Objective To investigate the changes of cerebrovascular reserve capacity (CVR) in patients with ischemic white matter lesions (WML). Methods 126 patients with WML were divided into mild lesion, moderate lesion, severe WML groups and a normal control group by brain MRI. Blood pressure, blood sugar, blood fat were measured and past medical histories were recorded in details. All the patients were routinely examined using TCD to evaluate CVR. Hypercapnia was induced by inhaling the CO2 they breathed themselves and hypocapnia was done by voluntary hyperventilation. Results Age, hypertension, diabetes mellitus and Apo-A were the independent risk factors for WML. Compared with the controls , CVR decreased significantly in the severe and moderate WML groups (P < 0.05). The extent of WML negatively correlated to the cerebrovascular reserve capacity (rs = -0.273, -0.392). Conclusions Age, hypertension, diabetes mellitus and Apo-A are the independent risk factors for WML. CVR is significantly decreased in the WML.

Aim To study the characteristics of the binding reaction of Troxetutin with bovine serum albumin (BSA) by fluorescence and ultra violet-visible absorption spectra.Methods The quenching mechanism of the fluorescence of BSA by troxerutin was studied with fluorescence.To determine the dynamic quenching constants and static binding constants,the Stern-Volmer equation and the double reciprocal Lineweaver-Burk equation were applied. The number of binding site was calculated with double logarithmic equation and the main binding force was discussed by thermodynamic equations. The binding distance and energy transfer efficiency between donor (BSA) and acceptor (troxerutin) were obtained effectively quenched fluorescence of BSA via static quenching processes. The binding constant Ka was calculated to be in the order of 106,indicating a strong interaction between Troxerutin and BSA. The number of binding site was approximately equal to 1,the binding distance was 1.97 nm,the energy transfer efficiency was 0.529,and the binding force was mainly hydrophobic force.Conclusion Troxerutin effectively quenchs the intrinsic fluorescence of BSA via static quenching mechanism,and the binding is mainly driven by the hydrophobic interaction.

During the analysis of benziamidazole-class irreversible proton pump inhibitors,an unusual mass spectral response with the mass-to-charge ratio at[M+10]+intrigued us,as it couldn't be assigned to any literature known relevant structure,intermediate or adduct ion.Moreover,this mysterious mass pattern of[M+10]+has been gradually observed by series of marketed proton pump inhibitors,viz.omeprazole,pantoprazole,lansoprazole and rabeprazole.All the previous attempts to isolate the corresponding component were unsuccessful.The investigation of present work addresses this kind of signal to a pyridinium thiocyanate mass spectral intermediate(10),which is the common fragment ion of series of labile aggregates.The origin of such aggregates can be traced to the reactive intermediates formed by acid-promoted degradation.These reactive intermediates tend to react with each other and give raise series of complicated aggregates systematically in a water/acetonitrile solution by electrospray ioniza-tion.The structure of the corresponding pyridinium thiocyanate species of omeprazole(10a)has been eventually characterized with the help of synthetic specimen(10a').Our structural proposal as well as its origin was supported by in situ nuclear magnetic resonance,chemical derivatization and colorimetric experiments.

