This article narrates the present situation of hospital metrology management, enumerates all sorts of malpractices, and puts forward some corresponding measures in such aspects as the setting of hospital-metrology-management standard, the completion of hospital-metrology- management archives and the reinforcement of metrology appraisal.

Aim To study the effect of bombesin on body temperature thermothreshold.Methods With IL-1?-induced febrile rats as research subject,the content of PGE2 in hypothalamus and plasma was detected with radioimmunoassay.Results(1) Induced by i.c.v.injection of IL-1?(0.1 ?g),the content of PGE2 in hypothalamus and plasma of the febrile rats significantly increased(P

Objective To investigate the expression of MIF in PBMC, sera and lacrimal fluid samples in patients with AD, and study the diagnostic significance of MIF in AD. Methods Forty-three AD patients (11 mild AD patients,23 moderate AD patients, 9 severe AD patients classfied by SCORAD index)and 31 age- and sex-matched healthy control subjects were recruited. Real-time RT-PCR was employed to analyze the expression of MIF mRNA in PBMC. ELISA was performed to detect the concentrations of MIF in sera and lacrimal fluid samples. Results AD patients had significantly higher levels of MIF mRNA in PBMC than normal controls [7.46 (3.38-8.90) vs 1.67 ( 1.24-2.45 ), Z=-6.141, P ＜ 0.05]. The concentrations of MIF in sera and lacrimal fluid samples in AD patients were also markedly higher than those of normal controls [serum 36. 32( 11.89-43.80) μg/L vs 7.89(6.13-9.54) μg/L, Z = -6.180,P <0.05; lacrimal fluid 12.66(2.01-20.12) μg/L vs 0.85(0.77-1.06) μg/L, Z = -4.118,P <0.05]. MIF mRNA levels were 2.35 ( 2.12-2.49 ) , 7.83 ( 6. 54-8.90 ) and 8.76 ( 8.22-9.73 ) in mild, moderate and severe AD respectively, and the expression was higher in moderate and severe AD than in normal controls (Z= -6.237, -4.520,P ＜0.05). MIF serum concentrations were 8.98(7.90-10.51) μg/L, 36.50 (29.78-43.23) μg/L and 45.70(41.27-48. 84) μg/L in mild, moderate and severe AD respectively, and the differences were significant in moderate and severe AD compared to normal controls ( Z = - 6.238,- 4.521, P < 0.05 ). The lacrimal fluid MIF oncentrations were 1.10 ( 0.83-1.35 ) μg/L, 12.66 ( 9.76-15.87) μg/L and 24. 65 ( 19.29-30.94) μg/L in mild, moderate and severe AD respectively. Similarly,they increased significantly in moderate and severe AD compared to normal controls (Z = -4.062,- 3.372, P ＜ 0.05 ). In moderate and severe AD, MIF mRNA levels in PBMCs and MIF concentrations in sera and lacrimal fluid samples were all positively correlated with the severity of AD ( r = 0.395, 0.404,0.515, P < 0.05 ). Conclusions The expression of MIF in PBMCs, sera and lacrimal fluid samples is higher in different course of AD. MIF can serve as a useful laboratory parameter for evaluation of AD activity and severity.

Xiaoqinglong Decoction comes from Shang Han Lun, which is the main treatment for wind chill and fluid retention. It is treated as a classic formula for cold-cough, which syndromes of no sweat but tight pulse, cough, cough with white phlegm, and vomiting. This article discussed the efficacy of Xiaoqinglong Decoction in tonifying yang in lung, which can help transport phlegm, and then cough can be relieved.

Objective To investigate the predictive value of heart rate variability to,and its correlation with ventricular arrhythmias in patients with structural heart disease.Methods 24 hours ambulatory electrocardiogram monitoring was administered during March 2012 and October 2013,and standard deviation of the NN interval (SDNN) in the time-domain analysis and sympathetic/vagal ratio in the frequency domain analysis were collected and retrospectively analyzed in 300 patients.Results The incidence rate of ventricular arrhythmias was higher in patients with structural heart disease in SDNN ＜100 ms group than in control group [4.1％ (3/74) vs.39.5％ (45/114),P＜0.01].The sympathetic/vagal ratio was significantly higher in group with structural heart disease and ventricular arrhythmia than in control group(19.9 ±2.3 vs.10.1 ±1.7,P＜0.01)The time-domain index SDNN was negatively correlated with the frequency domain index (sympathetic/vagal ratio) (r=-0.819,P ＜0.01).Conclusions SDNN ＜100ms and the increased sympathetic/vagal ratio can be considered as the predictors of ventricular arrhythmias in patients with structural heart disease.

