Zika virus (ZIKV) was first isolated in 1947. It is known to circulate mainly in tropical areas and can be transmitted through Aedes mosquitoes. In 2015, an outbreak of ZIKV began in Brazil and then spread rapidly to the Latin Americans and Caribbean. Accumulating evidence indicates that there are associations between ZIKV infection and human nervous disorders, such as the occurrence of microcephaly in neonates and Guillain-Barré syndrome in adults. The current ZIKV outbreak has been declared a public health emergency of international concern. Here, we review the virological features, transmission and epide-miological characteristics of ZIKV and the clinical featrues and prevention of ZIKV infection.

To determine the effect of propofol on myocardial contractility. Method: Twenty hamsters were allocated to receiving intravenous propofol 2.5mg?kg~(-1)(group Ⅰ) or thiopentone 4mg?kg~(-1)as control (group Ⅱ) dp/dt_(max), was determined using a catheter inserted into the left ventricle from right carotid artery. LVP (LVSP, LVDP, LVMP), CVP, HR were recorded simutaneously. Resutt: dp/dt_(max), decreased insignitieantly in group Ⅰ but signitieantly in group Ⅱ. LVP(LVSP, LVDP, LVMP) decreased, while CVP increased significantly in both groups (P0.05). Conclusion.. The influence of propofol on myocardial contractility is weaker than that of thiopenone.

Objective Retrospectively evaluate low dose computed tomography (CT) as part of a combined 18F-NaF positron emission tomography (18F-NaFPET/CT) examination in lung cancer patients suspected of bone metastases. Methods 118 of 122 lesions with increased uptake of 18F-NaF were assessed. Characteristics of bone metastases on CT images were reviewed by radiologists. Results 27 of 47 metastases presented as sites of increased uptake with corresponding lytic or sclerotic changes on low dose CT. Other 20 show normal or non-specific appearing bone on CT. Most benign lesions (67 of 71,94%)have a benign appearance on low-dose CT. Conclusions Low dose CT images were useful in precisely diagnosing bone metastasis. Negative low dose CT appearance to the abnormal foci on PET may be a reliable sign of metastases.

BACKGROUND:How to avoid denervated muscular atrophy is a key factor to improve the therapeutic efficacy on peripheral nerve injuries. OBJECTIVE:To study the effect of basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) gene-transfected bone marrow mesenchymal stem cels against denervated muscle atrophy. METHODS: bFGF genes were transfected into rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cels using viral transfection method, and then MTT, immunohistochemical staining, hematoxylin-eosin staining, RT-PCR, western blot, and ELISA methods were used to detect the transfection efficiency and product expression. Thirty-two Sprague-Dawley rats were selected to make animal models of sciatic nerve injury, and subjected to multi-point intramuscular injection of bFGF-transfected bone marrow mesenchymal stem cels (experimental group) or cel culture fluid (control group). At 2, 4, 6, 8 weeks after transfection, the gastrocnemius muscle tissues were harvested to detect action potential, residual wet weight, and cross-sectional area of muscle fibers. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The bFGF gene was successfuly transfected into bone marrow mesenchymal stem cels using the viral transfection method. The residual wet weight, cross-sectional area and residual action potential of the gastrocnemius muscle were significantly better in the experimental group than the control group (P < 0.05). These findings indicate that bFGF gene-transfected bone marrow mesenchymal stem cels transplanted into the denervated muscle can retard the development of muscle atrophy. Cite this article:Yu N, Wang YS, Qi CP.Application of basic fibroblast growth factor gene-transfected bone marrow mesenchymal stem cels in denervated muscle atrophy. Zhongguo Zuzhi Gongcheng Yanjiu. 2016;20(1):89-94.

Air purification and disinfection are effective for the control of indoor air contaminationthe by microorganism and the improvement of indoor air quality. In this paper, the new progresses of the effectiveness of the methods for air purification and disinfection,including ventilation,ultrovialet disinfection,air filtration,chemical disinfection (ozone,formaldehyde,) are reviewed.

One hundred patients underwent coronary artery bypass grafting and thirty patients underwent replacement of mitral valve were included in this study, and patients were randomized to two groups. Adenosine group (group I):6 mg adenosine was diluted with physiological saline and injected from the root of the ascending aorta after blocking it. The aorta was then perfused with high-potassium cold-blood cardioplegia. Control group (group II):the aorta was just perfused with high-potassium cold-blood cardioplegia. Adenosine was only added in first perfusion in adenosine group. Both groups were reperfused half-amount of cold-blood cardioplegia containing potassium every 30 minutes. Relevant clinical indexes and myocardial enzymological determination were compared between two groups. Results For patients who underwent CABG, the cardiac arrest induced time,ICU dwell and assisted ventilation time after surgery and dopamine usage were all less in adenosine group than those of control group (P < 0.05). There were no significant differences in the total number of cardioplegia of perfusion fluid, the total amount of perfusion, clamping aorta and assisting circulation times and automatic rebeating between two groups (P>0.05). For patients who underwent MVR, the cardiac arrest induced time and dopamine usage were all less in adenosine group than those of control group (P<0.05). There were no significant differences in times and total number of cardioplegia of perfusion fluid, clamping aorta and assisting circulation times, ICU dwell and assisted ventilation time after surgery automatic rebeating between two groups (P>0.05). For both operations, 4 hours after clamping aorta, creatine kinase isoenzyme (CK-MB) was less in adenosine group than that of control group (P<0.01 or P<0.05), and 4 hours and 24 hours after bypass, cardiac troponin I (cTnI) was significantly higher in control group than that of adenosine group (P < 0.05). Conclusion After aorta is clamped, immediate injection of adenosine diluent and cold-blood cardioplegia containing potassium from the root of the ascending aorta can lead to quick heart arrest, reduce the release of myocardial enzymes and dosage of vasoactive agents, and shorten ICU dwell and assisted ventilation time.