Objective To explore the changes of mineral and bone metabolism before and after renal transplantation as well as the effect of preoperative parathyroid hormone (PTH) level on postoperative mineral and bone metabolism.Methods In this retrospective analysis,we recruited 82 cases of renal transplant recipients with normal renal function and receiving kidney transplantation in our hospital from January 2011 to January 2015.All of these patients had intact PTH (iPTH) level ＞300 pg/mL.We chose 26 cases of recipients whose preoperative iPTH was more than or equal to 800 pg/mL as very high PTH group,and 56 cases of recipients whose preoperative iPTH was between 301-799 pg/mL as high PTH group.We monitored and performed analysis of the total serum calcium (Ca),serum inorganic phosphorus (P),25-(hydroxyl) vitamin D3 (25 OHD),serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP),Beta C-terminal telopeptide (β-CTX),N-terminal/midregion (N-MID) pre-and 1 month,4 months,1 year,2 years,3 years post-kidney transplantation.Results Serum total calcium in the two groups was gradually increased,returned to normal range 1 month post-transplantation and reached the plateau 4 months post-transplantation.The incidence of hypercalcemia in very high PTH group was statistically significantly higher than in high PTH group.Serum phosphorus in the two groups showed a trend of gradual decline after renal transplantation,and returned to the normal range 1 month post-transplantation.The serum phosphorus level in very high PTH group reached the plateau 4 months post-transplantation,and that in high PTH group 1 month post-transplantation.Compared with high PTH group,very high PTH group has greater The incidence of long-term hypophosphatemia after renal transplantation was significantly higher in very high PTH group then in high PTH group.iPTH,ALP,β-CTX and N-MID in the two groups showed a downward trend after renal transplantation.At first month post-transplantation,iPTH,ALP,β-CTX and N-MID levels were reduced most significantly.The average levels of the three mentioned indicators in very high PTH group were higher than in high PTH group at every time point after surgery with the difference being significant during the early post-transplantation period.The anomalies of iPTH and β-CTX levels persisted to long term after transplantation in very high PTH group.25-OHD levels in these two groups showed rising trend after renal transplantation,reached the plateau 4 months posttransplantation,but failed to achieve the ideal reference level,and no significant difference was found between two groups at any time point monitored.Conclusion The anomalies of mineral and bone metabolism after renal transplantation could persist a long time.Conclusion hyperparathyroidism in the renal transplantation plays an important role in mineral and bone metabolism.Preoperative severe HPT could continue to post-transplantation period and increase the incidence of hyperphosphatemia and hypocalcemia long term after transplantation,which may aggravate bone turnover and this effect can last a long time after transplantation.

Aseptic loosening is mainly mediated by bone resorption cytokines in the surrounding area of orthopaedic implants. Our previous investigation demonstrtated that different-sized titanium particles loading can inbibit the osteoblastic differentiation and mineraliztion. In order to investigate the hypothesis that particulate wear debris derived from prosthetic biomaterials affects the release of bone resorption related cytokines, we studied the influence of different-sized titanium particles loading on the osteoblastic cytokines by assaying the secretion of IL-6, IL-10 with use of ABC-quantitative sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and on the expression of osteoclast differentiation factors (ODF) by RT-PCR. The results showed that the 0.9 microm titanium particles promoted osteoblasts producing bone resorption cytokines (IL-6, ODF), and simultaneously secreted bone absorption restraining factor (IL-10) quickly and transitorily. In comparison, the 2.7 microm and 6.9 microm titanium particles,especially the latter primarily promoted osteoblasts secreting bone absorption promoting factors powerfully and slowly. The results suggested that there was a biphasic response appearing in titanium particles loaded-osteoblastic cultures, the level of which varied according to the different size and the loading time of titanium particles. This in vitro experimental result showed that attentaion to the inhibition of bone resorption cytokines stimulated by wear debris and to the screen potential favourable biomaterials for implants must be taken.
Animals ; Cells, Cultured ; Cytokines ; secretion ; Female ; Interleukin-10 ; secretion ; Interleukin-6 ; secretion ; Joint Prosthesis ; Male ; Osteoblasts ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Particle Size ; Prosthesis Failure ; adverse effects ; RANK Ligand ; secretion ; Rabbits ; Titanium ; pharmacology