Objective To assess set-up errors measured with kilovoltage cone-beam CT (KV-CBCT), and the impact of online corrections on margins required to account for set-up variability during IMRT for patients with prostate cancer. Methods Seven patients with prostate cancer undergoing IMRT were enrolled onto the study. The KV-CBCT scans were acquired at least twice weekly. After initial set-up using the skin marks, a CBCT scan was acquired and registered with the planning CT to determine the setup errors using an auto grey-scale registration software. Corrections would be made by moving the table if the setup errors were considered clinically significant ( i. e. , ＞ 2 mm). A second CBCT scan was acquired immediately after the corrections to evaluate the residual error. PTV margins were derived to account for the measured set-up errors and residual errors determined for this group of patients. Results 197 KV-CBCT images in total were acquired. The random and systematic positioning errors and calculated PTV margins without correction in mm were:a) Lateral 3. 1,2. 1,9. 3;b) Longitudinal 1.5, 1.8, 5. 1 ;c) Vertical 4. 2,3.7, 13.0. The random and systematic positioning errors and calculated PTV margin with correction in mm were:a) Lateral 1.1,0. 9, 3.4;b) Longitudinal 0. 7, 1.1, 2. 5;c) Vertical 1.1, 1.3, 3.7. Conclusions With the guidance of online KV-CBCT, set-up errors could be reduced significantly for patients with prostate cancer receiving IMRT. The margin required after online CBCT correction for the patients enrolled in the study would be appoximatively 3-4 mm.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the clinical features, surgical transcranial approaches and outcomes of giant pituitary adenomas.

METHODSA series of 112 consecutive cases of giant pituitary adenomas underwent microsurgery through transcranial approaches at People' s Liberation Army General Hospital were retrospectively analyzed. Of the 112 patients, 58 were male and 54 were female, with age ranging from 3 to 72 years(mean age 44. 3 years). There were 91 non-functioning adenomas and 21 hormone-secreting adenomas. The maximum tumor diameter varied from 4. 0 to 7. 2 cm, with mean diameter of 4. 8 cm. Unilateral subfrontal approach was chosen in 16 cases, pterional approach in 41 cases, anterior interhemispheric approach in 34 cases, transcallosal-interforniceal approach in 6 cases, transcortical- transventricular approach in 5 cases, combined approach in 6 cases and other approaches in 4 cases. Postoperative MRI and endocrine function were re-examined routinely to evaluate the therapeutic efficacy. Staged operation through transsphenoidal approach or adjuvant treatments including medical and radiation therapies were administered in patients with hormone-secreting adenomas when hormonal excess persisted after surgery and in patients with non-functioning adenomas who had postoperative MRI evidence of residual tumor.

RESULTSTotal removal of the lesion was achieved in 57 cases (50. 9%) , 26 patients (23. 2%) underwent subtotal resection, and 29 patients (25. 9%) underwent partial removal. Postoperative mortality occurred in 3 patients (2. 7%). Major surgical morbidity occurred in 38 patients (33. 9%). Vision was preserved or improved in 98 patients (87. 5%). The postsurgical follow-up period varied from 3 to 64 months (mean 19. 5 months) . Nineteen of the 21 patients with hormone-secreting adenomas were considered to be in hormonal remission, and 87. 2% of the cases were capable of normal work and life and 8 patients suffered recurrence during the followed-up period.

CONCLUSIONSSelection of appropriate transcranial approaches is the key to successful microsurgery for giant pituitary adenomas according to the morphological characteristics presented in image examinations and clinical symptoms. Staged transsphenoidal operation and/or adjuvant therapies including medical and radiation therapies offer the best chances to control the residual tumors after the maximal surgical removal of giant adenomas through transcranial approaches.

