Objective To evaluate the influence factor of the prognosis of traumatic subretinal hemorrhage after vitreo-retinal surgery. Methods The clinical data of 50 patients with traumatic subretinal hemorrhage who had undergone vitreo-retinal surgery were retrospectively analyzed. All patients had ocular traurnatie history and subretinal hemorrhage diagnosed by fundus and B-scan examination; the preoperative visual acuity was less than 0. 1. According to different conditions, the traumatic eyes were treated with vitreo-retinal surgery, combined with lensectomy, retinotomy or silicone oil tamponade, respectively. The period of follow-up after surgery was 2-53 months, and the average period was 7.27 months. The corrected visual acuity and retinal reattachment at the last follow-up were observed. The visual acuity ≥0. 1 was the standard of good prognosis; retina[ reattachment was observed by indirect ophthalmoscope and color fundus photography. The prognostic factors mainly included type of injury, open or closed injury, the disease course, preoperative visual acuity, retinal detachment, hemorrhagic choroidal detachment, vitreous hemorrhage, the sites of submacular hemorrhage, methods of surgery. The relationships between those prognostic factors and visual acuity outcome or retinal reattachment were analyzed by χ2 test and logistic regression analysis. Results About 46.0% patients had good prognosis of the visualacuity. In the eyes with preoperative visual acuity of no light perception to hand moving and finger counting to 0. 1, the rate of good visual aeuitywas 34. 2% and 83.3%, respectively; the difference between the two groups was significant(χ2=8. 860, P = 0.003). In the eyes with or without preoperative retinal detachment, the rate of good visual acuity was 37.5% and 80. 0%, respectively; the difference between the two groups was significant (χ2=4. 232,P=0. 040). In the eyes with subretinal hemorrhage involving the macular fovea or not, the rate of good visual acuity was 34.4% and 66.7%, respectively; the difference between the two groups wassignificant (χ2 =4. 836,P=0. 028). All the other prognostic factors had no obvious effect on the retinal reattachment after the surgery. Conclusion Preoperative visual acuity, retinal detachment and submacular retinal hemorrhage were the important influence factors associated with prognostic visual acuity of eyes with traumatic subretinal hemorrhage after vitreo-retinal surgery.

Objective To evaluate the success rate and the risk of impairing vision for epimacular surgery. Methods A retrospective analysis of 57 eyes with epimacular membrane after surgery was made, and the changes in visual acuity and near visual acuity, in different etiology, improvement in distortion, as well as intraoperative and postoperative complications were compared. Results The eyes of 78 8% achieved a visual improvement of more than 2 lines. The visual improvement after surgery of epimacular membranes was the most in buckling group, then in macular hole with epimacular membrane and idiopathic eyes, the change was very limited in macular traction syndrome. The improvement of near visual acuity is usually better than distant visual acuity. The improvement rate of distortion is of 65 0%. The main intraoperative complication was reopen of the primary hole(4 eyes) and the formation of new hole(5 eyes). Conclusion Surgical peeling for epimacular membranes can improve the visual acuity and distorted vision,particularly in epimacular membrane after buckling surgeries, with macular hole and idiopathic eyes. possible risks might be present in surgical manipulation.

Objective To investigate the difference of curative effect of various surgical methods for the treatment of idiopathic senile macular hole. Methods A retrospective analysis was made for 86 eyes with stage Ⅱ Ⅳ idiopathic full thickness macular hole treated with various modes of operation,ie, single vitrectomy (7 eyes),vitrectomy combined with autologous platelet concentrate (APC) as an adjuvant (40 eyes), vitrectomy with internal limiting membrane (ILM) peeling (14 eyes), vitrectomy with both ILM peeling and APC treatment (25 eyes). The main outcome measures included anatomic reattachment rate,change of visual acuity,findings of optic coherence tomography (OCT), Amsler grid and intra or postoperative complication evaluations. Results (1) In visual acuity improvement, the APC group (80.0%) was significantly better than anyone of the other three groups ( P

Objective To observe and classify the characteristics of optical coherence tomography (OCT) for several common diseases which could lead to submacular choroidal neovascularization (CNV), and to provide the warrant to make the differential diagnosis and treatment of CNV. Methods The data of OCT of 165 patients (187 eyes) with CNV due to AMD, CEC, high myopia and ICNV diagnosed by fundus photography and fundus fluorescein angiography (FFA) were retrospectively analyzed, and the images of OCT were classified considering the results of FFA, and the characteristics of different types of the images were sumerized. Results Well-defined fusiform thickening of retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) and choriocapillary layer in CNV with well-defined border (60 eyes), dispersed backscattering increase in poorly-defined CNV (101 eyes), optic darkspace beneath RPE layer in serous detachment of RPE layer (19 eyes), quickly decreased high backscattering region under RPE layer in hemorrhagic detachment of RPE layer (11 eyes), slight to moderate backscattering region between RPE layer in fibrovascular detachment of RPE layer (10 eyes), and detachment of neurepithelial layer from RPE layer with the optic darkspace between the layers in detachment of neurepithelial layer (45 eyes) were observed. Conclusions The images of OCT for the common diseases which could lead to submacular choroidal neovascularization may be divided into 6 types. Analyzing the characteristics of images of OCT is helpful in differential diagnosis and treatment of CNV.

Objective To observe the characteristics of the images of optical coherence tomography (OCT) performed on the patients with vitreomacular traction syndrome and its clinical significance. Methods The clinical data of 25 patients with vitreomacular traction syndrome diagnosed by OCT, fundus fluorescein angiography, and B-scan ultrasonography and confirmed by surgical treatment were retrospectively analyzed. The features of images of OCT in vitreomacular traction syndrome were observed. Results Five types were found in the images of OCT in the patients with vetreomacular traction syndrome. The main characteristic of the images of OCT in the patients with vitreomacular traction was the highly reflective band of the vitreous posterior cortex inservion at fovea. In 25 patients, vitreomacular traction associated with macular edema was found in 10, macular hole in 3, macular epiretinal membrane in 6, retinoschisis in 1, and retinal detachment in 5. Conclusion OCT is a potential powerful toll for detecting and monitoring vitreomacular traction syndrome.

