Objective To compare the safety and immunogenicity between domestic and imported,imported and imported split influenza virus vaccine in Chinese population. Methods The published studies during January 1996 and June 2008 on the comparison between split influenza virus vaccine were screened and evaluated.The meta analysis was performed on safety and immunogenicity using fixed model or random model according the heterogeneity of the studies. Results 12 studies which were all random controlled trials between split vaccine were included.10 trials were between domestic and imported vaccine,and 2 trials were between imported and imported vaccine.For 10 domestic and imported vaccine trials,the local reaction pooled OR=0.81,95% CI (0.59,1.11);the systemic reaction the pooled OR=0.78,95% CI (0.50,1.03);the H1N1 subtype seroconversion pooled OR= 0.94,95% CI (0.78,1.14);the H3N2 subtype seroconversion pooled OR =1.01,95% CI (0.87,1.17);the B type seroconversion total OR= 1.35,95% CI (0.98,1.85).For 2 imported and imported vaccine trials,the local reaction pooled OR = 1.19,95% CI (0.60,2.37);the systemic reaction the pooled OR =1.15,95% CI (0.71,1.87);the H1N1 subtype seroconversion pooled OR= 1.27,95% CI (0.37,4.37);the H3N2 subtype seroconversion pooled OR= 1.29,95% CI (0.39,4.33);the B type seroconversion pooled OR= 0.95,95% CI (0.46,1.37). Conclusions There were no statistical difference on the safety and immunogenicity between domestic and imported,imported and imported split influenza vaccine in Chinese population.

Objective To evaluate the reliability and validity of the Chinese version of A Tool to Assess Quality of Life in Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis (ATAQ-IPF), and discuss the applicability of this tool among interstitial lung disease (ILD) patients. Methods 128 patients with ILD were selected from the respiratory department of Peking Union Medical College Hospital, and a convenient sampling method was adopted. Test-retest reliability cofficient, Cronbach αinternal consistency, content validity, criterion related validity were used to evaluate the reliability and validity of the Chinese version of ATAQ-IPF. Results Among first 15 recruited patients, the localized ATAQ-IPF had good test-retest reliability, the intraclass correlation coefficient(ICC) calculation was 0.95 (P<0.05). The evaluation of all 128 patients showed excellent internal consistency with the Cronbach α was 0.96,Cronbach α values of each dimension were 0.60-0.93. The scale level content validity index (S-CVI) was 0.80;The item level content validity index (I-CVI)were 0.78-1.00,which proved good validity. The score between the Chinese version of ATAQ-IPF and St. George Respiratory Questionnaire(SGRQ) showed a significant correlation (r=0.69, P<0.01). Criterion related validity was good. 128 patients were grouped according to the entity and the degree of dyspnea,evaluated the quality of life. There was a significant difference between idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) and non-IPF patients(t=2.99, P < 0.01).Also the differences between different degrees of dyspnea were statistically significant(t=16.05, P<0.01). Conclusions The Chinese version of ATAQ-IPF retains good reliability and validity, and is qualified to assess the quality of life among ILD patients.

Objective To explore the effect of appreciation intervention on anxiety and complications in patients with renal biopsy. Methods A total of 197 cases of renal biopsy patients were divided into the control group (n=96) and the observation group (n=101). The observation group was given comprehensive nursing intervention with appreciation, the control group was only given comprehensive nursing care, the two groups were evaluated with Zung Self-rating Anxiety Scale (SAS) upon admission and 1 week after puncture. Results After intervention, the SAS score of the observation group was 30.87 ± 4.52, and the SAS score of the control group was 32.32 ± 3.72, and the difference between the two groups was statistically significant (t=2.45,P<0.05). Totally 97 patients in the observation group and 78 cases in the control group received bed urination exercises, and the difference between the two groups was statistically significant (χ2=9.412,P<0.01). The complications of two groups were collected, the complications in the observation group were 27 cases, and the complications in the control group were 50 cases, the difference between the two groups was statistically significant (χ2=13.285,P<0.01). Among the postoperative complications, 8 of the patients in the observation group had urinary retention, and 19 of the control group had urinary retention (t=2.446,P=0.015). In the observation group, 3 cases had abdominal distention, and 10 cases in the control group suffered from abdominal distension (t=2.117, P=0.035). In the observation group, 1 case had low back pain, and 6 cases in the control group suffered from lumbago (t=2.004, P=0.047); the difference was statistically significant. Conclusions Appreciate intervention for patients with renal puncture biopsy has a positive impact on the bed urination exercise in puncture before surgery. It can alleviate the anxiety of patients received renal biopsy, reduce urinary retention, abdominal distension and pain complications, and improve bedridden experience.