Adenoma ; surgery ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Combined Modality Therapy ; Female ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Microsurgery ; methods ; Middle Aged ; Neurosurgical Procedures ; methods ; Pituitary Neoplasms ; surgery ; Postoperative Period ; Retrospective Studies ; Young Adult

Aim Toinvestigatetheeffectofginkgolide B on apoptosis in high glucose-treated endothelial cells.Methods Humanumbilicalveinendothelial cells(HUVECs)were used in the present study.The level of transmigration of HUVECs was analyzed by Tr-answell experiment.Apoptosis was detected by flow cy-tometry.Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS ) was meas-ured by immunofluorescence kit.The protein expres-sionwasanalyzedbyWesternblot.Result Highglu-cose treatment resulted in a reduction in transmigration of HUVECs and ginkgolide B recovered the phenome-non in glucose-treated endothelial cells.The level of ROS generation was increased in high glucose-treated group,whereas ginkgolide B inhibited ROS genera-tion.Immunofluorescence data showed high glucose in-creased apoptosis,whereas ginkgolide B inhibited ap-optosis in high glucose-treated HUVECs.Moreover, the expressions of Bax and caspase-3 were increased and Bcl-2 was reduced in high glucose-treated group. In contrast,ginkgolide B abolished the expressions of Bax and caspase-3 and increased Bcl-2 expression. Moreover,high glucose enhanced the expression and phosphorylation of p53,while ginkgolide B suppressed the expression and phosphorylation of p53 induced by highglucose.Conclusions GinkgolideBcaninhibit apoptosis and improve transmigration function in high glucose-treated HUVECs.Ginkgolide B has protection against high glucose-induced endothelial cell injury.

Objective To explore the feasibility of delineation of the atherosclerotic plaque in carotid artery using compressed sensing three dimensional motion-sensitized driven equilibrium prepared rapid gradient echo (CS-3D MERGE) technique. Methods Twenty-three patients who underwent carotid endarterectomy (CEA) were enrolled prospectively. In all patients, bilateral carotid arteries were scanned by CS-3D MERGE and contrast-enhanced MR angiography (MRA) simultaneously. Image quality of CS-3D MERGE images was scored. Images from the CS-3D MERGE sequence and contrast-enhanced MRA were used to measure the carotid stenosis, which were divided into four groups:normal group, mild stenosis group, moderate stenosis group, and severe stenosis group. The results were compared between the two methods. And images from the CS-3D MERGE sequence were compared with corresponding histology in identifying major plaque components including lipid rich necrotic core (LRNC), intraplaque hemorrhage (IPH), and calcification (CA). Spearman rank correlation coefficient was used to compare the correlation between the CS-3D MERGE sequence and contrast-enhanced MRA in measuring the carotid stenosis. Agreement was tested comparing images from the CS-3D MERGE sequence with corresponding histology in identifying major plaque components including lipid-rich necrotic core, intraplaque hemorrhage, and calcification. Results Twenty-three CEA patients finished bilateral CS-3D MERGE scanning successfully. Image quality was 3.16±0.25. There was an excellent correlation between CS-3D MERGE and MRA in measuring stenosis (r=0.95, P<0.01). The agreement between CS-3D MERGE and histological results for LRNC detection was 76.2% (16/21). It was less sensitive for IPH detection (71.4%, 15/21). CS-3D MERGE identified all CA accurately (100.0%, 21/21). Sensitivity and specificity were 86.6% (13/15) and 50.0% (3/6) for LRNC, 73.3% (11/15) and 66.6% (4/6) for IPH, 100.0% for CA respectively(16/16, 5/5). Conclusion CS-3D MERGE, a single sequence, can be used to quantify carotid stenosis and plaque components conveniently.

Objective To investigate the correlation of endothelial inflammation in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI)with no-reflow and severity of coronary lesion.Methods A total of 120 patients with AMI were all treated with percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).The patients who had intraoperative no-reflow were in case group (n=40).The patients who were also treated by PCI but did not have no-reflow in the same period in our hospital served as the control group (n=80).According to the results of coronary angiography, no-reflow group patients were divided into three subgroups:single lesion group (n=14),two-lesion group (n=10), and three-lesion group (n=1 6 ).We monitored these patients’immediate postoperative endothelial microparticles (EMPs)and soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (sICAM-1 )levels in both groups with flow cytometry and ELISA methods.Results In the case group,immediate postoperative EMPs and sICAM-1 levels in the blood circulation were significantly higher than those in the control group.EMPs area and sICAM-1 area under the curve in the case group were 0.755 and 0.701,which showed that EMPs and sICAM-1 levels had a good correlation with the occurrence of non-reflow in AMI patients after PCI.Gensini score and EMPs level rose with the increase of the lesion counts,and the level of EMPs was positively correlated with Gensini score.Conclusion In patients with AMI,the EMPs and sICAM-1 levels can well predict the occurrence of no-reflow and are of some value in predicting the severity of coronary lesion.