Animals ; Hepatocytes ; transplantation ; Humans ; Liver Diseases ; genetics ; surgery ; therapy ; Liver Failure ; surgery

The following measures have been taken with improved teaching effects in our recent practice of lemological teaching Firstly,we adjusted our teaching scope from classical communicable diseases to infectious diseases and brought the newest progress into our contents.Secondly,we adopted rich and colorful teaching methods to boost the students' learning interest.Thirdly,the students' clinical capabilities have been emphasized in our lemological examination.And lastly,multimedia has been employed to display our contents more actively.

Objective To explore how to determine the designated hospitals for critical illness scientifically and reasonably.Methods Analyzing the choice of medical providers by inpatients with critical illness,by means of the database of NRCMS in 2009～2010 in one county,Guangxi province.And analyzing the current policies on the basis of general principals used in health policy analysis.Results The choices of medical providers made by inpatients with critical illness are influenced by various factors.Choice of such hospitals should only be dependent on scientific and reasonable determination of patients' reasonable medical needs,instead of on the medical competency of the hospitals only.Conclusion Maximal cost-effectiveness should prevail,be it the class-1 demand of complete healing which is highly dependent on medical technology,or class-2 demand requiring repeated hospitalizations and not highly dependent on medical technology.Reasonable designation of hospitals for critical illness should be based on reasonable medical needs of patients,instead of medical competency of hospitals only.

Cervical cancer is one of the leading causes of death in women with malignancies worldwide.Brachytherapy plays an essential role in the radiation therapy for cervical cancer, and its combination with external beam radiation is indicated for previously untreated or recurrent cervical cancer at various stages without distant metastasis.Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has superior resolution of soft tissue, which allows for accurate delineation of target volume, protects organs at risk (OARs), and thus improves treatment outcomes.In recent years, many studies have demonstrated the feasibility and superiority of three-dimensional MRI-guided brachytherapy for cervical cancer.This article aims to elaborate on relevant MRI techniques, selection of applicators, delineation of target volume and OARs, evaluation of treatment plans, and the clinical effect of three-dimensional MRI-guided brachytherapy.

Objective To study and summarize the successful experience and the safety, easibility, practicality and operation skills of totally laparoscopic extraperitoneal herniorrhaphy (TEP). Methods From October 2006 to May 2008,225 patients in our two hospitals were performed TEP (265 totally laparoscopic extraperitoneal hernia repairs for inguinal hernia), including 55 direct inguinal hernia, 197 indirect inguinal hernia and 13 complex inguinal hernia operations. Among the 225 patients, 185 patients had unilateral hernia and 40 patients had bilateral hernias, including 29 recurrent hernia. Results The operations were lasted for 30 to 182 minutes(the average operating duration was 48 minutes for unilateral hernia and 106 minutes for bilateral hernia). The patients stayed in hospital for 2 to 8 days(the average inpatient hospital stay was 3.0 ± 1.2 days). The most common complication was scrotum bematomas,which appeared in 18 cases. Urinary re-tention appeared in 21 cases. Inguinal pain appeared in 5 cases. Bladder injury appeared 1 case. All the pa-tients were followed up for 3 months- 3 years. There was only 1 case of recurrence. Conclusions The proce-dure of TEP is safe,with faster postoperative recover,less pain,lower incidence of pain,better comfort quality and lower recurrence rate. TEP should be the main laparoscopic procedure for inguinal hernia repair.

Objective To discuss the operative difficulties and management in laparoscopic thyroidectomy.Method The clinical data of 169 cases undergoing laparoscopic thyroidectomy were retrospectively analyzed.Result Among 169 cases,only 2 cases were switched to open surgery.Among the other 167 cases local thyroidectomy for thyroid adenoma Was performed in 37 cases,one side subtotal thyroidectomy in 63 cases,two side subtotal thyroidectomy in 42 cases,laparoscopic subtotal thyroideetomy was done in 20 cases for Grave's disease,and radical thyroidectomy was undeRaken in 5 cases of thyroid carcinoma.Postoperatively fat colliquation occurred in 2 cases,pneumohypoderma,skin bruise and temporary vocal dullness or hoarsness in 1 each case.There was no postoperative recurrent laryngeal nerve injury,nor that of the parathyroid gland. Conclusions Laparoscopie thyroidectomy has its own intraoperative difficulties. Accurate operative skills and careful perioperative management can decrease the occurrence of complications.