Objective:To investigate the stress distribution of mandibular implant-supported complete overdenture and supporting tissue with different location of implants.Methods:By three-dimentional finite element method, the stress distribution in the supporting tissue and overdenture supported by implants located in the interforaminal region or bilateral canines and first molars area was analyzed.Results:The overdenture supported by implants located in the interforaminal region showed poor oblique loading resistance, the peak value of stress in implant-bone interface was 2.4-9.2 times higher than that of vertial loading. Under vertical or oblique loading conditions, there was higher stress concentration in implants and base plates. The overdenture supported by implants located in bilateral canions and first molars area manifested better mechanical characteristic, the peak value of stress in supporting tissue was in the physiological range of bone.Conclusion:The location of implants in molar area can enhance the ability of overdenture to resist oblique loading, reduce the peak value of stress in implant-bone interface.

ObjectiveTo investigate the effects of hippocampal CA3 dopaminergic system in acquisition and consolidation of Pavlovian fear conditioning,and expression of GluR1 and NR2B in medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC),CA1 and basolateral amygdala (BLA) after fear conditioning training.MethodsBilateral injection 6-OHDA into hippocampal CA3 to lesion dopaminergic fibers 2 weeks before fear conditioning training.The change of GluR1 and NR2B were analyzed by western blot after training.ResultsCompared with the saline group ( (66.44 ± 16.58)％ ),there were significant decreases ( (39.24 ± 12.83)％,(31.15 ±6.51 )％ ) in the consolidation of short- and long- term fear memory (P ＜ 0.05 ) but not the acquisition ( ( 65.58 ± 5.33 ) ％,P ＞ 0.05).The expression of GluR1 protein was significantly increased in BLA (P＜0.01 ) but not the mPFC or hippocampal CA1 (P＞1.05 ),compared with the saline group.In addition,the expression of NR2B protein was significantly increased in the mPFC and decreased in BLA (P＜0.01) but not the hippocampal CA1 (P＞0.05),compared with the saline group.ConclusionDown-regulation of dopaminergic system in hippocampal CA3 may impair the consolidation but not the acquisition of fear memory,and also regulate the expression of GluR1,NR2B protein related to fear memory in other brain regions.

AIM: To develop an RP-HPLC method for preparing the reference substanc of vicenin-2 in Desmodium styracifolium. METHODS: Ethanol-extract of desmodium styracifolium was isolated and purified by RP-HPLC combining solvent extraction with column chromatography and recrystalliztion.The purity and content of vicenin-2 were identified by HPLC. RESULTS: The flvonoids were completely separated under this chromatographic condition.The purity of the reference substance was 99.0% or above. CONCLUSION: The method is simple,accurate,better on repeatability,and effective to yield high-purity product.It can be used as reference substance for the research of herbal medicine.

AIM:To prepare a compound as the chemical reference substance of Guangjinqiancao Zonghuangtong Capsule.METHODS:To apply general column chromatography combined with preparative HPLC to isolate the target compound,to use analytic HPLC to determine the purity,stability and its content in the capsule,and to employ spectroscopic analysis (UV,IR,ESI-MS,1H-NMR,13C-NMR,DEPT,1H-13CCOSY,1H-1HCOSY,1DHOHAHA.1D.NOE,HMBC) to elucidate the structure of the isolated compound.RESULTS:The obtained compound was identified as isoschaftoside with the purity of over 99%, which was stable within 3 months at ambient temperature.As for isosehaftoside solution.it was stable within 8 h at ambient temperature.Its content in the capsule was above 3.0%.CONCLUSION:Isoschaftoside is a qualified reference substance for analytic assay ofGuangjinqiancao Zonghuangtong Capsule,and can be isolated from Desmodium styracifolium(Osb.)Merr.

