AIM: To investigate the effect of exercise training(EX) on the arterial baroreflex and possible mechanisms in rats with chronic heart failure(CHF).METHODS: Experiments were carried out in four groups: EX-CHF,CHF,EX-sham,and sham. CHF was induced by left coronary artery ligation,and EX consisted of 4 weeks of treadmill running. Baroreflex function,plasma angiotensin II(Ang II) and central AT1 receptor expression were determined.RESULTS: (1) The average slope and maximal gain of the baroreflex curve in CHF rats were lower than those in sham rats(P<0.01). EX significantly enhanced baroreflex parameters in CHF group but not in sham group.(2) EX decreased plasma Ang II in CHF rats ［(137±27)ng/L vs (263±55)ng/L,P<0.01］,but had no significant effect on plasma Ang II in sham rats ［(75±17)ng/L vs (92±21)ng/L］.(3) Expression of AT1R protein in the PVN of CHF rats was higher than that in sham rats(1.20±0.21 vs 0.70±0.14,P<0.01). EX reduced AT1R protein level in CHF rats(0.90±0.13),but had no impact in sham rats(0.60±0.16).CONCLUSION: EX restores the attenuated arterial baroreflex function in CHF rats,involving in decrease of plasma Ang II and downregulation of AT1R in the PVN.

AIM:To determine the effect of reactive oxygen species on the baroreflex and to investigate the intracellular mechanism responsible for baroreflex dysfunction in the heart failure state.METHODS:In the rat model of cardiomyocytes infarct induced heart failure,baroreflex function was evaluated by measuring the relationship between renal sympathetic nerve activity(RSNA)responses and change of blood pressure by intravenous injection of nitroglycerin and phenylephrine.Alteration in baroreflex function was measured under the different reactive oxygen species(ROS)level induced by intracerebroventricular administration of several chemicals.RESULTS:(1)The range of RSNA response,average slope and maximum gain of baroreflex function curve were(92.2?9.9) mmHg,(0.07%?0.01%)/mmHg and(1.20%?0.10%)/mmHg,respectively,in CHF rats,which were significantly lower than those in sham rats(65.6?7.4) mmHg,(0.13%?0.02%)/mmHg and(3.00%? 0.20%)/mmHg(P

The harm of tobacco is one of the most serious public health issues nowadays, and the social cost produced by smoking is increasing year by year. There are about 6 million people dying from smoking-related diseases each year, and the number of death will surpass 8 million by 2030. Helping smokers quit is the most direct and effective method to reduce the burden of disease caused by tobacco. M-health based on smartphone shows huge potential in prompting health behavior. Progress of studies on smartphone applications (APP), a new way of tobacco control, is reviewed to provide reference for future tobacco control practice and exploration.

Objective To observe the clinical effect by using insulin detemir therapy in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus(T1DM).Methods Thirty children and adolescents with T1DM were divided into 2 groups to receive Humulin R and Determir(observation group,n =15) or Humulin R and neutral protamine hagedorn (NPH) (control group,n =15)insulin therapy.Daily insulin dose,glycemic variability,incidence of non-severe and severe hypoglycemia events after the institution of insulin therapy were collected.Results The daily doses of insulin were (1.16 ± 0.30) U/kg in the observation group and(1.21 ± 0.35) U/kg in the control group,respectively.There was no clinically important change between 2 groups(t =0.526,P ＞ 0.05).Within-subject variation in fasting plasma glucose was significantly lower in observation group(29％)than that in control group(65％) (t =5.296,P ＜0.01).One case of severe hypoglycemia event occurred in the observation group,but 5 cases occurred in the control group(t =4.863,P ＜ 0.0l).Two cases of nocturnal hypoglycaemia(22:00-7:00) events occurred in the observation group,7 cases occurred in the control group(t =4.506,P ＜ 0.01).Conclusions Institution of insulin detemir therapy is associated with low within-subject variation in fasting plasma glucose and decreased rates of severe and nocturnal hypoglycemia while dose of insulin did not increase.This makes insulin detemir a valuable new tool for the treatment of children and adolescents with T1 DM.

Objective: To evaluate the effects of lotensin on sympathetic responses following cervical plexus block and to explore the mechanism of cardiovascular responses and sympathetic nervous system activity according to plasma catecholamine concentration. Method: Sixty adult patients were randomly divided into two groups (n = 30):Group A and group B. In group B lotensin 0.15mg/kg was taken orally at night before surgery and 2h before anesthesia separately. Hemodynamics was determined before anesthesia(T_1), 5min(T_2), 10min(T_3), 15-20min(T_4)and 30min (T_5) after cervical plexus block. For measurement of plasma catecholamine concentration, blood was collected at T_1,T_3,T_4 and T_5. The study was finished before beginning of surgery and infusion. Result: In group A after anesthesia SP,DP, MAP,HR,RPP and plasma noradrenalinc level rose markedly(P0.05). All parameters were lower in group B compared with group A(P

