AIM: Bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) as polyphenic morphogen can induce the formation of bone and cartilage. This study investigates the effect of BMP on articular cartilage regeneration after periosteal graft. METHODS: Experiments were performed at the Animal Laboratory (absl-3) of Weifang People's Hospital from September 2006 to January 2007. Sixteen New Zealand white rabbits (32 knees) (2.5-3.0 kg) were divided into experimental and control groups randomly, each 8 rabbits (16 knees). The 3.5 mm in diameter of full-thickness articular cartilage defect was made on femoral intercondylar fossa in all rabbits, and 3.5 mm in diameter of periosteum was cut out from the anteromedial part of the upper tibial bone. In the experimental group, the cartilage defect was covered with periosteum, into which 20 ?g BMP and 20% Pluronic were injected. In the control group, the cartilage defect was covered with periosteum, into which the same dosages of 9 g/L saline and 20% Pluronic were injected. All the rabbits were sacrificed in 4, 8 and 12 weeks postoperatively. Motion of joint, conjunction of repair tissue and perienchyma were examined macroscopically. Haematoxylin-eosin staining and toluidine blue staining were used to observe the characteristics of repair tissues. Histological scores on samples in each group were measured by Wakitani score standard at different time points with light microscope. Ultramicrostructure of transplanted tissues was observed with scanning electron microscopy (SEM). RESULTS: Sixteen rabbits were included in the final analysis. Macroscopic observation: 4 weeks after the surgery, the defect was covered with tissue like cartage in the experimental group, and with periosteum in the control group. 8 weeks after the surgery, the surface of the defect was smooth, with boundary unclear in the experimental group. In the control group, the outcome was the opposite. In 12 weeks, cartilage had formed in the experimental group, and tissue like cartilage began to happen in control one. Histological observation: 4 weeks after the surgery, the defect was filled with cells and matrix with abundant proliferation of periosteal cambium layer in the experimental group, and slight proliferation in the control group. 8 weeks after the surgery, the periosteum in the experimental group became fibrocartilage with little hyaline cartilage. Just little fibrocartilage with on hyaline one was detected in the control group. In 12 weeks, the repair tissue in the experimental group approached to normal cartilage. Just fibrous tissue with little fibrocartilage was detected in the control group. Regenerative repair of cartilage defect was better in the experimental group than in the control group (P

Objective To study the clinical application of finger reconstruction by transplantation of two second toes and evaluate the postoperative appearance and function regarding the reconstructed hand and donor feet. Methods Defect of fingers were treated by transplantation and reconstruction with a total of 74 cases,including two second toes transplantation for both thumbs in 2 cases,thumb with index finger in 10 cas es, index finger with middle finger in 8 cases and middle finger with ring finger in 17 cases. Results Sevetythree fingers survived except 1 failed. During the follow up examination made from 3 to 36 months, the reconstructed fingers could move, write and dress with ease, pinch forcefully, show good recovery of manual work and the sensation of pain and warmth. Two-point discrimination found to be between 5 to 10 mm. Both donor feet have symmetrical appearance with normal gait and satisfactory motion. Also, no pain was complained.Conclusion Transplantation of two second toes from both feet is a good method to reconstruct defect of multiple fingers, and has little effect on the appearance and motion of feet.

Objective To explore the influence of obstruction sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) on plasma cystatin C (CC) levels in patients with primary hypertension.Methods A total of 244 cases of primary hypertension patients was chosen.The patients were divided into observation group (with OSAS) and control group (without OSAS) according to apnea hypopnea index (AHI).The observation group was then divided into three subgroups:mild OSAS group,moderate OSAS group,and severe OSAS group.The levels of CC were compared.Results First,the plasma CC levels in patients with primary hypertension had no statistical significance in the differences among different grades of hypertension (P ＞ 0.05).Second,CC levels of observation group were significantly higher than control group (P ＜ 0.05).Third,CC levels of the severe group were higher than the moderate group,and the plasma CC levels of the moderate group were also higher than the mild group and control group.Rank correlation analysis and comparison of CC levels and AHI showed that CC levels were positively correlated with AHI (r =0.585,P ＜ 0.01).However,there were no statistically significant differences between CC levels of the mild OSAS group and control group (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusions The patients with OSAS and primary hypertension had higher levels of CC,and aggravated with the progress of the degree of obstruction.CC may be involved in the progression of the disease,a high level of CC may aggravate the condition,it should be early prevention and treatment.

