Objectives: Blood and urine are commonly used specimens for clinical testing, and their contents, particularly exosomal microRNA (miRNA), are diverse, reflecting the metabolic activities of tissues and organs in the body. Methods: Blood and urine samples were collected from six healthy adults. Exosomes were then enriched from these samples, followed by sequencing and bioinformatic analysis of exosomal miRNA. Results: The comparative analysis of miRNAs in blood and urine revealed that 41 miRNAs were more abundant in blood, while 61 were found at lower levels. Notably, hsa-miR-934 was among those with higher expression in blood, whereas hsa-miR-425-5p was one of the miRNAs with lower expression.Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway analysis indicated that the target mRNAs of differentially expressed exosomal miRNAs (DEexo-miRNAs) in both blood and urine are implicated in various signaling pathways, including proteoglycans in cancer, axonal guidance, and the regulation of the actin cytoskeleton. Additionally, the target mRNAs associated with DEexo-miRNAs in urine were also linked to processes such as ubiquitin-mediated proteolysis and the phosphatidylinositol signaling system. In contrast, the target mRNAs corresponding to DEexo-miRNAs in blood were involved in the FoxO signaling pathway and chronic myeloid leukemia, among others. Conclusion This study observed differential expression of exosomal miRNAs in blood and urine, thereby enriching the available library of exosomal miRNA for these two sample types. It also lays the groundwork for the detection of exosomal biomarkers from blood and urine.

Objective To investigate the clinical efficacy of pemetrexed disodium, carboplatin and psychological intervention in the treatment of elderly patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer. Methods 92 cases of elderly patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer from February 2015 to February 2017 were randomly divided into study group (n=46) and control group (n=46) by the single and double number (hospital admission order).The control group was treated with carboplatin and pemetrexed disodium treatment, the study group was treated with carboplatin and pemetrexed disodium, combined with psychological intervention treatment, effects of treatment in elderly patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer between two groups were recorded. Results The total effective rate of the study group (67.39%) was significantly higher than the control group (47.83%)with statistical significance (P<0.05), it suggested that the clinical efficacy of the study group in elderly patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer is better. Conclusion The application of pemetrexed disodium, carboplatin, combined with psychological intervention treatment for elderly patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer patients could significantly improve clinical efficacy, has positive significance to guarantee the quality of life of patients and life safety.

Objective: To establish a quality control model ensuring good stability and compatibility of manually compounded total nutrient admixtures (TNA). Methods: A parenteral nutrition medication order entry system was establish for standardizing nutritional medication usage and supporting physician's TNA prescribing. TNA medication orders were reviewed by pharmacists for validating the stability and compatibility. TNAs were compounded by pharmacists in a standard way following "four factors of sterile compounding" . The goal of quality control was achieved by establishment of the preliminary standard. Results: The quality of manually compounded total nutrient admixtures achieved the goal since pharmacy intravenous admixture service (PIVAS) started on 2003. Conclusions The quality of TNA is well assured while manually compounded by pharmacists in PIVAS.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the value of liver stiffness measured by acoustic radiation force impulse imaging(ARFI) in assessing hepatic functional reserve in patients with space-occupying lesions in the liver.

METHODSSixty-three patients with space-occupying lesions in the liver were enrolled. Liver stiffness (LS) measurements with ARFI and indocyanine green(ICG) retention test were performed in the same day, and plasma clearance rate of indocyanine green(ICG-K), ICG retention at 15 minutes(ICGR15) as well as 10 effective values of LS were recorded. The correlation between Child-Pugh score, ICGR15, ICG-K, and LS were evaluated.

RESULTSThe LS measurements with ARFI failed in one patient. A strong correlation between LS and ICGR15(r=0.789, P<0.01) and an inverse correlation between LS and ICG-K(r=-0.738, P<0.01) were observed. Besides, there was a significant correlation between LS measurements and Child-Pugh score(r=0.929, P<0.01) . The LS significantly differed among patients with Child-Pugh class A, B, and C(P<0.01) .

