BACKGROUND: Traditional glass ion sealant has a poor abradability and a low rupture strength. The sealant on the occlusal surfaces easily fell off, and is difficult to replace resin sealant. OBJECTIVE: To observe the effects of traditional resin sealant and atraumatic restorative treatment (ART) glass ionomer-based pit and fissure sealant for the young children. METHODS: Randomized comparison method was used to compare ART glass ionomer-based pit on molars of one side with resin sealant on the opposite side in 89 3-year-old children. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The retention rates of ART glass ionomer sealant after 6 and 18 months were significantly lower than those of resin sealant (P < 0.05). The caducous position of ART gliass ionomer sealant was the second deciduous molar of the lower mandible, but the caducous position of resin sealant was the second deciduous molar of the upper mandible. The secondary caries rate of ART glass ionomer sealant was significantly lower than that of resin sealant at 6 months. No significant difference was determined between groups at 18 months. These suggest that ART glass ionomer pit and fissure sealant has lower drop-out rate, simple operation and low cost with excellent caries-preventing effect. Since it is economically superior to resin sealant, the method is worth popularizing in caries-preventing projects.

BACKGROUND: It has been reported that glass ionomer sealants have a poor wear resistance and low rupture strength that are easy to fall off on the occlusal surfaces. OBJECTIVE: To observe the effects of high-strength glass ionomer via the atraumatic restorative treatment (ART) on the pit and fissure of deciduous teeth in the young children. METHODS: A self-controlled method was used to compare ART glass ionomer-based pit and fissure seal on unilateral molars with resin sealant on the contralateral side in 89 children aged 3 years. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The retention rates of ART glass ionomer sealant after 6 and 18 months were 94.15% and 77.72%, respectively. At 6 months after treatment, ART gliass ionomer sealant was more caducous in mandibular second deciduous molars > mandibular first deciduous molars > maxillary second deciduous molars > maxillary first deciduous molars; at 18 months after treatment, the rank was mandibular second deciduous molars > maxillary second deciduous molars > mandibular first deciduous molars > maxillary first deciduous molars. The second deciduous molar of the lower mandible, but the caducous position of resin sealant was the second deciduous molar of the upper mandible. The caries prevalence rate of the deciduous teeth treated with ART glass ionomer sealant was significantly lower than that without sealant at 6 and 18 months (P < 0.01). These findings indicate that ART glass ionomer pit and fissure sealant is of a lower drop-out rate, easy to operate and of low cost with excellent caries-preventing effect.

Objective To explore the value of wave intensity (WI) parameters in evaluating hemodynamic changes of cardiovascular system before and after 131I therapy in hyperthyroid patients.Methods Forty-seven hyperthyroid patients were enrolled as hyperthyroid group,while 47 healthy volunteers were considered as control group.Both of the hyperthyroid and control group took WI examinations,and WI curves of their right common carotid arteries were recorded.WI parameters of WI curve were automatically measured as followed:value of the first positive peak (W1),value of the second positive peak (W2),area of the negative peak (NA),and the square root of NA (A).Twenty-five patients of the hyperthyroid group received 131I therapy were enrolled as treatment group.All these patients were followed up for 3 months.The repeatability of the WI parameters was evaluated in 10 hyperthyroid patients and 10 normal volunteers selected at random from the investigation.Results W1,W2,A in hyperthyroid group increased compared with those in control group,and independent-samples t test showed very significant difference (P=0.000,P=0.000,P=0.000).W1,A decreased after 131I therapy compared with those before treatment,and paired-samples t test showed significant difference (W1:P=0.001;A:P=0.011).A in hyperthyroid group had positive correlation with FT3 (r=0.508,P=0.003);W1 after 131I therapy in treatment group had positive correlation with FT3 and FT4 (r=0.601,P=0.002;r=0.680,P=0.00);W2 after 131I therapy in treatment group had positive correlation with FT3 and FT4 (r=0.549,P=0.005;r=0.570,P=0.004).The repeatability of W1,W2,NA and A were good by consecutive measurement of identical observer.Conclusions WI peak parameters of hyperthyroid patients were higher than those of healthy volunteers,and some sensitive parameters were decreased after 131I therapy,which may provide the basis for assessing the effectiveness of 131I therapy.

