.

Objective To analyze CT and MR imaging features of dysembryoplastic neuroepithelial tumor(DNT),so that to improve its diagnostic accuracy.Methods CT and MRI fidnings of DNT in 10 cases proved surgically and pathologically were retrospectively reviewed.Results All lesions were located in the super-tentorial gray matter regions or involved the cererbral certex mainly.The lesions were round,lobular,triangular or irregular pseudocystic masses with definite borders mostly.The lesions were hypointense on T_1WI and hyperintense on T_2WI.On fluid attenuated inversion recovery weighted images,the hyperintense "ring sign" and septa of the lesions were seen.On diffuse-weighted images(DWI),the lesions were hypointense or slight hypointense.On MR spectroscopy,NAA of the lesions slightly decreased.There were no peripheral edema and mass effect with well-demarcated.7 lesions had no enhancement and 3 lesions had slight unhomogeneous enhancement after administration of contrast medium.The lesions in 2 cases on plain CT showed low attenuation and one had calcification inside the lesion.Conclusion DNTs are of typical neuroradiologic features,that may be helpful for the diagnosis of which preoperatively.

Objective To study the manifestations of MR of the tumor in jugular foramen area(JFA) and its diagnostic values.Methods 13 cases of tumors confirmed by pathology in JFA were reported,and the characteristics of MR of different kinds of tumor were analysed.Results There were its own MRI manifestations of different tumors in JFA,and the localizing and qualitative diagnosis of these tumors can be accurately made by MRI.Conclusion MRI is of very important diagnostic values in detecting the tumors in JFA.