Objective: To introduce the advantages of approximate entropy (ApEn) in analyzing biological signals, to discuss the influences of time series' parameters on ApEn and elaborate the present conditions and prospects of its application on medicine. Methods: According to the definition and algorithm, ApEn has advantages on estimating the complexity of signal comparing with other non-linear analysis methods such as correlation dimension, fractal dimension, lyapunov index etc. Based on ApEn algorithm, we formulate programme to quantificationlly analyze the relationship between ApEn and each parameter of time series; Human EEG and ECG and other biological signals can reflect the state of the body. Through detecting changes of biological signals'ApEn, we can detect and monitor the state of an organization. Results: ApEn has many advantages such as a good anti-noise ability, the short date and so on. It makes up the defects of the correlation dimension ect. ApEn has nothing with the amplitude of time series. In the range of low-frequency, ApEn almost increases with frequency. When the date length is more than 1000 points, ApEn is stable. It quantificationlly describes that ApEn only requires short date. Recently. ApEn is widely used in diagnostics, monitoring, anesthesiology, and achieves good results. Conclusion: ApEn is a new developed non-linear analysis method which can estimate the complexity of the signal quantificationlly. It provides a new approach for diagnosing and monitoring a number of diseases. It has a wide application prospect.

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of small single-stranded and non-coding RNAs that negatively regulate gene expression at the post-transcriptional level by degradation of target mRNA or inhibition of protein translation.Recent studies have shown that miRNAs play important roles in human diseases.It is of great importance to explore the role of miRNAs in the pathogenesis,early diagnosis and new therapeutic strategies of a variety of malignant tumors,including B-cell lymphoma.This review described the biosynthesis of miRNAs,the mechanisms of miRNAs target regulation and the involvement of miRNAs in the initiation and progression of human cancers,and summarized the role of miRNAs in B-cell lymphoma.

Biolog EcoPlateTM is a mainstream approach of studying community-level physiological profiles of microbes. To correct misunderstanding and insufficiency of experimental result explanation, we announced an amendment of information extraction of Biolog EcoPlateTM, which included two parts: (1) carbon substrates assortment sheets based on microbial physiological metabolism and ecological function, providing referrence and index for researchers; (2) illustration of how to use assorment sheet and ordination method to find out more information, guiding by environmental concentration principle.

Chaihu Guizhi Ganjiang Decocotion is a famouse prescription recorded in Treatise on Febrile Diseases. In this article,the application of Chaihu Guizhi Ganjiang Decoction is discussed in treating gynaecological diseases through the cases of dysmenorrhea, climacteric syndrome, hypogalactia and hysteria. The mechanism is also expounded.

Assessment of salivary gland function plays an important role in the diagnosis and treatment of salivary gland disease.Currently,there are several ways to evaluate the salivary gland function including sialography,salivary gland flowmetry,radionuclide imaging,ultrasonography Doppler and MRI.The pros and cons of these different methods were reviewed and analysed.Nowadays,sialography and salivary gland flowmetry are less commonly used clinically.Doppler can be used for screening of salivary gland diseases.Radionuclide imaging is the clinically preferred method,and MRI is one of the most rapidly developing methods for the evaluation of salivary gland function.Proper selection of these methods can provide valuable information for the diagnosis and treatment of salivary gland diseases.

AIM: To study the process of foam floatation in the separation of Indigo Naturalis in batch mode. METHODS: Recovery of indigo and purity were chosen as the performance criteria and single examining method to examine the operational parameters,i.e.air flow rate,initial feed concentration,solution pH,initial feed volume on floatation performance. RESULTS: The floatation performance was good when gas flow rate increased from 112 L/h to 256 L/h,initial feed concentration of 0.4 g/mL,keeping the initial pH,feed volume of 1 000 mL.The purity ratio of indigo was about 2.3 and the recovery was about 90%. CONCLUSION: Foam(floatation) can be applied to the separation of Indigo Naturalis.

As an important component of functional genomics,epigenetics is a subdiscipline within genetics and refers to heritable changes in gene expression without any alteration in DNA sequence,including DNA methylation,histone modification,chromatin remodeling and microRNA (miRNA).Epigenetic regulation plays a crucial role on the development of B-cell lymphomas,as it has been reported that perturbation of epigenetic pattern and mutations in epigenetic mechanisms are frequent events in B-cell lymphomas.This review summarized the research progress on DNA methylation,histone modification and miRNA as well as their roles in the development,treatment and prognosis of B-cell lymphomas.

