Objective:To observe the changes of 5-HT1B and D1DR expression in nucleus of SNr/GPi-VL-SMA pathway in pre and post-exhaustive exercise,and investigate the central mechanism of SNr/GPi-VL-SMA pathway modulating the occurrence and development of exercise-induced fatigue.Method:Twenty-four male Wistar rats were randomly divided into control group (CG),immediately after exhaustion group (EG),and 90min after recovery group (RG),each consists of 8 rats.The expression level of 5-HT1B and D1DR receptors in each group were observed with the immunohistochemistry technique.Result:Compared with CG,the positive cell area/scanning area value (R value) and the average optical density value (AOD value) of 5-HT1B receptor in SNr and GPi of the EG and RG rats both decreased significantly (P ＜ 0.05),while the R value and AOD value of D1DR both increased significantly(P＜ 0.05).The R value and AOD value of 5-HT1B receptor in VL of EG and RG rats increased significantly(P＜0.05,P＜0.01).In SMA,the R value and AOD value of 5-HT1B receptor of EG and RG rats increased significantly (P＜ 0.05),while,the R value and AOD value of D1DR receptor decreased significantly (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion:Changes of 5-HT1B receptor and D1DR receptor expression in the nuclei of ‘SNr/GPi-VL-SMA'pathway caused the changes of the neurotransmitters release,thus affecting the excitability of the electrical activity of neurons,this might be one of the important ways for ‘SNr/GPi-VL-SMA'pathway modulating the exercise-induced fatigue and exercise performance.

Background and purpose: Chemokines play an important role in cancer occurrence and development. However, little about the function of CCL26 in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is reported. This study was designed to observe and study the expression of chemokine CCL26 in ESCC tissues and to analyze their association with pathological features of ESCC. Methods: Expressions of chemokine CCL26 in 197 ESCC tissues and their corresponding paraneoplastic normal esophageal tissues were determined by tissue array and immunohistochemistry (IHC) technique, and its correlations to age, gender, lymph nodes metastasis, TNM stage, general classification and 5-year survival rate of ESCC patients were further analyzed. Results: ①CCL26 was expressed in both ESCC and paraneoplastic normal esophageal tissues. The expression of CCL26 in ESCC tissues was signiifcantly higher than that in paraneoplastic normal esophageal tissues (61.8%vs 20.6%, P<0.05).②The expression of CCL26 was correlated with lymph node metastasis, but not correlated with age, gender, tumor cell differentiation, and general classiifcation (P>0.05).③Survival analysis showed that the abnormal expression of CCL26 was associated with 5-year survival rate of patients with ESCC. The 5-year survival rate of ESCC patients with CCL26 positive expression was obviously lower than that of ESCC patients with CCL26 negative expression. Conclusion: CCL26 upexpression might play an important role in the progression and development of ESCC patients. The high level of CCL26 expression is correlated with lymph node metastasis and poor survival. Detection of CCL26 expression may have important prognostic values in ESCC patients.

OBJECTIVE: To shorten drug dispensing time of inpatient pharmacy in our hospital, and to enhance the quality of pharmaceutical care.METHODS: The activity of quality control circle (QCC) was carried out by using "shorten drug dispensing time of inpatient pharmacy" as subject. According to the steps of QCC activity, key links and factors that influence the of drug dispensing time in the inpatient pharmacy were found out. Countermeasures were formulated and implemented according to practical reasons. The activity was evaluated by using the drug dispensing time in every 100 medical orders before and after QCC activity. RESULTS: According to the links of "dispensing medical order" and "checking medical order" that spent longest time, the countermeasures were put forward to improve work efficiency, such as rational drug distribution and design, opmitization of the dispensing route, realizing electronic large infusion prescription by strengthening system informatization, strengthening the management of confusing drugs, strengthening staff training and establishing performance appraisal system. The drug dispensing time was shortened from 43. 99 min (before QCC) to 21. 77 min (after QCC), and target achievement rate was 99. 24％. QCC staff showed positive growth in means, responsibility, team cohesion and other aspects. CONCLUSIONS: QCC activity can shorten the time of drug dispensing, improve work efficiency and pharmacist' s ability of solving problem, and help to improve pharmaceutical care in the inpatient pharmacy.