[ ABSTRACT] AIM:To develop the cell model of polymer/liquid crystal and to study the effect of their elasticity on the adhesion of rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (rBM-MSCs).METHODS: Using the method of solvent e-vaporation induced phase separation, the cell model of polymer/liquid crystal was constructed.The surface morphology and phase separation structure were determined by polarized optical microscopy ( POM) , scanning electron microscopy ( SEM) and small angle X-ray scattering ( SAXS ) .rBM-MSCs were separated and expanded by adherent culture.The surface markers of rBM-MSCs were detected by flow cytometry.The cells were induced to osteogenic differentiation and adipogenic differentiation for 2 weeks.After 3 passages, the cells were divided into 4 groups, including total PU control group, 10%membrane group, 30%membrane group and 50%membrane group.The cells were then incubated with rhodamine phalloi-din for cytoskeleton staining and were observed under the confocal laser scanning microscope after cultured for 24 h.RE-SULTS:The cell model of polymer/liquid crystal was constructed successfully using the method of solvent evaporation in-duced phase separation.Flow cytometry results showed that the rBM-MSCs positively expressed CD29, CD44 and CD90, and negatively expressed CD34 and CD45.After stained with alizarin red S and oil red O, the calcium nodule and lipid droplets in rBM-MSCs were observed obviously.The cytoskeleton staining result indicated that the area in total PU control group, 10%membrane group and 30%membrane group were greater, and the actin microfilaments were also clearer than
that in 50%membrane group.CONCLUSION:The cell model with suitable content of liquid crystal made a contribution to the rBM-MSCs’ adhesion, but too much liquid crystal inhibits cell adhesion.

OBJECTIVETo establish a method for analyzing amorphous organic compound components of space Platycodon grandflorum rapidly.

METHODFTIR was applied for measuring and comparing P. grandflorum of comparison group,the ground group and the 4" generation of space group.

RESULTSeveral active components (platycodin, polysaccharide etc.) contents of space group are increased obviously.

CONCLUSIONThe major components and the structures remained inextenso,and the effictive component contents are enhanced in the space P. grandiflorum. FTIR is a fast method to analyze the changes of amorphous organic compound components of the space traditional Chinese medicines.

Mutagenesis ; physiology ; Platycodon ; chemistry ; Polysaccharides ; chemistry ; Saponins ; chemistry ; Space Flight ; Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared ; methods ; Weightlessness

OBJECTIVETo examine cerebral pathologies in cerebral amyloid angiopathy in a rat model of Alzheimer's disease.

METHODSRat models of Alzheimer's disease was established by stereotactic Aβ1-42 fiber injection in the bilateral hippocampus. The cognitive function of the rats was evaluated with water maze test. HE staining, Congo red staining and double-labeling indirect immunofluorescence were used to examine the dynamic distribution of Aβ fiber deposit in the brain.

RESULTSThe model rats showed significant differences from the control rats in the escape latency and the times of crossing platform in waster maze test. HE staining revealed a decreased number and degeneration of the granular cells with increased glial cells in the model rats. Congo Red staining showed that the Aβ fiber was deposited gradually in the small vessels in the brain parenchyma to cause thickening, stenosis or occlusion of the small vessels. Immunofluorescence staining detected Aβ fiber migration from the parenchyma to the walls of the small arteries in the rat models.

CONCLUSIONCerebral amyloid angiopathy is a major pathological feature in Alzheimer's disease.

Alzheimer Disease ; pathology ; Amyloid beta-Peptides ; chemistry ; Animals ; Brain ; pathology ; Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy ; pathology ; Disease Models, Animal ; Rats ; Staining and Labeling

Objective:To investigate the application effect of the combined teaching model of digital 3D printed model and Tencent conference in case-based learning (CBL) teaching of oral and maxillofacial surgery.Methods:A total of 80 undergraduates in the classes of 2015 and 2016 were selected from School of Stomatology, Qingdao University. The students in the class of 2015 received traditional teaching, and those in the class of 2016 received the combined CBL teaching model of 3D printed model and Tencent conference. A questionnaire survey was used to evaluate the teaching effect, and theoretical examination was used to assess comprehensive abilities of the two groups. SPSS 24.0 was used to perform the chi-square test and the t-test. Results:There was no significant difference in the degree of satisfaction with teaching between the combined CBL teaching model of 3D printed model and Tencent conference and the traditional teaching model ( P>0.05), and both models were generally recognized and accepted by students. The experimental group had a significantly higher score than the control group (94.05±4.16 vs. 86.10±3.37, P<0.05). Conclusion:The combined teaching model of digital 3D printed model and Tencent conference integrates the advantages of the Internet and digital information and thus provides a certain reference for the teaching methods for other majors in stomatology.