Objective To study the pathological,ultrastructural and immunohistochemical features of kidney oncocytoma (RO). Methods The clinical and histological features of 13 patients (5 men and 8 women;mean age,58 years,age 44 -78 years) with RO were observed.Immunohistochemical staining was performed on paraffin-embedded tissues with a panel of antibodies including vimentin,EMA,ckpan,CK7,CK18,E-cadherin,CD10,RCC,CD117,34βE12,HMB45,s-100 and Ki-67.Of the 13 cases,10were found incidentally during a health examination while the other three cases presented with lumbago and discomfort of the lumber.Four cases were analyzed by electron microscopy.Eleven were treated with radical nephrectomy and 2 with partial nephrectomy. Results Histologically,the tumor cells were mainly arranged in closely packed nests,aciniform or tubule with an occasional microcystic pattern in loose edematous hypocellular fibrous stroma.Tumor cells had moderate to abundant granular eosinophilic cytoplasm with a small,round and uniform nucleus containing finely and evenly dispersed chromati.However,focal nuclear atypia were observed with no mitotic activity.Immunohistochemically,all cases were diffusely positive for CK18 and showed variable immunoreactivity for E-cadherin,CD117,CD10 and CK7.Twelve cases were positive for EMA. All cases were negative for vimentin,34βE12,HMB45 and s-100.The proliferative index (Ki-67) was very low in all cases,with less than 1％ of the nuclei labeled.Electronic microscopy showed the cytoplasm had abundant mitochondria with lamellar cristae.Follow-up on 10 patients ( range from 2 to 67months) showed no recurrence or metastasis. Conclusions Tumor cells arranged in nests with loose hypocellu]ar and edematous stroma is the most important histological feature of RO.The immunohistochemical features could be helpful for both diagnosis and differential diagnosis.

Acute Disease ; Enterocolitis, Necrotizing ; complications ; diagnosis ; Hand, Foot and Mouth Disease ; complications ; diagnosis ; Humans ; Severity of Illness Index

OBJECTIVE To develop the nosocomial infection information management subsystem,as a subsystem of the hospital information system,and to enhance the monitoring methods of hospital infections. It can monitor and provide necessary infection information for all administers of the hospitals. METHODS After collecting the data of hospital infections and analyzing the datum structure of the hospital information system,we developed the software of nosocomial infection information management subsystem using PowerBuilder9.0 and Oracle Database. RESULTS The subsystem could monitor infection of all inpatients,collect and analyze the data of infection examination,patients infected,usage of antibiotics and intervening operations,therefore,relieve information administers from collection works and make them focus on analysis,guidance and problem solutions. CONCLUSIONS As a part of the hospital information system,nosocomial infection information management subsystem can improve the effectivity and efficiency of hospital infection administers due to its accuracy,timeliness and wide coverage.

Objective To analyze the changes of electroencephalographic activities during fully automated simultaneous peripheral arteriovenous exchange transfusion(ET) in neonates with hyperbilirubinemia.Methods A total of 45 neonates who suffered from severe hyperbilirubinemia and underwent fully automated simultaneous peripheral arteriovenous exchange transfusion were studied from March 2009 to March 2016 in Neonatal Intensive Care Unit of Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center,and 46 ETs were performed in 45 babies who were divided into 2 groups according to the severity of hyperbilirubinemia:the encephalopathy group and the none-encephalopathy group.Nineteen patients were in the encephalopathy group,in which 11 were male and 8 were female.The other 26 patients were in the none-encephalopathy group,in which 15 were male and 11 were female.Changes in amplitude integrated electroencephalogram(aEEG) during ETs were analyzed,including background activities,sleep-wake cycle (SWC)and seizures.Results Forty-five patients with hyperbilirubinemia underwent 46 fully automated simultaneous peripheral arteriovenous ETs.As a result,total bilirubin dropped from (524.90 ± 110.96)μmol/L before ETs to (245.62 ±78.97) μmol/L after ETs,with clearance rate of 53.2％.And indirect bilirubin dropped from(486.16 ±90.39) μmol/L before ETs to(222.19 ± 79.49) μmoL/L after ETs,with clearance rate of 54.3％.On the other hand,there was no significant difference in the changes of electroencephalographic activities during ETs,including background activities (x2 =0.16,P ＞ 0.05),SWC (x2 =0.71,P ＞ 0.05) and seizures (x2 =0.30,P ＞ 0.05).However,there were significant difference in suppressions on background activities between the encephalopathy group and the none-encephalopathy group(Fisher's exact test P =0.042),though there were no significant statistical differences in SWC or seizures between the 2 groups (x2 =0.65,P ＞ 0.05;x2 =2.07,P ＞ 0.05,respectively).Conclusions In neonatal hyperbilirubinemia,fully automated simultaneous peripheral arteriovenous ET is safe and efficient without significant influence on electroencephalographic activities as a whole.However,background activities are more significantly depressed in infants of bilirubin encephalopathy than that of non-encephalopathy during ET.

Selective extraction of low molecular weight ( LMW) proteins and peptides from complex biological samples plays an important role in the discovery of useful biomarkers and signaling molecules. It is demonstrated that the unique pore structure of mesoporous material makes it efficient to enrich LMW proteins and peptides from complex matrixes. In this study, a mesoporous material, alkyl-diol@ phenyl-SiO2 , with modified exterior ( alkyl-diol group) and interior ( phenyl group) surfaces, was synthesized by co-condensation and post-grafting, and its characteristic was evaluated by FTIR and MS. The LMW proteins and peptides enriched by the alkyl-diol@phenyl-SiO2 mesoporous material could be easily eluted by organic solvents, which was compatible with the following detection by mass spectrometry ( MS ) . This new mesoporous material exhibited good selectivity for the extraction of LMW proteins and peptides ( less than 10 kDa) from complex biological samples.