Objective To investigate the curative efficacy of buyang huanwu decoction in combination with cyclophosphamide in treating patients with Takayasu arteritis(TA)at active stage and its improvement on vascular endothelial injury.Methods 88 patients with TA at active stage who received therapy in The Hospital of Beijing Armed Police Corps from January 2015 to April 2016 were selected as research objects.According to therapeutic schemes,those patients were divided into the control group(n=42)and the observation group(n=46).The control group was given cyclophosphamide,while the observation group was given cyclophosphamide in combination with buyang huanwu decoction.Then,the total therapeutic efficacy ratio,laboratory-related indices and indices of vascular endothelial injury were compared between the two groups.During the treatment,incidence of adverse reactions were compared.Results The observation group had a total therapeutic efficacy ratio of 89.1％,which was statistically higher than that of 71.4％in the control group(P<0.05).After the treatment,in comparison with the control group,laboratory-related indices of erythrocyte sedimentation rate(ESR),C reactive protein(CRP)and vascular endothelial injury indices of vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF),endothelin-1(ET-1)in the observation group were statistically lower(all P<0.05).During the treatment,the incidence of adverse reactions in the observation group was 26.1％,which was statistically same with that of 21.4％in the control group.Conclusion Cyclophosphamide in combination with buyang huanwu decoction is effective for patients with TA at active stage with a high total therapeutic efficacy ratio.And it can significantly improve laboratory-related indices and vascular endothelial injury without increasing incidence of adverse reactions.

Objective To determine the therapeutic efficacy of curcumine on inflammatory bowel disease(IBD)and its underlying mechanisms.Methods The rat ulcerative colitis model was developed by using 30 g/L dextran sulfate sodium.Twenty-four young rats were divided into 4 groups:normal group,model group,curcumin 100 mg/kg group(curcumin 100 group),and curcumin 300 mg/kg group(curcumin 300 group).Curcumin was given through gastric gavage once a day for 7 days.General condition,disease activity index(DAI)and histopathological score(HPS)were evaluated.The proportions of CD4+ CD25+ Foxp3+ regulatory T cells(Treg)and CD4+ IL-17+ helper T lymphocyte 17(Th17)in CD4+ T cells in rats,and spleen cells were calculated by using flow cytometry.Immunohistochemical method was performed to determine the level of SOCS3 in colon tissues.Results After curcumin administered through gastric gavage for 5 days,compared with the DAI in the model group[(7.50±0.32)scores],HPS in the curcumin 100 group[(4.00±1.10)scores] and the curcumin 300 group [(5.00±0.89)scores] significantly reduced,and the difference was significant(F=12.469,P<0.05).After curcumin administered through gastric gavage for 7 days,compared with the HPS in the model group[(2.69±0.70)scores],histological score in the curcumin 100 group[(1.94±0.68)scores],the curcumin 300 group [(2.00±0.63)scores] and the normal group[(0.50±0.05)scores] significantly reduced,and the difference was significant(F=33.282,P<0.05).Compared with the model group[(0.015 1±0.000 7)D],the expression of SOCS3 in the curcumin 100 group[(0.002 0±0.000 5)D],the curcumin 300 group [(0.002 6±0.006 0)D] and the normal group[(0.002 2±0.001 0)D] was significantly inhibited(F=382.270,P<0.05),but there was no difference among the former 3 groups(F=0.828,P>0.05).Compared with the model group[(6.5±1.5)％],the propotion of CD4+ CD25+ Foxp3+ Treg cells in CD4+ T cells in the curcumin 100 group[(9.9±1.0)％],the curcumin 300 group [(9.3±0.7)％] and the normal group[(9.6±1.1)％]was obviously upregulated(F=16.635,P<0.05),but there was no difference among the former 3 group(F=1.564,P>0.05).Compared with the model group[(3.5±1.4)％],the propotion of CD4+ IL-17+ Th17 cells in CD4+ T cells in the curcumin 100 group[(2.0±0.9)％],the curcumin 300 group [(1.2±0.6)％] and the normal group[(2.0±0.9)％] was downregulated(F=5.155,P<0.05),but there was no difference among the former 3 group(F=2.073,P>0.05).There was no obvious difference between the curcumin 100 group and the curcumin 300 group in these indicators respectively(all P>0.05).Conclusions Curcumin probably attenuates IBD severity,reduces inflammation and regulates the balance of Treg/Th17 through the inhibition of SOCS3 expression.

This article discussed the necessity and method of setting up a comparative imaging medicine course, which is considered to be valuable for the future development and creativity of graduate students majored in nuclear medicine and imaging medicine.