Objective To examine cerebral pathologies in cerebral amyloid angiopathy in a rat model of Alzheimer's disease. Methods Rat models of Alzheimer's disease was established by stereotactic Aβ1-42 fiber injection in the bilateral hippocampus. The cognitive function of the rats was evaluated with water maze test. HE staining, Congo red staining and double-labeling indirect immunofluorescence were used to examine the dynamic distribution of Aβ fiber deposit in the brain. Results The model rats showed significant differences from the control rats in the escape latency and the times of crossing platform in waster maze test. HE staining revealed a decreased number and degeneration of the granular cells with increased glial cells in the model rats. Congo Red staining showed that the Aβ fiber was deposited gradually in the small vessels in the brain parenchyma to cause thickening, stenosis or occlusion of the small vessels. Immunofluorescence staining detected Aβ fiber migration from the parenchyma to the walls of the small arteries in the rat models. Conclusion Cerebral amyloid angiopathy is a major pathological feature in Alzheimer's disease.

Objective To examine cerebral pathologies in cerebral amyloid angiopathy in a rat model of Alzheimer's disease. Methods Rat models of Alzheimer's disease was established by stereotactic Aβ1-42 fiber injection in the bilateral hippocampus. The cognitive function of the rats was evaluated with water maze test. HE staining, Congo red staining and double-labeling indirect immunofluorescence were used to examine the dynamic distribution of Aβ fiber deposit in the brain. Results The model rats showed significant differences from the control rats in the escape latency and the times of crossing platform in waster maze test. HE staining revealed a decreased number and degeneration of the granular cells with increased glial cells in the model rats. Congo Red staining showed that the Aβ fiber was deposited gradually in the small vessels in the brain parenchyma to cause thickening, stenosis or occlusion of the small vessels. Immunofluorescence staining detected Aβ fiber migration from the parenchyma to the walls of the small arteries in the rat models. Conclusion Cerebral amyloid angiopathy is a major pathological feature in Alzheimer's disease.

BackgroundSibling relationships play a critical role in shaping anxiety symptoms in firstborn children. Anxiety symptoms often originate in early childhood and can persist into adolescence and adulthood. However， there is insufficient research on anxiety symptoms in preschool children， especially firstborn preschool children. ObjectiveTo explore the influencing factors of anxiety symptoms among firstborn preschool children， so as to provide references for the intervention of anxiety symptom for children in families with multiple children. MethodsFrom October to December 2021， a total of 8 449 children from 234 kindergartens in Longhua District of Shenzhen were included using a cluster sampling method. Sibling Inventory of Behavior （SIB） and Spence Preschool Anxiety Scale （SPAS） were used to investigate. Logistic regression analysis was used to identify influencing factors of anxiety symptoms in firstborn preschool children. ResultsA total of 8 419 （99.64%） valid questionnaires were collected. Anxiety symptoms were detected in 344（4.09%） firstborn preschool children. Statistically significant differences were observed between anxiety group and non-anxiety group in terms of household registration， monthly family income， maternal age， maternal education level， paternal education level， family living conditions and whether they are left-behind children （χ²/t=9.906， 33.490， 5.136， 13.485， 9.690， 17.332， 21.975， P<0.05 or 0.01）. Compared with non-anxiety group， children in the anxiety group scored higher on the SIB dimensions of rivalry， aggression and avoidance （t=165.322， 74.471， 286.419， P<0.01）， and lower on companionship， empathy and teaching （t=59.133， 42.417， 39.112， P<0.01）. Risk factors for anxiety symptoms in firstborn preschool children included left-behind children， as well as negative sibling relationships characterized by rivalry and avoidance （OR=1.195， 1.143， 1.260， P<0.05 or 0.01）. ConclusionFirstborn preschool children who are left-behind are more susceptible to anxiety symptoms. Negative sibling relationships， characterized by competition and avoidance， may also contribute to the emergence of anxiety symptoms in firstborn preschool children.