[Objective]To investigate the pathogenesis,pathology,diagnosis and therapy of hyponatremia after acute spinal cord injury.[Method]Fifteen in-patients with hyponatremia after acute spinal cord injury from 2004 to 2006 were retrospectively analyzed.[Result]Serum sodium was lower than 130 mmol/L in all cases.Urine sodiumcanned was from 40 to 68 mmol/L and urine osmotic pressure was from 420 to 980 mmol/L.After limitation of water intake and appropriate salt intake,12 patients recovered at 2 to 3 weeks.Because of fever and avoiding limitation of water intake,the other 3 patients recovered slowly.[Conclusion]The more serious the acute spinal cord injury,the higher the frequency of hyponatremia;syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion(SIADH) is its primary cause: appropriate measures should be taken to correct the hyponatremia according to the findings of serum sodium and urine osmotic pressure.

A total of 89 elderly patients with heart failure and preserved ejection fraction were randomly divided into 2 groups:patients in control group received conventional medication,those in exercise group receive conventional medication plus aerobic exercise training,which was lasted for 6 weeks.The changes in VO2max,maximum heart rate (HRmax),VO2max/HRmax,exercise time,6-minute walk and quality of life (QOL) were evaluated after 16 weeks.The VO2max,HRmax,VO2max/HRmax,exercise time,6-minute walk and QOL had increased significantly in exercise group,compared with the control group.The results indicate that aerobic exercise can improve cardiopulmonary function of elderly patients with heart failure and preserved ejection fraction.

100 inpatients with heart failure were divided into two groups: 50 with preserved LVEF and 50 with reduced LVEF. Another 50 age-matched healthy subjects served as the control group. The severity and etiology of heart failure, tissue Doppler imaging indexes (Sm;Ea;Aa;E/Ea) and plasma BNP concentrations were compared among the three groups. There was no difference in terms of NYHA classification between groups of preserved LVEF and reduced LVEF. Hypertension and DM are more common in the group of preserved LVEF. The index of Sm decreased most significantly in the group of reduced LVEF, and was negatively correlated with the BNP concentration (r = -0. 35, P ＜ 0. 05 ). The ratio of E/Ea increased gradually among the three groups, and was positively correlated with the BNP concentration ( r = 0. 728, P ＜ 0. 05 ). The LV filling index E/Ea and the BNP concentration may be helpful in the diagnosis of heart failure patients with preserved LVEF.

Objective To evaluate a new TNM staging system inclusive of intraperitoneal free cancer cells in terms of postoperative survival of patients with gastric cancer. Methods Free cancer cells (FCC) in the peritoneal washes of gastric cancer patients were estimated by measuring CEA mRNA levels using real-time RT-PCR. After 5-year follow-up, we get the cut-off value of CEA mRNA level by using MedCalc software to analyze the ROC curve. When CEA levels are more than the cut-off value, it may considered as FCC(+), and then using FCC(+) as distant metastasis (MI) to make a new TNM staging and analyze patients life-span. Results (1) Under the ROC curve analysis, when the cut-off value of CEA mHNA level was at 31.21 copies/ml, the Youden's index is the highest. (2) When FCC (+) considered as M1 to make a new TNM staging, the 5-year survival rate showed as below: Ⅰ-Ⅱ, P=0. 134; stage Ⅱ-Ⅲ P=0.004 and Ⅲ-Ⅳ P=0.022,repecetively. Conclusion (1) The best cut-off value of CEA mRNA levels for FCC in peritoneal washes is 31.2 copies/ml. (2) Our study demonstrated that application of FCC(+) in the TNM staging may have a better estimation of prognosis of patients suffering from advanced gastric cancer.

