Aim To investigate the protective effects and mechanisms of a 5-lipoxygenase (5-LO) inhibitor zileuton on the acute lung injury (ALI) induced by focal cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury (CIRI) in rats.Methods The right middle cerebral artery in rats were occluded by inserting a thread through internal carotid artery for 2 h,and then reperfused for 24 h.Zileuton(10,50 mg?kg-1) was orally administered 2h before ischemia and 0,5,10 h after reperfusion.Morphological changes of the lung tissue were observed by hematoxylin-eosin (HE)staining technique. Lung wet/dry weight ratios were detected to observe the water content of the lung. The mRNA of cysteinyl leukotrienes recepor1 (CysLTR1) was detected by RT-PCR. The content of Leukotriene B4 (LTB4) in serum was measured by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) technique. The expression of TNF-? protein was measured by immunohistochemical technique. The activities of MPO, T-AOC, and Na+,K+-ATPase from the lung tissue were measured by biochemical method.Results With the use of zileuton 10, 50 mg?kg-1,the pathological changes of the lung were alleviated. and the wet/dry weight in the lung tissue was reduced(P

0.05);one week after surgery,the fasting blood glucose level showed a sustained and steady downward trend(P0.05).Conclusions Gastric bypass operation has a good therapeutic effect on type 2 diabetes in the non-obese patients,and this therapeutic effect is not dependent on loss of body weight.

Objective: To investigate the short-term effects of ischemic preconditioning (IP) on left ventricular diastolic function in diabetic patients with acute myocardial infarction(AMI). Methods: Totally 188 patients with first AMI were studied. Eighty-one patients without diabetes were divided into group A (with IP) and group B (without IP). The other 107 patients with diabetes were divided into group C (with IP) and group D (without IP).The effect of IP on peak creatine kinase value and left ventricular diastolic function were analyzed separately. Results: The peak creatine kinase value, the peak creatine kinase MB fractions and the incidence of E/A

Objective To analyse clinical features of dead children in pediatric intensive care unit(PICU) of Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University from 2005 to 2014.Methods Clinical data of 917 dead cases in PICU from January 2005 to December 2014 in this hospital were collected,then distribution characteristics of age,length of hospital stay,time of dead and transfer department were analysed.The death cause analysis was conducted as well.Results According to systematic classification of disease,the top 10 leading causes of death for 917 dead cases in PICU from 2005 to 2014 in this hospital were congenital deformity,infectious disease,respiratory disease,injury and poisoning,digestive system disease,tumor,symptoms,signs and abnormal clinical and laboratory findings not elsewhere classified,circulation system disease,nervous system disease,blood system disease.Compared with 2005-2014,the ratio of dead cases due to infectious diseases to the total cases was declined,while that due to non-infectious diseases was increased,there was statistically significant difference (x2 =26.29,P =0.00).Whereas,the ranks of septicopyemia and hand-foot-mouth disease in the rank order of death causes both were increased.Condusion Congenital deformity is the first cause of death in PICU of this hospital.The key to cutting children's mortality is to reduce newborn with congenital deformity.

AIM:To investigate the influential factors of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability and to observe the effects of zileuton,a selective 5-lipoxygenase inhibitor (5-LO),on focal cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury (CIRI).METHODS:The right middle cerebral artery of the rat was occluded by inserting a thread through internal carotid artery for 2 h,and then reperfused for 24 h. Zileuton (10,50 mg?kg-1,po) was orally administered 2 h before ischemia and at 0,5,10 h after reperfusion. The permeability of blood brain barrier (BBB) was detected by using Evans blue (EB) as a labelling compound. The degree of cerebral edema was estimated by AutoCAD image analysis software. The mRNA of cysteiny leukotrienes receptor1 (CysLTR1) was detected by RT-PCR. The content of LTB4 in serum was measured by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The expressions of AQP4 and MMP-9 proteins were measured by immunohistochemical staining method. RESULTS:After middle cerebral artery occlussion 2 h/reperfusion 24 h,the permeability of BBB in the brain tissue of injured side and the brain edema degree were increased. The content of LTB4 in serum was elevated. The expression of CysLTR1 mRNA from the brain tissue of occluded side was enhanced. The expressions of MMP-9 and AQP4 proteins of the ischemia realm and ischemia penumbra (IP) of the infarct focus perimeter were increased. Both 10 and 50 mg?kg-1 doses of zileuton dramatically relieved the BBB permeability destruction and the degree of the brain edema,inhibited the expression of CysLTR1 mRNA in the brain tissue and also reduced the content of LTB4 in serum. The expressions of AQP4 and MMP-9 proteins in the brain tissue were also decreased.CONCLUSION:The permeability of BBB is destroyed after the focal CIRI. The mechanisms of protective effect of zileuton might be attributed to its effects by inhibiting the activation of 5-LO pathways on the brain tissue and circulatory blood,reducing the expressions of AQP4 and MMP-9 proteins of the ischemia and IP realm in the brain tissue.

To study the effects of Xuesaitong Injection, an extract from a Chinese herbal medicine, on coagulation function of gastric cancer patients undergoing laparoscopic surgery.