The compound excipient containing sodium stearyl fumarate and plasdone S-630 was prepared by applying spray drying method. The basic physical properties of compound excipient were studied by solubility test, scanning electron microscope, differential scanning calorimeter, X-ray diffraction and Fourier transform infra-red spectroscopy. The effect of compound excipient on moisture absorption and ferulic acid in vitro dissolution of spray drying power of angelica were investigated. The results showed that the chemical constituents of compound excipient did not change before and after spray drying. The water soluble compound excipient can improve significantly moisture absorption and has application prospect.

Objective To evaluate improvement of visual acuity for advanced proliferative diabetic retinopathy eyes with different complications after vitrectomy. Methods Four groups of advanced proliferative diabetic retinopathy (APDR) in 314 eyes with diabetes type Ⅱ and type Ⅰ were analyzed retrospectively: vitreous hemorrhage with limited traction retinal detachment (VH), extensive fibrovascular membranes with traction retinal detachment (TD), combined rhegmatogenous and traction retinal detachment (CRT) and cataract with vitreous hemorrhage or and traction retinal detachment (CHD). Results 0.1 or better postoperative visual acuity was achieved in 59.5% of type Ⅱ and 66.7% of type Ⅰ in the VH group; 39.4% of type Ⅱ and 52.6% of type Ⅰ in the extensive TD group; 31.6% of the CRT group; 62.5% of the CHD group. The major intraoperative complication is iatrogenic retinal breaks. The causes of postoperative visual loss in present study included neovascular glaucoma (2.8% of type Ⅰ and 0.4% of type Ⅱ in aphakia, 25% of type Ⅱ in aphakia and 4.2% in pseudophakia), retinal detachment and CRAO. Conclusion The majority of APDR eyes obtained better visual improvement after vitrectomy and photocoagulation.

Objective To explore the histopathological changes of the pigs′ eyes in vivo after radial optic neurotomy (RON), and provide the experimental foundation for the safety of RON. Methods A total of 12 healthy miniature pigs were used in the experiment, in whom 8 were executed at the 1~st , 3~rd , 7~th , and 48~th day respectively after underwent RON in both eyes, and 4 were executed at the 120~th day after underwent RON unilaterally (the other eye was as the control in 2 and underwent single vitrectomy in 2). All the enucleated eyes were cut in sections routinely and embeded in paraffin. The sections were stained by HE, Masson trichrome staining or Luxol fast blue staining and the different sections of optic nerve were observed by light microscope. Results No damages of the major vessel wall were found and the cerebral pia mater of orbital optic nerves kept integrated. At the 1~st day after the operation, the incisions came into being and local hemorrhages infiltrated into the circumambience and backside. The vacuole-like change induced by the demyelination of optic nerve fiber located at the incisions. At the 3~rd day, the vacuole-like changes widened. At the 7~th day, the fibroblasts aggregated at the incision, with hyperplastic neuroglia cells and dispersed pigmented granules. Lymphocytes and monocytes were the major infiltrated inflammatory cells. At the 48~th day, collagen filled in the incisions and aggregated neuroglia cells of the rear optic nerves behind the incision were found, which showed weak staining with obvious boundary which was somewhat beyond the midline of optic nerves. At the 120~th day, localized atrophy of optic nerve occurred under the incision. No abnormal pathological findings were found in the normal eyes and the eyes undergo vitrectomy. Conclusions Localized atrophy of optic nerves comes into being after the normal pig eyes in vivo underwent RON. The surgery is safe to some extent.

Objective To investigate the effect of triamcinolone acetonide (TA) with different dosage and excipient on retina. Methods Thirty-two purebred New Zealand white rabbits randomly divided into 4 groups underwent intravitreous injection with TA. Group 1:4 mg TA without excipient; group 2:25 mg TA without excipient; group 3:4 mg TA with excipient; group 4:25 mg TA with excipient. Electroretinography (ERG) was performed on each rabbit before intravitreal injection, 1 week, 1 and 2 months after the injection. All the animals were killed and the eyeballs were extirpated 2 months after the injection, and pathological examinations including light and electron microscopy were performed. Results No significant difference was found in the latent period of ERG at the points of time before and after the injection in all the groups, but the amplitudes of ERG waves was lower in groups containing excipient than that before the treatment (P

Objective To evaluate the therapeutic effects of treatments of eye-retaining and enucleation for choroidal melanomas. Methods The clinical data of 44 patients (44 eyes) with choroidal melanomas after eye-retaining treatments and enucleation surgery were retrospectively analyzed. The metastasis, retention rate of eyeball after eye-retaining treatment, and visual acuity prognosis were observed and analyzed. In 44 eyes treated by eye-retaining therapy, transpupillary thermotherapy (TTT) was performed primaryly on 7 (15.9%),~ 106 Ru brachytherapy on 25 (56.8%), and local resection of tumor combined with ~ 106 Ru brachytherapy on 12 (27.3%).The average follow-up period was 13.3 months. Results Forty-four patients had no melanoma metastasis during the follow-up period. In 39 patients (88.6%) who had their eyes retained successfully, the retention rate of eyeball was 100%, 92.9%, and 83.3% in 6, 14, and 24 eyes with small, middle, and large tumor, respectively. In the patients treated by eye-retaining therapy, the visual acuity was ≥0.3 in 11 (28.2%), ≥0.05-