Objective To investigate the relationship between polymorphism of the estrogen receptor(ER) gene and bone mineral density(BMD), and bone metabolism in Chinese postmenopausal healthy women. Methods In 246 postmenopausal healthy women, aged 44-78 years (average 61 years), BMD of lumbar spine and femoral neck, Ward and trochanteric areas were measured by dual energy X ray absorptiometry. Biochemical indexes(serum Ca, P, ALP, PTH, CT)were measured and PvuⅡ and XbaⅠ restriction fragment length polymorphism(RFLP) of ER were analysed by polymerase chain reaction restriction fragment length polymorphism(PCR RFLP). The relationship between polymorphism of the ER gene and BMD, and bone metabolism were evaluated. The RFLP was represented as Pp(PvuⅡ) and Xx(XbaI). Results In the PPxx genotype, Z score values of BMD were significantly lower than those in other genotypes. Conclusion RFLP of ER gene associated with BMD in postmenopausal healthy women and this might explain the cause of postmenopausal osteoporosis in Chinese women.

Objective To study the characteristics of organ function and structural injuries in the elderly with multiple organ dysfunction syndrome. Method 50 Wistar rats (25 three-month-old rats and 25 twenty-month-old rats) were anaesthetized and experienced cecal ligation puncture (CLP) operation, which were defined as MODSE group and MODS group respectively. 40 Wistar rats (20 three-month-old rats and 20 twenty-month-old rats) were anaesthetized and not experienced cecal ligation puncture operation, which were used as SOGE (sham operation group in the elderly) and SOG (sham operation group). At 6 h, 12h, 24h, 48h or 72h after operation, serum levels of alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, blood urea nitrogen, creatinine and total bilirubin were measured by automatic biochemistry analyzer. Organs (hearts, brains, lungs, livers, kidneys) were harvested. Paraffin sections were made and stained by conventional H.E procedure for histological examination. Results Based on histological investigations, physiological and biochemical measurements, organ dysfunction in MODSE group occurred at 6h after operation and peaked at 24 h after operations. Otherwise, organ injuries with MODS occurred at 24 h and peaked at 48 h after operation. Conclusion According to histological investigations, physiological and biochemical measurements, damages of organ dysfunction and structural damages in MODSE group occurred much earlier and more seriously. which may provide an experimental evidence for medico-legal certification of the death caused by MODS.

Objective To upgrade No.1 Military Medical Project from single operation to Oracle RAC to eliminate single failure of the operation system, protect medical data and lay a foundation for the following upgrade and deployment.Methods RAC software and hardware environment was constructed for database upgrade and deployment of Data Guard.Results The database was gifted with high availability and high performances, and database maintenance and upgrade could be carried out with the operation system less ceased than before.Conclusion The database is upgraded from a single-mode rigid architecture to a multi-mode elastic one, with the performances, safety and extendibility enhanced greatly.

Intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) is gradually replacing conventional radiation therapy and has become the mainstream radical treatment for patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). IMRT can conform and increase radiation doses to tu-mor-associated regions as well as decrease exposure doses and volumes on normal organs and tissues to avoid damage on critical or-gans. Aside from system and setup errors, other factors, such as the gradual reduction of the primary NPC lesion and the decrease in vol-ume of involved neck lymph nodes as well as body weight loss and changes in the head and neck shape during IMRT, may cause devia-tions in the radiation doses and volume delivered to the NPC targets and the organs at risk. These factors may affect the accuracy of IMRT. Several researchers have attempted to correct such deviations during IMRT for NPC patients by using adaptive radiotherapy (ART). The results indicate that ART is feasible to a certain degree and can correct the deviations, including decrease in tumor volume, body weight loss, and changes in head and neck shape of NPC patients.

In order to understand the situation of schistosomiasis in Fujian Province, the surveillance and field survey data of 16 counties (cities or districts) were statistically analyzed from 2003 to 2008 according to the national and provincial surveillance protocols. The snail areas were 69 400 m~2 in 2003, and 506 700 m~2 in 2004, then decreased to 57 700 m~2 in 2008 after the snail control in 2005 and 2006. Serological examinations were conducted in 18 000 people, among which 5 412 people were the mobile population from schistosome-endemic areas, and 110 persons were positive, among which 8 persons had eggs and miracidia in their stools, among 7 885 appendix samples, Schistosoma japonicum eggs were found in 8 samples of the patients who came from the o-riginal endemic areas. By the stool examination, 2 709 head of farm cattle in the region with snails were not found infected with Schistosoma japonicum. It is suggested that the areas of residual snails are large and widespread, and the imported patients are found frequently, so the danger of schistosomisis transmission still remains.