Objective: To establish a hypertension risk assessment model among the middle-aged and elderly populations based on residents' electronic healthcare records of the basic public health service program, so as to provide insights into prevention of hypertension. Methods: Demographic features and physical examinations were collected among residents at ages of 40 years and older from residents' electronic healthcare records of the basic public health service program in a county of Zhejiang Province from 2019 to 2020. The risk factors of hypertension were identified using a multivariable logistic regression model, and the odds ratio (OR) for each risk factor was transformed into approximate relative risk (RR), which was included in the formula for calculation of the disease risk proposed by Harvard School of Public Health to create a hypertension risk assessment model. The predictive value of the model was evaluated using a receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curve. Results: Totally 7 275 subjects were enrolled, with a mean age of (66.15±7.91) years, and the participants included 3 189 males and 4 086 females, with a male-to-female ratio of 0.78∶1. There were 190 cases with new-onset hypertension (2.61%). Multivariable logistic regression analysis revealed that overweight, obesity, central obesity, borderline high triacylglycerol (TG), elevated TG, abnormal fasting plasma glucose (FPG), prehypertension and family history of hypertension were included in the hypertension risk assessment model, with approximate RR values of 1.66, 1.96, 1.54, 1.17, 1.64, 1.45, 1.69 and 1.11. The area under the ROC curve (AUC) of the model was 0.678 (95%CI: 0.641-0.715, P<0.001), and the optimal positive cut-off was 0.899. The model predicted 139 subjects with RR>0.899 for hypertension, with a sensitivity of 73.16% and specificity of 55.79%. Conclusions The hypertension risk assessment model created in this study is feasible to predict the RR for developing hypertension among the middle-aged and elderly populations, which has a predictive value in healthcare management.

Objective To estimate the impact of various extent of coronary stenosis at rest on myocardial perfusion and functional indices from myocardial contrast echocardiography(MCE) and two-dimensional strain echocardiography(2D-Strain) and characterize the relationship between them. Methods Three levels of coronary stenosis:mild (50%～75%),moderate (76%～89%),severe (≥90%) in 25 patients with coronary artery stenosis and 15 healthy subjects in the control group were examined. Plateau videointensity (value A) and time to plateau (value β) of the replenishment curve from MCE were calculated for perfusion analysis,and longitudinal peak systolic strain(SL) from 2D-Strain were measured for functional analysis. Results Value A tended to decrease with increasing severity of stenosis,ahhough these differences did not reach the level of statistical significance, β and SL were significantly increased in the context of moderate and severe coronary stenosis when compared with control group (β, moderate 0.75±0.67 and severe 0.67±0.53 vs normal 0.97±0.65;SL,moderate 11.60±5.89 and severe 9.58±6.51 vs normal 19.46±6.17, P <0.05, respectively). β was positively correlated with SL (r = 0.65, P <0.05).Conclusions β of the replenishment curve from MCE and SL from 2D-Strain both can detect greater than 75% coronary stenosis inducing myocardial ischemia,and they had good correlation.

Objective To explore the characteristics of resting myocardial perfusion of type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM) by real-time myocardial contrast echocardiography(RT-MCE). Methods Thirteen patients with T2DM and 12 in control were enrolled in the study. RT-MCE was performed using a continuous infusion of SonoVue with vena mediana in elbow. Images of left ventricle filled with contrast were acquired from apical 4-, 2-chamber and long axis views with real-time myocardial contrast mode of GE Vivid 7 Dimension system. All above images were captured in continuous 3 cardiac cycles before "flash" ,and then 15 cardiac cycles after "flash". All clips were stored for off-line analysis. Results In quiescent condition, there were significant decrease on indices of A,k and A × k in patients compared with control group (A:6.46 ±1.60 vs 6.81 ± 1.53, P ＜0.05;k:1.04 ± 0.39 vs 1.28 ± 0.31*, P ＜0.01;A× k:6.55 ± 2.72 vs 8.78 ±3.16, P ＜ 0.01, respectively). Conclusions RT-MCE could evaluate the early change of myocardial perfusion in T2DM patients and offers important reference for clinical diagnosis and treatment.