Objective To evaluation the method of rapid detection of Methicillin-resistant Stphylococcus aureus (MRSA) ST239 clones with multiplex PCR assay and investigation of the epidemic status of MRSA blood stream infections in Hefei area.Methods Antibiotic susceptibility testing were applied to MRSA isolates from bloodstream infection,rapid screening and confirmation of MRSA ST239 clones by using multiplex PCR,Multilocus Sequence typing (MLST) and Staphyloccoccal Cassette Chromosome mec(SCCmec) typing.Results 51 of 106 clinic isolates Staphylococcus aureus were identified as MRSA,accounting for 48.1％.The resistance rate of MRSA to erythromycin,aminoglycosides and quinolone were significantly higher than Methicillin Sensitive Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA).Both MRSA and MSSA had a high sensitivity to cotrimoxazole,the sensivity rates were 86.3％ and 94.5％,respectively; 47 of 51 isolates of MRSA that detected by MRSA ST239 rapid screening were ST239 clones.Randomly selected 20 positive screening stains were confirmed as MRSA-ST239-SCCmec Ⅲ by MLST and SCCmectyping.Conclusions In Hefei area,nearly half of MRSA bloodstream infections in clinical isolates are MRSA-ST239-SCCmeclⅢ type and serious multidrug-resistance.The rapid detection of ST239 clones by multiplex PCR is a reliable and effective method for large-scale screening in laboratory.

Chlamydia psittaci is a causative agent of psittacosis,which can infect a wide range of hosts including birds and humans.However,information regarding C.psittaci infection in pigeons is scarce.In the present study,a total of 399 fecal samples from pigeons were collected from Jilin Province,northeastern China,between March and May 2015,and examined by nested PCR amplification of outer membrane protein A (ompA) gene.The overall Chlamydiosis prevalence was 5.01％ (21/399),with 3.19％ in Changchun City and 9.40％ in Jilin City.Furthermore,breed was the major risk factor associated with Chlamydia infection in pigeon,boiler pigeons had a prevalence of 7.49％,whereas no C.psittaci was detected in racing pigeons.Sequence analysis of the ompA gene revealed that all the identified isolates represented C.psittaci genotype B.Our results firstly indicated the presence of zoonotic C.psittaci in boiler pigeons in Jilin Province,northeastern China,and effective measures should be implemented to reduce the risk of C.psittaci transmission from pigeons to humans.

Animals ; Betacoronavirus ; Coronavirus Infections ; epidemiology ; Disease Outbreaks ; Humans ; Pandemics ; Pneumonia, Viral ; epidemiology ; Zoonoses ; epidemiology

Objective To investigate the effects of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) protein transduction mediated by cell penetrating peptide PEP-1 on intestinal injury in a rat model of sepsis induced by cecal ligation and puncture (CLP).Methods Twenty-four healthy male Sprague-Dawley rats,aged 7-9 weeks,weighing 210-260 g,were randomly divided into 4 groups (n =6 each) using a random number table:sham operation group (group S),group CLP,low-dose fusion protein PEP-1-HO-1 + CLP group (group P1) and high-dose fusion protein PEP-1-HO-1 + CLP group (group P2).Fusion protein PEP-1-HO-1 0.3 mg was administrated via the left iliac vein at 1 h before CLP and 5 h after CLP in group P1.Fusion protein PEP-1-HO-1 0.6 mg was administrated via the left iliac vein at 1 h before CLP and 5 h after CLP in group P2.The equal volume of normal saline was given instead of PEP-1-HO-1 in the other groups.The animals underwent laparotomy,but the caecum was not ligated or punctured in group S.Blood samples were collected at 12 h after CLP from the right common carotid artery for measurement of serum TNF-α and IL-6 levels.The rats were then sacrificed and intestines were removed for microscopic examination and for determination of malondialdehyde (MDA) content and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity in intestinal tissues.Results Compared with group S,the serum TNF-α and IL-6 levels,and MDA content in intestinal tissues were significantly increased,while SOD activity in intestinal tissues was decreased in CLP,P1 and P2 groups.Compared with group CLP,the serum TNF-α and IL-6 levels,and MDA content in intestinal were significantly decreased,while SOD activity in intestinal tissues was increased in P1 and P2 groups.Compared with group P1,the serum TNF-α and IL-6 levels,and MDA content in intestinal tissues were significantly decreased,while SOD activity in intestinal tissues was increased in group P2.The pathological changes of intestines were significantly mitigated in P1 and P2 groups as compared with group CLP.Conclusion HO-1 protein transduction attenuates intestinal injury induced by sepsis in rats,and the mechanism is related to inhibition of systemic inflammatory responses and lipid peroxidation in intestinal tissues.