Endodermal Sinus Tumor ; pathology ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Vaginal Neoplasms ; pathology

ObjectiveTo evaluate the long-term outcomes of carotid endarterectomy versus carotid artery stenting for carotid stenosis.MethodsPubMed, EMBASE, and the Cochrane databases were retrieved.The randomized controlled trials of comparing CEA with CAS in patients with carotid artery stenosis were enrolled.The data such as the research basic characteristics and the long-term outcomes including stroke or death combined endpoints, any stroke or any death were extracted.The Stata software was used to conduct statistical analysis.ResultsA total of 7 randomized controlled trials and 8 210 patients were included.The median follow-up time was 2-7.4 years.The overall quality of the included studies was high and the risk of bias was low.The meta-analysis showed that the risks of the combined endpoint of stroke or death (hazard risk [HR] 1.21, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.04-1.39), any stroke (HR 1.32, 95% CI 1.15-1.51) and ipsilateral stroke (HR 1.26, 95% CI 1.02-1.55) in the CAS group were significantly higher than those in the CEA group;the risks of death (HR 1.06, 95% CI 0.95-1.18), disabling stroke (HR 1.23, 95% CI 0.95-1.60), non-ipsilateral stroke (HR 1.12,95% CI 0.81-1.55) and restenosis (HR 1.18,95% CI 0.91-1.52) were not significantly different between between the CAS group and the CEA group.Conclusions CAS and CEA are associated with similar risks of long-term death, disabling stroke, non-ipsilateral stroke and restenosis.The risks of long-term combined endpoint of stroke or death, any stroke and ipsilateral stroke significantly higher with CAS.These results suggest that CEA remains the treatment of choice for carotid stenosis.

Objective Meta-analysis was conducted to assess the risk of secondary infection caused by tocilizumab(TCZ)in the treatment of Corona Virus Disease 2019(COVID-19),in order to provide an evidence-based basis for the safety of tocilizumab in patients with COVID-19.Methods Cochrane Library,PubMed,Web of Science,CNKI,SinoMed and Wanfang databases were searched in computer to collect randomized controlled trial and cohort study of treating COVID-19 with tocilizumab from December 19,2019 to December 30,2022.A meta-analysis of the results of each study was performed using RevMan 5.4.1 software.Results A total of 1691 references were screened and eighteen studies involving 3933 patients were included.The incidence of secondary infection in the tocilizumab with the standard treatment group and standard treatment group was 19.14%(331/1729)and 12.11%(267/2204),respectively.Meta-analysis showed that the tocilizumab + standard treatment group had a higher incidence of secondary infection than the standard treatment group[RR = 1.35,95%CI(1.05,1.74),P = 0.02].The results of the subgroup analysis showed that the risk of secondary infection with different doses of tocilizumab was different.The incidence of secondary infection was significantly higher in the subgroup with doses of 400～800 mg/d tocilizumab than in the standard care group[RR = 1.48,95%CI(1.19,1.84),P = 0.0004].The incidence of secondary infection in subgroups with doses of≤400 mg/d tocilizumab was also significantly higher than that in the standard treatment group[RR = 1.87,95%CI(1.28,2.72),P = 0.001].However,there was no statistical significance between the subgroup 6～8 mg/kg tocilizumab and the standard treatment group.Conclusions Tocilizumab may increase the risk of secondary infection in patients with COVID-19 compared with standard treatment,and the benefits and risks of tocilizumab should be carefully evaluated before clinical administration.Moreover,large and high-quality studies are needed for further evaluation.

OBJECTIVEIn order to study the relation between polymorphisms of methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase C677T (MTHFR) and susceptibility of stomach cancer (SC).

METHODSWe conducted a case-control study with 107 cases of SC and 200 population-based controls in Huaian city of Jiangsu province, China. The epidemiological data were collected, and DNA of peripheral blood leukocytes was obtained from all of the subjects. MTHFR genotypes were detected by PCR-RFLP method.

RESULTS(1) The frequency of MTHFR variant genotypes (C/T + T/T) among the cases (79.4%) was significantly higher than the controls (68.5%) (P = 0.041 6); the crude OR for SC was 1.78 (95% CI: 0.99 - 3.22). After adjustment for sex and age, the OR for SC was 1.89 (95% CI: 1.08 - 3.32). (2) Subjects who had MTHFR variant genotypes and having smoking habit were at a significantly higher risk of developing SC (OR = 7.72, 95% CI: 2.23 - 26.79) compared with those who had wild-type homozygotes (C/C) genotype and no smoking habit. Individuals who had variant genotypes and who had habit of frequent alcohol drinking were at an increased risk of developing SC (OR = 3.08, 95% CI: 1.30 - 7.23) compared with those with C/C genotype and low consumption of alcohol. As compared with subjects with C/C genotype and low consumption of alcohol and no smoking habit, individuals who had variant genotypes and who had habits of frequent alcohol drinking and smoking had 12.96 (95% CI: 2.76 - 70.46) folds risk developing SC.

CONCLUSIONSThese results in the present study suggested that the polymorphisms of MTHFR C677T was associated with risk of developing SC, and there was a coordinated effect between MTHFR genotypes and habits of smoking and alcohol drinking in the development of SC.

Alcohol Drinking ; Female ; Genetic Predisposition to Disease ; Humans ; Male ; Methylenetetrahydrofolate Reductase (NADPH2) ; Middle Aged ; Oxidoreductases Acting on CH-NH Group Donors ; genetics ; Point Mutation ; Polymorphism, Genetic ; Risk Factors ; Smoking ; Stomach Neoplasms ; epidemiology ; genetics