Research in lymph node imaging has made great progress in recent years. With the increasing in-depth researches and clinical applications of MRI, PET and molecular imaging, the sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of detecting lymph node metastases have also been improved. Incorporating techniques such as various pulse sequences, contrast enhancement and lymph-node contrast agents has made MRI a superior method for detecting lymph node metastasis of breast cancer in clinical settings.

Objective To explore the differential diagnosis value of DWI ADC for breast lumps,improve the diagnosis of breast cancer specificity.Methods 93 patients with 105 breast tumors were performed with routine MR series and DWI,and the ADC values were measured.Results Lesions ADC values:average ADC value 43 benign lesions in 37 cases was(1.37±0.36)×10-3 mm2/s,the different value between max and min was(0.63±0.19)×10 -3s/mm2.Average ADC value of 62 malignant lesions in 58 patients was(0.90±0.53) × 10 -3 mm2/s,the different value between max and min was(0.91±0.27)×10-3 mm2/s.By statistical analysis,both average ADC values and the max and the min ADC difference value were very significantly different(P＜0.01).Draw diagnosis benign and malignant lesions ROC curves,with ADC values 0.11×10 -3 mm2/s for critical value to judge benign and malignant standard,sensitivity was 67％,specificity was 72％.With 1.0×10- 3 mm2/s for critical value,specificity can raise to 84％,and sensitivity came to 60％.With the maximum and minimum ADC difference value 0.75 × 10-3s/mm2 for critical value,sensitivity was 67％,specificity was 68％.If with 0.80 for critical value,sensitivity was 53％ and specificity 82％.Conclusion The average ADC values of DWI were significant for the identification of benign and malignant lesions.

Objective To explore the related factors that affect the incidence of uterine fibroids to provide a theoretical basis for the clinical diagnosis and prevention.Methods Based on the clinical data selected from June 2014 to July 2016 in pathology of our hospital,159 cases of patients were confirmed with uterine fibroids,a comparative study was employed and the single factor test and the logistic regression analysis were both used to analyze the related risk factors that affecting the incidence of uterine fibroids.Results There were all significant level (P ＜ 0.05) between case and control groups in 40 years to 50 years,the number of abortions (≥2) as well as gynecological diseases,which were the independent factors for the incidence of uterine fibroids.In the present,the regression coefficients of former two factors were 0.186 (P ＜ O.05),and 0.584 (P ＜ 0.05),respectively.The corresponding regression coefficients of breast hyperplasia,vaginitis,cervicitis,endometritis and pelvic inflammatory disease,and other gynecological diseases and gynecological diseases were 0.221 (P ＜ 0.05),O.363 (P ＜ 0.05),O.539 (P ＜ 0.05),0.361 (P ＜ 0.05),and 0338 (P ＜ 0.05),respectively.It suggests that these were independent factors affecting the incidence of uterine fibroids.Conclusions The more the increasing age and the number of abortions,kinds of gynecological diseases infected will increase the risk of patients suffering from uterine fibroids.