In 2009, hepatitis E virus was first detected in wild rats ( Rattus norvegicus) in Germany and was designated as rat hepatitis E virus (rat HEV). Since then, rat HEV has been detected in various murine rodents in many geographic regions. The potential of rat HEV to infect human has been ignored as the viral genomic nucleotide sequences of rat HEV and the HEV strains of human sources are only about 50%-56% identical. Recently, a few clinical hepatitis E cases with chronic or acute rat HEV infection have been reported and raised many concerns. Here, advances in studies of the prevalence of rat HEV in animals and the clinical hepatitis E cases caused by rat HEV were reviewed.

BACKGROUND: Transplantation of fragments of ovarian cortex is performed without vascular reanastomosis, therefore, to increase the tolerance of ovarian tissue to the freezing-thawing and ischemic injuries is critical for follicular survival and functional longevity of the graft.OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) on the morphological and function of sheep ovary tissue in the process of cryopreservation, so that to provide new freezing method for human ovary tissues. METHODS: Healthy BALB/c strain female nude mice were equally and randomly divided into 3 groups and subjected to heterotopic transplantation of fragments of sheep ovarian cortex. (1) Control group: transplantation following sampling; (2) experimental group: transplantation following freezing-thawing, and the solution was free of FSH; (3) FSH group: the freezing and thawing and culture fluid contained FSH. The estrous cycle recovering rate, estrous cycle recovering time, the number of follicle were observed following transplantation. The histological changes, and the level of E2 in blood serum were observed at 4 weeks after transplantation.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: There were no significant differences in estrous cycle recovering rate and number of follicle/PHF between FSH and control groups (P> 0.05), but the number of follicle was greater than the experimental group (P< 0.05). Moreover, the time of estrous cycle recovering in FSH group was similar to control group, but shorter than experimental group (P < 0.05). There were more developing follicular in FSH group, but few in experimental group at 4 weeks. No significant difference was detected in E2 level in blood serum between FSH and control group (P > 0.05), but significantly greater than the experimental group (P< 0.05). Results show that FSH addition in vitrification fluid can improve ovarian follicle survival following cryopreserved sheep ovary tissue transplantation.

Objectlve To evaluate the clinical value of the detection of Myeobacterium tuberculosis (MTB)and its L-forms(MTB-L)in pefipheral blood.Methods MTB and MTB-L in blood samples of 156 patients with tuberculosis and 147 patients with lung cancer were detected by hemolysis centrifugal drop Intensified Kinyoun's acid fast staining (IK) and hemolysis centrifugal culture with 42 healthy persons as controls.MTB DNA was detected by TaqMan-PCR technique in plasma mononuclear cells and whole blood from aforementioned groups.Results Among each groups detected by IK.the MTB positive rate was 1.3%(2/156),0.7%(1/147),and 0%(0/42)respectively.The positive rate of culture was 0.6%(1/156),0%(0/147),and 0%(0/42)respectively.MTB-L positive rate detected by IK was 41.0%(64/156),32.7%(48/147)and 7.2%(3/42).MTB-L positive rate detected by culture was 25.6%(40/156)and 39.5%(58/147).0%(0/42).MTB positive rate were significantly different from the MTB-L positive rate (P＜0.01).Among the 98 strains L-forms,81 strains were from human,17 strains were from bovis,and 44 strains were back to the ancestors.The positive rate of mononuclear ceHs and whole blood obtained from the tuberculosis group detected by TaqMan-PCR were 77.6%(121/156) and 68.6%(107/156)(P＜0.05).The positive rate of mononuclear cells and whole blood from lung cancer group were 59.2%(87/147)and 48.3%(52/147)(P＜0.05),which were higher than the plasma positive rate 12.2%(18/147)(P＜0.05).The result of individual bloed constituents (except for plasma) from two groups were significantly different from the control(P＜0.01).Conclusions MTB-L was found in the peripheral blood of the tuberculosis and lung cancer patients.Hemolysis centrifugal culture is a rapid,simple and reliable method for detecting MTB-L TaqMan-PCR showed the positive rate of MTB DNA in plasma and whole blood samples were significantly higher than that in the plasma.

Objective To set up a method of three-dimensional breast volume measurement, to observe the effect of the artificial influencing factors on the final data, which are used for 3-D reconstruction of breast volume. Methods The CT data were used to reconstruct a digital prototype of the breast implant and the chest. The 3-D models were established firstly, and then the model was reasonablly cut to get single breast volume, breast implant volume, differences of the both sides of chest and breast volume. These methods were put up by the repeated test when the reference frame and the ranges were fixed. And the analysis of the artificial influencing factors was performed on 10 women whose breasts were unsym-metrical. The effects of the artificial influencing factors were analyzed by moving the coordinate axis, revolving the chest around the coordinate axis and changing the selected area. Results The repeatable test showed that the error was less than 4. 08 ml. The average volume differences between both sides of the breast before and after the given influencing factors were set, were 10. 339 ml and 7. 73 ml, as moved ± 4mm along the axis X; as revolving ±2° along the axis Z, that were 8. 654 ml and 7. 971 ml; as increasing or decreasing of the selected diameter of ± 4 mm, that were 6. 764 ml and 4. 267 ml, respectively. Conclusion Using the 3-D reconstruction technique for breast volume measurement is more simple, accurate and repeatable.