The events of terror activities, natural disasters and infectious disease epidemics in the 21st century in the USA alert an urgent need to establish a novel hospital emergency management model. The federal government has proposed specific requirements for hospital emergency management in terms of organization, commanding and coordinating, emergency preparedness, training and rehearsal, resource management, communication and information transmission, Most of the American hospitals have adopted the model of hospital emergency management planning and preparedness, including mainly, assigning specialized personnel to hospital emergency management; establishment of an emergency management committee; formulation of an overall preparedness protocol for emergent events; performing fragility analysis; strengthening the coordination with extramural organizations and seeking expertise support; carrying out emergency preparedness training and rehearsal; and regular review and evaluation of the management. The commanding system set up especially to deal with various hospital emergent events is universally applied in American hospitals.

OBJECTIVEThrough correlation and path analysis between total saponins content in rhizome/mycorrhizal infection rate in roots of Pairs polyphylla var. yunnanensis and soil factors, to make an inquiry into the role of soil factors in the quality formation of P. polyphylla var. yunnanensis.

METHODTested total saponins in rhizome, mycorrhizal fungal infection rate in root and physical and chemical properties in rhizosphere soil in 25 different growth areas, and statistically analyzed the relationship between total saponins in rhizome/mycorrhizal infection rate in roots of P. polyphylla var. yunnanensis and soil factors by using correlation and path analysis.

RESULTThe symbiosis relationship between AM mycorrhizal and roots of P. polyphylla var. yunnanensis were better established under natural condition, of which the infection ratio between 36.41%, 83.37%. There were significantly positive correlation between total saponins content in rhizome and urease activity or alkaline phosphatase activities or organic matter in soil, but there was significantly negative correlation between total saponins content and bulk density. There was significantly positive correlation between AM infection ratio and alkaline nitrogen. Path analysis indicated that total saponins of rhizome mainly affected by alkaline nitrogen in soil rhizosphere, secondly by soil organic matter and soil urease activity. While the mycorrhizal fungal colonization ratio was mainly affected by soil pH, secondly by alkaline nitrogen, urease activity, and available phospherus in soil.

CONCLUSIONThere is closed relationship between quality formation of P. polyphylla var. yunnanensis and soil factors. Path analysis is better for reflecting the contribution of soil factors to total saponins and mycorrhizal infection ratio.

Alkaline Phosphatase ; metabolism ; Liliaceae ; chemistry ; microbiology ; Mycorrhizae ; growth & development ; Rhizome ; chemistry ; Saponins ; analysis ; Soil ; analysis ; Urease ; metabolism

The highly virulent PRRSV isolate strain HN-1/06 was cultivated on Marc-145. To study the viral entry mechanisms, the GP5 gene of PRRSV isolate was amplified by RT-PCR and cloned into pcDNA3.0 to generate the expressing plasmid pcDNA-GP5. pcDNA-GP5 was transfected into 293T by the calcium phosphate precipitation method. Analysis of flow cytometry confirmed that the GP5 proteins were expressed in surface of the 293T cells. Then 293T cells were transfected with pcDNA-GP5, pHIT60 and pHIT111 plasmids to generate pseudotyping virus. The pseudotyping virus supernatant was harvested 48 hours post-transfection and was detected by Western blotting and infection assay. Western blotting indicated that the GP5 glycoproteins were incorporated into the retroviral pseudotyped virus. Infection assay showed that the pseudotyped virus infected 293T and Mark-145 cell. The pseudotyped virus could be used to further study infectious mechanism of PRRSV.
Animals ; Cell Line ; Cloning, Molecular ; Endothelial Cells ; cytology ; metabolism ; virology ; Leukemia Virus, Murine ; genetics ; metabolism ; Mice ; Porcine respiratory and reproductive syndrome virus ; chemistry ; genetics ; Recombinant Proteins ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Swine ; Transfection ; Viral Envelope Proteins ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Virion ; genetics ; metabolism

Objective: To assess the safety, feasibility and short-term outcome of totally laparoscopic distal gastrectomy(TLDG). Methods: Seventy-five patients who underwent laparoscopic distal gastrectomy in Cancer Hospital of Chinese Academy of Medical Science between August 2015 and April 2018 were enrolled in this study. A total of 46 laparoscopy-assisted distal gastrectomy (LADG) cases and 29 TLDG cases were included. The Short-term outcomes and safeties of the two groups were compared. Results: The operation time of TLDG group was significantly longer than that of LADG group (207±41 vs. 156±34 min, P<0.001), while the length of wound was shorter in the TLDG group (3.6±0.6 vs. 5.8±0.8 cm, P<0.001). The time to first flatus in TLDG group was (3.3±0.6) days, significantly shorter than (3.7±0.8) days in LADG group (P=0.034). There were no significant differences between the two groups in the estimated blood loss, intraoperative blood transfusion, extraction of gastric tube, drainage tube removal, interval of the first time to eat semi-liquid food, postoperative hospital stays, surgical complications, number of retrieved lymph nodes, proximal and distal resection margin lengths (all P>0.05). The white blood cell count at postoperative day 1 in the TLDG group was (10.96±1.96) ×10⁹/L, significantly lower than (12.49±3.46)×10⁹/L of the LADG group (P=0.017). While the CRP level at postoperative day 1 in the TLDG group were lower than that of LADG group, no statistical difference was observed (P=0.072). Conclusions Our study shows that TLDG is safe and feasible. TLDG has better cosmesis, less blood loss, and faster recovery compared to LADG.