Objective To evaluate the carotid and left ventricular function changes in patients with subclinical atherosclerosis (SA) using echo-tracking (ET) and three-dimensional speckle tracking echocardiography (3D-STE).Methods Eighty patients with SA were divided into low-risk group (27 cases),middle-risk group (26 cases) and high-risk group (27 cases) according to the Framingham risk score (FRS).Each of them was examined by echocardiography and carotid ultrasound to obtain the parameters including carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT),stiffness parameter (β),Pressure-strain elastic modulus (Ep),pulse wave conducting velocity(PWVβ),LV peak systolic global longitudinal strain (GLS),LV peak systolic global circumferential strain (GCS),myocardial wall stress (MWS) and left ventricular ejection fraction(LVEF) for analysis.The study got approval from the Ethics Committee of Tongji Medical College,Huazhong University of Science and Technology (NO:IORG00371).Results Ep,left atrial volume (LAV) and MWS had significantly differences among the three groups (all P ＜0.05).Compared with low-risk group,cIMT,β,PWVβ were higher and GLS was lower in high-risk group (all P ＜0.05).There were no statistical difference in LVEF and GCS among the three groups (all P ＞ 0.05).β was positively correlated with age and FRS,and negatively correlated with GLS (all P ＜ 0.05).LAV was positively correlated with age and E/e (all P ＜0.05).GLS was negatively correlated with FRS and β (all P ＜ 0.05).MWS was positively correlated with β and SBP,and negatively correlated with LVEF (all P ＜0.01).Conclusions ET combined with 3D-STE could be applied to evaluate the carotid and left ventricular function accurately in patients with subclinical atherosclerosis,and provide scientific bases for establishing intervention strategy.

Objective To explore the clinical value of color Doppler flow imaging(CDFI) combined with quantitative analysis technique to evaluate renal flow perflusion. Methods Twenty patients with different renal diseases matched with healthy control subjects were examined with Philips iU22 CDFI system. CDFI system and Qlab quantitative technique were used to measure renal restrictive index(RI), vascularization index(VI), flow index(FI), vascularization-flow index (VFI). The patients all received renal single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) examination. Results The RI of 32 kidney with lower flow perfusion in SPECT were higher than in the contol group (P <0.01). VI,FI, VFI were lower than those in control(VI, VFI, P <0.01 ;FI, P <0.05). Conelusious The renal blood flow perfusion of patients with renal diseases are lower than that of healthy people. It has high clinical value using CDFI combined with quantitative analysis technique to evaluate the renal perfusion of the patients with renal diseases.

This study aimed to examine the preparation of cationic lipid microbubble (CLM), and evaluate its physical and chemical properties and toxicity, measure the gene transfection efficiency by ultrasound triggered microbobble destruction (UTMD) in combination with CLM. The CLM was prepared by the method of the thin film hydration, and its morphology was observed under the electron microscopy at 1st, 3rd, 7th, 10th, and 14th day after preparation, respectively. The size, Zeta potential and stability of CLM were tested. The acute toxicity of CLM was assessed. The green fluorescent protein gene (EGFP) transfection efficiency was evaluated. The experiment grouping was as follows: naked plasmid group (P group), ultrasonic irradiation plus naked plasmid group (P-US group), naked plasmid plus CLM group (P-CLM group), naked plasmid plus ultrasound and CLM group (UTMD group). The expression of EGFP was detected by fluorescent microscopy and flow cytometry. The results showed that CLMs were spherical in shape, with the similar size and good distribution degree under the light and electron microscopies. The size of CLMs was varied from 250.4±88.3 to 399.0±99.8 nm and the Zeta potential of CLMs from 18.80±4.97 to 20.1±3.1 mV. The EGFP expression was the strongest in the UTMD group, followed by the P-CLM group, P-US group and P group. Flow cytometry results were consistent with those of fluorescent microscopy. The transfection efficiency was substantially increased in the P-US group, P-CLM group and UTMD group as compared with that in the P group, almost 7 times, 10 times and 30 times higher than that in the P group respectively. It is suggested that CLMs prepared by the method of thin film hydration are uniform in diameter, and proved non-toxic. UTMD combined with CLM can significantly increase the transfection efficiency of EGFP to targeted cells.

lusions WI parameters reflect both cardiac and vascular changes of hyperthyroid patients. Mid-systolic hemodynamic turbulence appears in a portion of hyperthyroid patients.