Objective To investigate the trend of cardiac reserve function during the normal labor.Methods Sixty-three cases were chosen randomly from hospitalized maternal women in the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University from 2010 June to December ( six months).The digital technique of heart sound signal processing was used to analysize cardiac reserve function parameters including the heart rate ( HR),the ratio of the amplitude of the first heart sound to the second heart sound and the ratio of diastolic to systolic duration (D/S) of pregnant women.Results ( 1 ) Comparisons of cardiac reserve function between uterine contractions and relaxations during labor:①Latent phase of labor ( cervix dilation ＜ 3 cm ):HR was ( 87.3 ± 14.0 ) beats/min in uterine contractions and ( 82.8 ± 12.5 )beats/min in uterine relaxations,the ratio of D/S was 1.14 ±0.27 in uterine contractions and 1.21 ±0.22 in uterine relaxations,the comparisons of the above two were statistically significant,P ＜0.05 ; But the ratio of S1/S2 was 2.19 ±0.82 in uterine contractions and 2.28 ±0.81 in ueterine relaxations,the comparison was not statistically significant,P ＞ 0.05.② During early active stage of labor ( cervix dilation 3-6 cm):HR was (89.3 ± 15.4) beats/min in uterine contractions and (83.1 ± 13.5) beats/min in uterine relaxations,the ratio of D/S was 1.09 ± 0.30 in uterine contractions and 1.20 ± 0.27 in uterine relaxations,the comparisons of the above two were statistically significant,( P ＜0.05 ) ;But the ratio of S1/S2 was 2.42 ± 1.08 in uterine contractions and 2.29 ±0.83 in ueterine relaxations,the comparison was not statistically significant ( P ＞0.05 ); ③During late active stage of labor (cervix dilation 6-10 cm),HR was (95.4 ± 18.7 ) beats/min in uterine contractions and (86.2 ± 15.6) beats/min in uterine relaxations,the ratio of D/S was 1.01 ±0.25 in uterine contractions and 1.18 ± 0.25 in uterine relaxations,the comparisons of the above two were statistically significant,( P ＜ 0.05 ) ; But the ratio of S1/S2 was 2.61 ± 1.26 in uterine contractions and 2.67 ± 1.19 in ueterine relaxations,the comparison was not statistically significant ( P ＞ 0.05 ).④ The second stage of labor (cervical dilation ≥ 10 cm ):HR was (109.4 ± 19.7 ) beats/min in uterine contractions and (93.5 ± 16.7 ) beats/min in uterine relaxations,the ratio of D/S was 0.89 ± 0.23 in uterine contractions and 1.14 ±0.26 in uterine relaxations,the ratio of S1/S2 was 3.66 ± 1.37 in uterine contractions and (2.81 ± 1.07 ) in uterine relaxations,the comparisons of all were statistically significant (P＜0.05).(2)Comparison of cardiac reserve function in uterine relaxations of each stage of labor:①Maternal heart rate gradually increased from latent stage of labor to the second stage of labor,and decreased postpartum,the comparison was statistically significant ( P ＜ 0.05 ) ;② The ratio of S1/S2 of maternal gradually increased from latent stage of labor to the second stage of labor,and decreased postpartum,the comparison was statistically significant( P ＜0.05 ) ;③ The ratio of D/S gradually decreased from latency to the second stage of labor,and increased postpartum,the comparison was statistically significant( P ＜0.05 ).(3) Comparison of cardiac reserve function in uterine contractions of each stage of labor:① Maternal heart rate gradually decreased from latent stage of labor to the second stage of labor,the comparison was statistically significant( P ＜ 0.05 ) ;② The ratio of S1/S2 of maternal gradually increased from latent stage of labor to the second stage of labor,the comparison was statistically significant( P ＜ 0.05 ) ; ③ The ratio of D/S gradually decreased from latency to the second stage of labor,the comparison was statistically significant (P ＜0.05).Conclusions The maternal cardiac reserve function decreased in uterine contractions than relaxation during labor; With the progress of labor,the maternal cardiac reserve function declined,especially in the second stage of labor,and recovered in postpartum stage.

Objectives: To evaluate if the administration of an enteral diet supplemented with glutamine, arginine and ? 3 fatty acids modulates inflammatory and immune responses after surgery. Methods: Forty eight patients with gastrointestinal cancer randomised into two groups, one of which was given an isocaloric and isonitrogenous standard diet and the other group was fed the supplemented diet with glutamine, arginine and ? 3 fatty acids. The feeding was started within 48 hours after operation, and continued until day 8. All variables were measured before operation and on postoperative day 1 and 8. Immune response was determined by phagocytosis ability, respiratory burst of polymorphonuclear cells, total lymphocytes lymphocyte subsets, nitric oxide, cytokine concentration, and inflammatory responses by plasma levels of C reactive protein and prostaglandin E 2. Results:Tolerance of both formula diets was excellent. There were significant differences in the immunological and inflammatory responses between the two groups. In supplemented group, phagocytosis and respiratory burst after surgery were higher and C reactive protein level was lower ( P