Objective To establish a more sensitive method to detect free cancer cells in peritoneal washings of gastric cancer cases during surgery. Methods The CEAmRNA levels in peritoneal washings in 65 cases of gastric cancer were detected by Real-time RT-PCR. PLC was applied simultaneously to detect free cancer cells. Negative controls included the peritoneal washings from 5 cases of benign gastric diseases and the blood samples from 5 cases of healthy adult volunteers. Results (1)CEAmRNA was not found in peritoneal washings in benign gastric diseases and in blood of healthy adult volunteers. (2)The positive percentage of free cancer cells detected by Real-time RT-PCR was 47.7%, while PLC′s was only 12.3%.(3)The positive rate of CEAmRNA showed a significant difference between gastric cancer with serosal invasion and without serosa invasion groups, between peritoneal metastasis group and no peritoneal metastasis groups, and also between stages I+II and III+IV diseases(all P

Objective To observe the expressions of serum insulin-like growth factor (IGF)- Ⅰ ,Ⅱ and IGF binding protein (IGFBP) 3, 5 and to explore the clinical significances in patients with clear cell carcinoma of kidney. Methods Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) methods were adopted to examine serum expressions of IGF-Ⅰ , Ⅱ and IGFBP 3, 5 in 40 cases with clear cell carcinoma of kidney (renal carcinoma group) and 16 cases with hydronephrosis (control group) from May 2007 to December 2009. Results IGF- Ⅰ , Ⅱ and IGFBP 3,5 in renal carcinoma showed higher expressions before operation (985. 7 μg/L, 1154.0 μg/L,46.6 μg/L and 9.6 μg/L, respectively)than after operation (431.4 μg/L, 632.6 μg/L, 26.7 μg/L, and 6.7 μg/L, respectively, all P＜0. 05 ～0.01). There were no significant differences in those indexes between pre- and post- operation in control group (P＞ 0. 05). Conclusions There are high expressions of serum IGF-Ⅰ , Ⅱ and IGFBP 3, 5 in renal carcinoma patients, and IGF- Ⅱ has clinical significance in diagnosis.

OBJECTIVETo assess the accuracy of immunological fecal occult blood test (iFOBT) for detection of colorectal cancer (CRC).

METHODSA total of 1 197 studies published before June 2014 were selected from PubMed and Embase and 17 of which were finally included in this meta-analysis. A bivariate mixed-effects models was used for overall value merging and heterogeneity testing. In addition to the overall sensitivity and specificity, the analyses were also performed among certain subgroups, including a "colonoscopy group" (all were referred for colonoscopy diagnosis regardless screening results) and a "follow-up group" (only the screening positive were referred and all were then followed up), a qualitative group and a quantitative group (classified by the way of iFOBT result reading).

RESULTSA total of 161 502 subjects aged from 48 to 63 years were included in the analysis. IFOBT had an overall integrated sensitivity of 0.85 (95% CI: 0.79-0.89) (heterogeneity test: Q = 59.67, P < 0.001) and an overall integrated specificity of 0.93 (95% CI: 0.92-0.94) (heterogeneity test: Q = 1 722.53, P < 0.001) for detection of CRC. In the subgroup analysis, it was found that in the "colonoscopy group" and in the "follow-up group", the sensitivity were 0.81 (95%CI: 0.73-0.87) and 0.88 (95% CI: 0.81-0.92), respectively; the specificity were 0.92 (95% CI: 0.89-0.93) and 0.95 (95% CI: 0.94-0.96), respectively. It was also found that in the qualitative group and the quantitative group, the sensitivity were 0.84 (95% CI: 0.76-0.90) and 0.86 (95% CI: 0.78-0.92), respectively; the specificity were 0.94 (95% CI: 0.91-0.96) and 0.93 (95% CI: 0.91-0.94), respectively.

CONCLUSIONIFOBT had high overall sensitivity and specificity for detecting colorectal cancer.