Objective To explore how leptin affects RA,especially those with joint erosion.Methods The study recruited 48 consecutive patients with RA (14 patients with knee joint effusion) and 23 age and sex matched healthy people.RA patients were grouped into low and moderate activity group [2.6＜28-joint disease activity score (DAS28) ≤5.1,n =5] and high activity group (DAS28 ＞5.1,n =43) according DAS28-ESR;Meanwhile,they were grouped into bone erosive group (n=20) and non-erosive group (n=28) according to X-ray of both hands.Demographic data of RA patients were recorded.ELISA was applied to assess leptin and a disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin-like motifs (ADAMTS4) in serum and synovial fluid of RA group.Sharp/van der Heijde scores were used to assess bone erosion and joint space narrowing.Leptin and ADAMTS4 from serum and synovial fluid were compared between different groups using t test,Rank sum test,Chi-square test and Analysis of Variance,and we did Pearson and Spearman's Corre-lation analyses between these values and clinical features,lab indicators and radiological scores.Moreover,we did single factor and logistic regression analyses,which facilitated screening risk factors of joint destruction.Results Serum leptin in RA group was significantly higher than that of the control group [8.06(6.24) ng/ml vs 4.62(7.13),Z=-2.113,P=0.035],and leptin was positively correlated with Shar/van der Heijde score (r=0.347,P=0.016).Serum leptin in erosive RA patients was higher than that of the non-erosive patients (Z=-2.070,P=0.038),and there was a positive correlation between leptin and ADAMTS4 only in synovial fluid of RA patients with erosion (r=0.900,P=0.037).It was found in logistic regression results that RA patients with more tender joint counts and elevated leptin were more likely to develop bone erosion [OR=1.229,95％CI (1.007,1.500),P=0.043;OR=1.159,95％CI (1.015,1.324),P=0.030].Conclusion Leptin participates RA joint destruction probably by modulating expression of ADAMTS4.Leptin and tender joint count are independent risk factors for RA with joint destruction.

Objective The purpose of this study was to evaluate the degree of skin thickening of patients with systemic sclerosis (SSc) by high-frequecy ultrasound,as well as the value of ultrasound.Methods Thirty-one patients with SSc and 31 age-matched and sex-matched healthy control subjects were enrolled.Skin thickness,modified Rodnan skin score (mRss),disease activity index (DA1) and other clinical parameters within and between groups were compared using SPSS 21 software.Student's t test,x2 test or nonparametric testing was performed to compare between groups.The Pearson or Spearman methods were used to test correlation.Sensitivity and specificity of skin thickness detection by high-frequecy ultrasound were evaluated by using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis.Results Total thickness of skin (TST) of patientswith SSc were positively correlated to the total mRss (r=0.416,P=0.020) and DAI (r=0.436,P=0.014).The skin thickness of patients with mRss 0,1,2 was higher than CNT [1.45(0.60),1.70(0.30) mm,1.60 (0.30) mm vs 1.30 (0.35) mm,Z=-3.242,-6.577,-5.090,P＜0.01].The cut-off value of TST used as the evaluation of skin change was 7.4 mm by ROC curve analysis,and the sensitivity and specificity of them was 77.40％ and 87.10％ respectively,and patients with thickened skin were more likely to suffer interstitial lung disease (ILD) (16 vs 1,x2=26.004,P=0.014),higher mRss [10(6) vs 4(5),Z=-2.499,P=0.031],DAI [(5.2±2.4) vs (2.3±1.7),t=-3.104,P＜0.01)] and CRP [(8.60 (10.48) mg/L vs 3.52 (4.93) mg/L,Z=-2.276,P=0.038].Conclusion US combined with mRss are helpful to evaluate the changes of skin and disease activity of patients in SSc.US can identify the early and subclinical skin involvement that may precede mRss,providing a more reliable tool for diagnosis,treat efficacy and prediction of organ damage.