Objective To find the chemical elements whose contents are abnormal in the soil of the high prevalence areas of birth defects in Shanxi Province. Methods 131 soil samples were collected from the high and low prevalence areas of birth defects respectively in 2005, the contents of 16 elements were determined with inductively coupled plasma (ICP)machine. The data were analyzed with regression and nonparametric tests. Results The total content of elements in the soil of the high prevalence areas was significantly higher than that of the low prevalence area. Compared with the low prevalence area, in a high prevalence area, the content of Mo, As, Pb, Ni, V and Se in soil was abnormal, Mo, As, Ni and Pb showed a significant relationship to the prevalence rate of birth defects, in another high prevalence area, the content of Sn, Se, Mo, Zn, Sr, Pb, Ni, Fe, V, Ca, Cu, Al, Mg and Na was abnormal, Pb, Mg, Ca, Al and Zn showed a significant relationship to the prevalence rate of birth defects. Conclusion Maybe the abnormal content of Mo, As, Ni, Pb, Mg, Ca, Al and Zn in the soil is one of the risk factors for birth defects.

Objective To develop a high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC)method for the determination of active components,sodium ascorbic phosphate,?-arbutin,hydroquinone,niacinamide,brillian-280 and phenol,in the whitening and Freckle-removing cosmetics.Methods Whitening and freckle-removing active components were separated on a C8 column(250 mm?4.6 mm,5 ?m)by using triethanolamine solution(11.15g triethanolamine dissolved in 1 L water,pH=7.7 adjusted with 1.75 ml H3PO4)+methanol=70+30 as the mobile phase at a flow rate of 1.2 ml/min,using diode array detector(DAD)with the detection wavelengh of 273 nm and the column temperature of 25℃.Results The coefficient of variation was less than 4.7% and the recovery rates were 87.3%-112.9%.Conclusion The method introduced in this paper is simple,rapid,accurate and is suitable for the analysis of various cosmetic samples.

Objective To screen the HCV NS4A binding protein. Methods By using HCV NS4A as a solidified selective molecule, the T7 select human liver cDNA library was biopanned and the positive clones were selected. After screening, the positive plaques was amplified and then cloned into the pGEM-Teasy vector. Two positive plaques were chosen for DNA sequencing. Results The binding protein of HCV NS4A was identified as mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)-activated protein kinase 5 (MAPKAPK5) by BLAST. Conclusion This approach provides a new way for the study of the pathogenic mechanism of HCV infection.

Objective To screen the HBV core promoter binding protein, and to investigate their potential role in the replication of HBV DNA. Methods By using HBV core promoter being used as a selective molecule, the T7select human liver cDNA library was biopanned and the positive clones were selected. Results After phage display screening, the positive plaques was amplified and then cloned into the pGEM-Teasy vector. Six positive plaques were chosen for DNA sequencing. The binding protein of HBV core promoter was identified as caboxypeptidase N(CPN) by BLAST. Conclusion The results suggest that phage display screening of binding protein of HBV core protein provides a new approach to study the replication mechanism of HBV DNA.

Objective To express soluble human anti-idiotypic single chain Fv to hepatitis C core protein in E.coli. Methods Using phage display technique, the semisynthetic phage library was panned by HCV core monoclonal antibody which was coated in a microtiter plate. After three rounds of biopanning, 53 clones were identified specific to HCV core antibody. The specificity of anti-idiotypic scFv was determined by ELISA. After digested with Sfi/Not, the selected HCV core anti-idiotypic scFv positive clone was subcloned into the vector pCANTAB5E for the expression of E-tagged soluble anti-idiotypic scFv. The E.coli XL1-Blue was transformed and induced by IPTG. The specificity of anti-Id scFv was evaluated with ELISA. Results HCV core anti-Id scFv DNA digestion and sequence data showed that the scFv gene was composed of 774bp. ELISA results demonstrated that the soluble human HCV core anti-idiotypic scFv to HCV core monoclonal antibody had a specific combination character. The molecular weight of expressed HCV core anti-idiotypic scFv was 28kD as shown by SDS-PAGE. Conclusion HCV core anti-Id scFv has been successfully expressed in E.coli.