CONCLUSIONARFI is a simple, feasible and non-invasive method for assessing hepatic functional reserve in patients with space-occupying lesions in the liver.

Adult ; Aged ; Elasticity Imaging Techniques ; Female ; Humans ; Liver ; diagnostic imaging ; pathology ; physiopathology ; Liver Function Tests ; Liver Neoplasms ; diagnostic imaging ; physiopathology ; Male ; Middle Aged

The overall survival of patients with cervical cancer has improved due to detection at an early stage and availability of comprehensive treatments in China. As patients' lives prolonged, it is important to understand their health-related quality of life (QoL) during and after treatment. We used the EQ-5D questionnaire to assess QoL of 194 patients with cervical lesions at Sichuan University West China Second Hospital between May 2010 and January 2011. Patients were surveyed before primary treatment and at 1, 3, and 6 months after primary treatment. Results showed a consistent decline in EQ-5D scores in the spectrum of cervical lesions at each time point after treatment (all P < 0.05). For patients with precursor lesions, there was an increasing trend along the timeline of treatment (P < 0.01). For patients with early-stage cervical cancer, EQ-5D scores declined in the first month (P = 0.01) and gradually increased to higher levels at 6 months post-treatment than those before treatment (P < 0.01). EQ-5D scores followed a similar trend in patients with advanced cervical cancer (P = 0.04), though they did not statistically rebound after 6 months (0.84 ± 0.19 vs. 0.86 ± 0.11, P = 0.62). Regarding advanced cervical cancer, EQ-5D scores for women above 40 years of age appeared to recover more rapidly and reached higher levels than those for women below 40 years (P = 0.03). Caution and extra care are recommended in the early period of cervical cancer treatment given the slight deterioration in the QoL, and in particular, for younger cervical cancer patients. Our study implies that health care providers may need to improve the health-related QoL of cervical cancer patients.
Age Factors ; China ; Female ; Humans ; Neoplasm Staging ; Prospective Studies ; Quality of Life ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Uterine Cervical Dysplasia ; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms

Objective: To assess the effectiveness of transanal drainage tube (TDT) in reducing the incidence of anastomotic leak following anterior resection in patients with rectal cancer. Methods: We conducted a systematic search for relevant studies published from inception to October 2022 across multiple databases, including PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, CNKI, Wanfang, and VIP. Meta-analysis was performed using Review Manager 5.4 software. The primary outcomes included total incidence of anastomotic leak, grade B and C anastomotic leak rates, reoperation rate, anastomotic bleeding rate, and overall complication rate. Results: Three randomized controlled trials involving 1115 patients (559 patients in the TDT group and 556 in the non-TDT group) were included. Meta-analysis showed that the total incidences of anastomotic leak and of grade B anastomotic leak were 5.5% (31/559) and 4.5% (25/559), respectively, in the TDT group and 7.9% (44/556) and 3.8% (21/556), respectively, in the non-TDT group. These differences are not statistically significant (P=0.120, P=0.560, respectively). Compared with the non-TDT group, the TDT group had a lower incidence of grade C anastomotic leak (1.6% [7/559] vs. 4.5% [25/556]) and reoperation rate (0.9% [5/559] vs. 4.3% [24/556]), but a higher incidence of anastomotic bleeding (8.2% [23/279] vs. 3.6% [10/276]). These differences were statistically significant (P=0.003, P=0.001, P=0.030, respectively). The overall complication rate was 26.5%(74/279) in the TDT group and 27.2% (75/276) in the non-TDT group. These differences are not statistically significant (P=0.860). Conclusions: TDT did not significantly reduce the total incidence of anastomotic leak but may have potential clinical benefits in preventing grade C anastomotic leak. Notably, placement of TDT may increase the anastomotic bleeding rate.
Humans ; Anastomotic Leak/etiology* ; Rectal Neoplasms/complications* ; Drainage ; Anastomosis, Surgical/adverse effects* ; Reoperation/adverse effects* ; Hemorrhage ; Retrospective Studies