Objective To observe the effect of Huazhuo-Jiedu-Huoxue Tongluo recipe on local inflammation of cerebral ischemia reperfusion injury in mice. Method Fifty Kunming Mice were randomly divided into five groups: model group, high-dose group of TCM, low-dose group of TCM, nimodiping group and sham operation group. Each group had 10 mice. Mice models of the right middle cerebral artery CIRI in the first four groups were established through thread embolism method. Physiological saline was given to the mice in the model group and sham operation group. Nimodipine solution was given to the mice in the Nimodipine group. High and low dose of Huazhuo-Jiedu-Huoxue-Tongluo Chinese medicine decoction were given to the mice in the high dose of TCM group and low dose of TCM group respectively after the models were successfully established. To assess the expression level of IL-6 and TNF-α by radioimmunoassay after the treatment. Results Compared with model group [(219.29±39.28) pg/ml, (1.325 ± 0.236) ng/ml] , the level of IL-6 and TNF-α of high dose of TCM group[(120.69±49.23)pg/ml, (1.086±0.178)ng/ml], low dose of TCM group[(173.97±49.03)pg/ml, (0.937 ± 0.105)ng/ml]and nimodipine group[(170.88± 47.06)pg/ml, (1.092±0.184) ng/ml]decrease (P<0.05). There is no significant difference between the high dose of TCM group and the sham operation group (P>0.05). Conclusion Huazhuo-Jiedu-Huoxue-Tongluo recipe can restrain the expression of inflammatory cytokines and reduce the infiltrating of leukocytes in mice with cerebral ischemia reperfusion injury.

Objective To investigate the value of kinetic features measured by computer-aided diagnosis (CAD)for breast MRI.Methods One hundred and sixty four lesions diagnosed pathologically by operation or biopsy comprised the analysis set.Automated lesion kinetic information from CADStream programs for breast MRI was identified.Three CAD variables were compared for benign and malignant lesions: initial phase peak enhancement (greatest percentage of signal intensity increase on first contrast enhanced sequence),delayed phase enhancement categorized by a single type of kinetics comprising the largest percentage of enhancement (washout,plateau,or persistent),and delayed phase enhancement categorized by single most suspicious type of kinetics (any washout ＞ any plateau ＞ any persistent).Morphological characteristics of breast lesions were described according to breast imaging and reporting data system (BI-RADS).Initial phase peak enhancement mean values between benign and malignant breast lesions were compared by using Wilcoxon rank-sum test,delayed phase enhancement categorized by a single type of kinetics comprising the largest percentage of enhancement or by single most suspicious type of kinetics between benign and malignant breast lesions were compared by using Chi-square test.Results There were 72 benign and 92 malignant breast lesions.A total of 123 (75.0％) mass lesions were identified,and the other 41 (25.0％) lesions showed no mass.Thirty lesions were BI-RADS-MRI 2,68 lesions were BI-RADS-MRI 3,43 lesions were BI-RADS-MRI 4,23 lesions were BI-RADS-MRI 5.Initial phase peak enhancement mean values of benign and malignant lesions were 237％ (69％ to 629％)and 336％ (86％ to 793％),respectively.There was no significant difference between benign and malignant lesions in initial peak enhancement mean value (Z =-1.626,P =0.104).Delayed phase enhancement categorized by single most suspicious type of kinetics (any washout ＞ any plateau ＞ any persistent) for benign and malignant lesions were 15,10,47 and 2,3,87 respectively.There was a significant difference between benign and malignant lesions (x2 =23.562,P =0.000).Initial peak enhancement value ＜ 100％ or ≥100％ were 5 and 67 for benign lesions,3 and 89 for malignant lesions,respectively.There was no significant difference between benign and malignant lesions at 100％ threshold (x2 =1.181,P =0.277).Delayed phase enhancement categorized by a single type of kinetics comprising the largest percentage of enhancement (washout,plateau,or persistent) for benign and malignant lesions were 48,6,18 and 47,15,30 respectively.There was no significant difference between benign and malignant lesions (x2 =4.496,P =0.106).Conclusions Of CAD kinetics analyzed,only delayed enhancement categorized by most suspicious type is helpful for the differentiation between benign and malignant lesions.However,there is significant overlap between initial peak enhancement at 100％ threshold or delayed kinetics categorized by largest percentage enhancement types of benign and malignant lesions,so lesion morphologic features should be considered.

Aim: To evaluate the safety of glufosfamide in Beagle dogs. Methods: The safety of glufosfamide in Beagle dogs following single iv and multiple iv administration for 3 months was observed. Results: The minimum lethal dose of glufosfamide was 100 mg/kg. The maximum non-lethal dose of glufosfamide was 50 mg/kg. The approximate lethal dose of glufosfamide was 75-100 mg/kg. No serious adverse reactions was observed in Beagle dogs following multiple iv administration once a week for 3 months at the dose of 20 mg/kg, 40 mg/kg, and 60 mg/kg. However, organ injury was observed extensively in the high dose-group and mediumt-dose group. The low-dose group showed a light change in individual organs. Conclusion: Under the experimental conditions, 40 mg/kg and 60 mg/kg iv administration once a week for 3 months can lead to extensive organ injury in Beagle dogs, so the dose shouldn't be higher than 20 mg/kg.