Objective To study the risk prediction for new intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) with high sensitivity C-reactive protein ( hs-CRP) level. Methods In a retrospective, nested, case-controlled study, 323 cases of ICH were identified and matched with 646 controls. The hs-CRP levels at baseline were compared between the two groups. The relevance of different hs-CRP levels and the risk of ICH were analyzed. Results The ICH group had a higher median hs-CRP levels (1.10 mg/L) as compared with the control group (0. 66 mg/L) with significant difference ( P<0.01 ). In addition, the increase of risk associated with hs-CRP levels was primarily observed in the individuals with the highest quartile of hs-CRP levels(>2.12 mg/L). These patients had an increased risk of ICH (OR 2. 58, 95% CI 1. 77 to 3. 76) as compared with those in the lowest quartile(≤=0.30 mg/L). Individuals with basiline hs-CRP levels above the specified cut point of 3 mg/L ormore and those in the 80th percentile were at a markedly increased risk of ICH (for specified cut point of 3 mg/L,0R2.26, 95% CI 1.60-3.20, P<0.01; for 80th percentile, OR 2.24,95% CI 1.60-3.13, P <0.01, respectively). Conclusions Risk of ICH might be predicted with the level of hs-CRP. With the increase of hs-CRP level at baseline, the risk of ICH was increased.

Rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta) are human's closest evolutionary relatives next to Chimpanzees, and they are widely used in biomedical researches. Analyses of the rhesus monkey trasnscriptome and the sequence divergence between monkey and human are of importantce to the development of scientific analyses and to the application and interpretation of the results from animal experiments. In this study, we analyzed the genetic and transcriptional information. Four hundred and one clones were randomly selected from a liver tissue cDNA library of rhesus monkey, and the expressed sequence tags (ESTs) were sequenced. We acquired 393 effective ESTs that were assembled into 221 Unigenes with Phrap software. Alignments of the sequences showed that 188 Unigenes matched with known proteins in Swiss_prot database, of which 16 Unigenes matched the known rhesus proteins, and 171 Unigenes had high homology with human proteins. Then the result of BLASTN comparison showed that 26 of another 33 Unigenes matched the known rhesus genes. Finally, the remaining Unigenes were aligned in dbEST and rhesus genome database, and the results suggested 3 Unigenes be newly discovered ESTs of rhesus.
Animals ; Expressed Sequence Tags ; chemistry ; Gene Library ; Liver ; chemistry ; Macaca mulatta ; genetics ; Sequence Analysis, DNA

Gene chip has been an important way to detect gene changes of organism in different condition. It is a new tendency to use gene chip to research graft rejection at gene level. Ischemia reperfusion injury (IRI) accurs early in organ transplantation. Studying IRI with gene chip is beneficial to understand the mechanism of graft rejection and will provide guidance for surveying and treating graft rejection after organ transplantation.
Animals ; Disease Models, Animal ; Graft Rejection ; genetics ; Mice ; Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis ; Rats ; Reperfusion Injury ; genetics ; Transplants

In the conventional treatments of type I diabetes, there are various problems. As a new adequate treatment of diabetes, cell replacement therapy of diabetes has been applied and given research priority. We have investigated the applications of cell transplantation in the treatment of diabetes and have retrieved the relevant articles on cells transplantation for the treatment of diabetes. In this paper, we review the history, development, merits and demerits of cell transplantation and the recent advances in pancreatic islet transplantation research. The latest progress in the induction of stem cell to differentiate into the insulin-producing cells was also introduced.
Animals ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 ; surgery ; therapy ; Humans ; Insulin-Secreting Cells ; cytology ; Islets of Langerhans Transplantation ; methods ; Stem Cell Transplantation

This study sought to clone Chinese Banna minipig inbred-line (BMI) alpha1,3-galactosyltransferase (alpha1,3-GT) gene and construct its recombinant eukaryotic expression vector. Total RNA was isolated from BMI liver. Full length cDNA of alpha1,3-GT gene was amplified by RT-PCR and cloned into pMD18-T vector to sequence. Subsequently, alpha1,3-GT gene was inserted into pEGFP-N1 to construct eukaryotic expression vector pEGFP-N1-GT. Then the reconstructed plasmid pEGFP-N1-GT was transiently transfected into human lung cancer cell line A549. The expression of alpha1,3-GT mRNA in transfected cells was detected by RT-PCR. FITC-BS-IB4 lectin was used in the direct immunofluorescence method, which was performed to observe the alpha-Gal synthesis function of BMI alpha1,3-GT in transfected cells. The results showed that full length of BMI alpha1,3-GT cDNA was 1116 bp. BMI alpha1,3-GT cDNA sequence was highly homogenous with those of mouse and bovine, and was exactly the same as the complete sequence of those of swine, pEGFP-N1-GT was confirmed by enzyme digestion and PCR. The expression of alpha1,3-GT mRNA was detected in A549 cells transfected by pEGFP-N1-GT. The expression of alpha-Gal was observed on the membrane of A549 cells transfected by pEGFP-N1-GT. Successful cloning of BMI alpha1,3-GT cDNA and construction of its eukaryotic expression vector have established a foundation for further research and application of BMI alpha1,3-GT in the fields of xenotransplantation and immunological therapy of cancer.
Animals ; Animals, Inbred Strains ; Base Sequence ; China ; Cloning, Molecular ; Galactosyltransferases ; genetics ; metabolism ; Genetic Vectors ; genetics ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Recombinant Proteins ; genetics ; metabolism ; Sequence Analysis, DNA ; Swine ; Swine, Miniature ; genetics ; Transfection