An ideal animal model of azoospermia would be a powerful tool for the evaluation of spermatogonial stem cell (SSC) transplantation. Busulfan has been commonly used to develop such a model, but 30%-87% of mice die when administered an intraperitoneal injection of 40 mg kg^-1. In the present study, hematoxylin and eosin staining, Western blot, immunofluorescence, and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction were used to test the effects of busulfan exposure in a mouse model that received two intraperitoneal injections of busulfan at a 3-h interval at different doses (20, 30, and 40 mg kg^-1) on day 36 or a dose of 40 mg kg^-1 at different time points (0, 9, 18, 27, 36, and 63 days). The survival rate of the mice was 100%. When the mice were treated with 40 mg kg^-1 busulfan, dramatic SSC depletion occurred 18 days later and all of the germ cells were cleared by day 36. In addition, the gene expressions of glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF), fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF2), chemokine (C-X-C Motif) ligand 12 (CXCL12), and colony-stimulating factor 1 (CSF1) were moderately increased by day 36. A 63-day, long-term observation showed the rare restoration of endogenous germ cells in the testes, suggesting that the potential period for SSC transplantation was between day 36 and day 63. Our results demonstrate that the administration of two intraperitoneal injections of busulfan (40 mg kg^-1 in total) at a 3-h interval to mice provided a nonlethal and efficient method for recipient preparation in SSC transplantation and could improve treatments for infertility and the understanding of chemotherapy-induced gonadotoxicity.
Adult Germline Stem Cells/transplantation* ; Animals ; Azoospermia/chemically induced* ; Busulfan/toxicity* ; Disease Models, Animal ; Infertility, Male/chemically induced* ; Injections, Intraperitoneal ; Male ; Mice ; Spermatogenesis/drug effects* ; Spermatogonia/drug effects* ; Stem Cell Transplantation/methods*

Platelets are reprogrammed by cancer via a process called education, which favors cancer development. The transcriptional profile of tumor-educated platelets (TEPs) is skewed and therefore practicable for cancer detection. This intercontinental, hospital-based, diagnostic study included 761 treatment-naïve inpatients with histologically confirmed adnexal masses and 167 healthy controls from nine medical centers (China, n = 3; Netherlands, n = 5; Poland, n = 1) between September 2016 and May 2019. The main outcomes were the performance of TEPs and their combination with CA125 in two Chinese (VC1 and VC2) and the European (VC3) validation cohorts collectively and independently. Exploratory outcome was the value of TEPs in public pan-cancer platelet transcriptome datasets. The AUCs for TEPs in the combined validation cohort, VC1, VC2, and VC3 were 0.918 (95% CI 0.889-0.948), 0.923 (0.855-0.990), 0.918 (0.872-0.963), and 0.887 (0.813-0.960), respectively. Combination of TEPs and CA125 demonstrated an AUC of 0.922 (0.889-0.955) in the combined validation cohort; 0.955 (0.912-0.997) in VC1; 0.939 (0.901-0.977) in VC2; 0.917 (0.824-1.000) in VC3. For subgroup analysis, TEPs exhibited an AUC of 0.858, 0.859, and 0.920 to detect early-stage, borderline, non-epithelial diseases and 0.899 to discriminate ovarian cancer from endometriosis. TEPs had robustness, compatibility, and universality for preoperative diagnosis of ovarian cancer since it withstood validations in populations of different ethnicities, heterogeneous histological subtypes, and early-stage ovarian cancer. However, these observations warrant prospective validations in a larger population before clinical utilities.
Humans ; Female ; Blood Platelets/pathology* ; Biomarkers, Tumor/genetics* ; Ovarian Neoplasms/pathology* ; China