Objective To discuss the ethical necessity and feasibility of implementing multiple comprehensive psychological intervention measures in intensive care unit (ICU), and to investigate the effect of the measures on treatment compliance. Methods The conscious adult patients hospitalized in emergency ICU (EICU) of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University from 2015 to 2017 were enrolled, and divided into control group and intervention group according to random number table, with 40 patients in each group. Patients in control group were treated with routine care and routine diagnosis and treatment, and patients in intervention group were treated with the help of psychologists and with multiple comprehensive psychological intervention measures (including nursing care, medical treatment, family and management) based on routine care and routine diagnosis and treatment. After 5 days of intervention, the treatment compliance, the medical coping attitude and the mental health were assessed respectively using the Treatment Compliance Scale, the Medical Coping Modes Questionnaire (MCMQ) and the Symptom Checklist Scale (SCL-90), and then comparation were done between the two groups. Results After 5 days of intervention, 3 patients in the control group and 4 patients in the intervention group withdraw the study because of the change of illness, and at last 37 patients in the control group and 36 in the intervention group were enrolled. There was no significant difference in basic data such as gender, age, education level, disease, course of disease, the length of EICU stay, and acute physiology and chronic health evaluationⅡ (APACHEⅡ) score between the two groups. The scores of treatment compliance in intervention group was significantly higher than that in control group (2.89±0.67 vs. 2.32±0.91, P < 0.01). Compared with the control group, the "confrontation" dimension score of the MCMQ questionnaire in intervention group was significantly increased (19.75±2.08 vs. 18.62±2.65, P < 0.05), while the "avoidance" and"surrender" dimensions scores were significantly decreased (14.22±1.91 vs. 15.14±1.92, 8.83±1.54 vs. 9.73±2.10, both P < 0.05). In the SCL-90 scale, the scores of the 5 factors such as "somatization", "interpersonal sensitivity","depression", "anxiety" and "photic anxiety" in intervention group were significantly less than those in control group (1.59±0.38 vs. 1.81±0.37, 1.72±0.40 vs. 1.93±0.42, 1.76±0.32 vs. 1.92±0.29, 1.82±0.40 vs. 2.14±0.40, 1.44±0.30 vs. 1.60±0.38, all P < 0.05), while there was no significantly difference in the scores of the other 4 factors as "obsessive-compulsive symptoms", "hostile", "bigotry" and "psychoticism" between the two groups (all P > 0.05). Conclusion The multiple comprehensive psychological intervention measures used for ICU conscious patients could improve the treatment compliance, make the patients' medical coping attitude more active and improve the mental health of the patients, so it has ethical necessity and certain feasibility.

Group A Streptococcus (GAS) is a very important pathogen, especially for children.On a global scale, GAS is an important cause of morbidity and mortality.But the burden of disease caused by GAS is still unknown in China and also has not obtained enough attention.For this purpose, the expert consensus is comprehensively described in diagnosis, treatment and prevention of GAS diseases in children, covering related aspects of pneumology, infectiology, immunology, microbiology, cardiology, nephrology, critical care medicine and preventive medicine.Accordingly, the consensus document was intended to improve management strategies of GAS disease in Chinese children.

It is believed that the fundamental pathogenesis of the connective tissue diseases-associated interstitial lung disease （CTD-ILD） is kidney essence deficiency， with lung collateral obstruction throughout the disease， and environmental toxin pathogen is the important causative factors for the development of CTD-ILD. This article proposed to restore origin and alleviate bi （痹） for CTD-ILD， for which restoring origin means tonifying the lungs， spleen and kidneys to bank up the roots and consolidate the original qi， with modified Erxian Decoction （二仙汤） plus Liu Junzi Decoction （六君子汤）； alleviating bi means expelling wind and dredging collaterals， and eliminating the mass to restore the smoothness of the lung collaterals， with paired medicines of Chuanshanlong （Dioscorea nipponica）-Dilong （Kalanchoe pinnata）， Vinegar-processed Sanleng （Sparganium stoloniferum）-Vinegar-processed Ezhu （Curcuma zedoaria）， and stem-type medicines， and emphasized on removing the environmental toxin pathogens to facilitate the recovery of healthy qi.

Aging poses a major risk factor for cardiovascular diseases, the leading cause of death in the aged population. However, the cell type-specific changes underlying cardiac aging are far from being clear. Here, we performed single-nucleus RNA-sequencing analysis of left ventricles from young and aged cynomolgus monkeys to define cell composition changes and transcriptomic alterations across different cell types associated with age. We found that aged cardiomyocytes underwent a dramatic loss in cell numbers and profound fluctuations in transcriptional profiles. Via transcription regulatory network analysis, we identified FOXP1, a core transcription factor in organ development, as a key downregulated factor in aged cardiomyocytes, concomitant with the dysregulation of FOXP1 target genes associated with heart function and cardiac diseases. Consistently, the deficiency of FOXP1 led to hypertrophic and senescent phenotypes in human embryonic stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes. Altogether, our findings depict the cellular and molecular landscape of ventricular aging at the single-cell resolution, and identify drivers for primate cardiac aging and potential targets for intervention against cardiac aging and associated diseases.
Aged ; Animals ; Humans ; Aging/genetics* ; Forkhead Transcription Factors/metabolism* ; Myocytes, Cardiac/metabolism* ; Primates/metabolism* ; Repressor Proteins/metabolism* ; Transcriptome ; Macaca fascicularis/metabolism*