Objective:To investigate the early evaluation potential of serum levels of apolipoprotein B/apolipoprotein A1 (Apo B/A1), microtubule-associated protein 1-light chain 3 (MAP1-LC3) and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) in acute pancreatitis (AP) patients.Methods:A total of 413 AP patients who were treated at the Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University between January 2019 and August 2020 were enrolled. Serum samples were collected from AP patients within 24 h of admission. Patients were divided into the non-severe acute pancreatitis (Non-SAP, n=315) and severe acute pancreatitis (SAP, n=98) groups according to the severity of the disease. Sixty healthy controls were recruited. The differences of serum Apo B/A1, MAP1-LC3 and ICAM-1 among the three groups were compared by one-way analysis of variance, and the correlation between Apo B/A1, MAP1-LC3 and ICAM-1 and the severity of AP was analyzed by Pearson correlation analysis. Sensitivity and specificity in assessing AP severity were predicted by receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC). Results:The early levels of Apo B/A1, MAP1-LC3 and ICAM-1 were all significantly higher for AP patients than for healthy controls ( P<0.05), and the levels of Apo B/A1, MAP1-LC3 and ICAM-1 in SAP patients were significantly higher than those in non-SAP patients[Apo B/A1: 2.21±1.40 vs. (0.96±0.34); MAP1-LC3: 0.92±0.29 vs. (0.48±0.24) ng/mL and ICAM-1: (235.57±54.50 ) vs. (120.28±61.69)ng/mL; P<0.05]. Pearson correlation analysis showed that levels of Apo B/A1, MAP1-LC3 and ICAM-1 were positively correlated with the first Ranson score after admission ( P<0.05), and ICAM-1 showed the highest degree of correlation with AP severity ( r=0.519). Areas under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) were 0.769 for Apo B/A1, 0.811 for MAP1-LC3, 0.828 for ICAM-1, and 0.938 for combined detection. Conclusions:Serum levels of Apo B/A1, MAP1-LC3 and ICAM-1 within 24 h after admission are significantly correlated with the severity of AP, which has clinical significance for early prediction of the severity of AP.

Glioma is the most common primary central nervous system tumor,mainly derived from glial cells,with strong invasiveness,easy recurrence,and poor prognosis.Glioblastoma is a high-grade glioma with the highest degree of malignancy.The clinical treatment method is mainly surgical resection,supplemented by compre-hensive treatment such as radiotherapy,chemotherapy,and electric field therapy,but the treatment effect is not satisfactory.In recent years,with the rapid development of the field of tumor immunotherapy,CD73 is a novel immune checkpoint related to adenosine metabolism,which can promote tumor progression by inhibiting anti-tumor immune responses and promoting angiogenesis.This article systematically reviews the mechanism of action of CD73 and discusses its biological role and application in glioma,aiming to provide potential treatment options for glioma patients.

Objective To assess the accuracy of immunological fecal occult blood test (iFOBT) for detection of colorectal cancer (CRC). Methods A total of 1 197 studies published before June 2014 were selected from PubMed and Embase and 17 of which were finally included in this meta-analysis. A bivariate mixed-effects models was used for overall value merging and heterogeneity testing. In addition to the overall sensitivity and specificity, the analyses were also performed among certain subgroups, including a“colonoscopy group”(all were referred for colonoscopy diagnosis regardless screening results) and a"follow-up group" (only the screening positive were referred and all were then followed up), a qualitative group and a quantitative group (classified by the way of iFOBT result reading). Results A total of 161 502 subjects aged from 48 to 63 years were included in the analysis. IFOBT had an overall integrated sensitivity of 0.85 (95%CI:0.79-0.89)(heterogeneity test:Q=59.67,P<0.001)and an overall integrated specificity of 0.93 (95%CI:0.92-0.94)(heterogeneity test:Q=1 722.53,P<0.001)for detection of CRC. In the subgroup analysis, it was found that in the"colonoscopy group"and in the"follow-up group", the sensitivity were 0.81 (95%CI: 0.73-0.87) and 0.88 (95%CI: 0.81-0.92), respectively; the specificity were 0.92 (95%CI: 0.89-0.93) and 0.95 (95%CI: 0.94-0.96), respectively. It was also found that in the qualitative group and the quantitative group, the sensitivity were 0.84 (95%CI:0.76-0.90) and 0.86 (95%CI:0.78-0.92), respectively;the specificity were 0.94 (95%CI: 0.91-0.96) and 0.93 (95%CI: 0.91-0.94), respectively. Conclusion IFOBT had high overall sensitivity and specificity for detecting colorectal cancer.