Objective:To observe the efficiency of tunnel-type partial superficial parotidectomy(T-PSP)in the treatment of benign tumor in the inferior pole of parotid gland.Methods:53 patients with benign tumors in the superficial sublobular pole of the parotid gland were included.27 cases were treated with T-PSP(trial group)and 26 with partial superficial parotidectomy(PSP)(control group).The patients were followed up for 1-3 years.The incidence of facial nerve palsy,Frey's syndrome,salivary fistula,periauricu-lar numbness and skin numbness in the parotid area in the 2 groups was compared.Results:Complications such as facial nerve palsy,Frey's syndrome,periauricular numbness and skin numbness in the parotid area were less frequent in the trial group than in the control group(P＜0.05),while there was no significant difference in the incidence of salivary fistulae between the 2 groups(P＞0.05).No tumor relaps was observed in all cases.Conclusion:T-PSP has fewer postoperative complications in the treatment of benign tumours benign tumor in the inferior pole of parotid gland.

OBJECTIVETo assess the efficacy of sacral neuromodulation (SNM) in patients with intractable constipation.

METHODSA total of 7 patients with intractable constipation were treated with pereutaneous test stimulation of the S3 nerve root and were assessed by sacral never stimulation system in our department from January 2013 to January 2014. Four of these 7 patients received operation for constipation before. The efficacy was assessed by bowel habit diary, clinic constipation scores, subjective questionnaire and clinical signs.

RESULTSThe constipation symptoms were improved significantly in all the 7 patients. The frequency and volume of defecation per week were increased obviously, and the average urine was increased. Six patients underwent permanent implantation of the SNS system. After a median 4 months follow-up, the defecation frequency increased from 0.6 ± 0.5 to 8.0 ± 2.5 per week (P<0.01), and the defecation time decreased from (22.9 ± 11.5) to (3.7 ± 0.8) min (P<0.01). The Cleveland clinic constipation score decreased from 24.6 ± 4.2 to 9.0 ± 0.9 (P<0.01), and the visual analogue scale(VAS) score increased from 8.1 ± 0.9 to 82.5 ± 5.2 (P<0.01).

CONCLUSIONSNM is a clinically efficacious, minimally invasive and safe new technique, which offers an alternative treatment for the patients with intractable constipation resistant to conservative treatment, especially for the patients refractory to traditional operations.

Constipation ; therapy ; Defecation ; Electric Stimulation Therapy ; Humans ; Sacrum ; Treatment Outcome

Objective To assess the efficacy of sacral neuromodulation (SNM) in patients with intractable constipation. Methods A total of 7 patients with intractable constipation were treated with pereutaneous test stimulation of the S3 nerve root and were assessed by sacral never stimulation system in our department from January 2013 to January 2014. Four of these 7 patients received operation for constipation before. The efficacy was assessed by bowel habit diary, clinic constipation scores, subjective questionnaire and clinical signs. Results The constipation symptoms were improved significantly in all the 7 patients. The frequency and volume of defecation per week were increased obviously, and the average urine was increased. Six patients underwent permanent implantation of the SNS system. After a median 4 months follow-up, the defecation frequency increased from 0.6 ±0.5 to 8.0 ±2.5 per week (P<0.01), and the defecation time decreased from (22.9 ±11.5) to (3.7 ±0.8) min (P<0.01). The Cleveland clinic constipation score decreased from 24.6±4.2 to 9.0±0.9 (P<0.01), and the visual analogue scale(VAS) score increased from 8.1±0.9 to 82.5±5.2(P<0.01). Conclusion SNM is a clinically efficacious, minimally invasive and safe new technique, which offers an alternative treatment for the patients with intractable constipation resistant to conservative treatment , especially for the patients refractory to traditional operations.

Objective To assess the efficacy of sacral neuromodulation (SNM) in patients with intractable constipation. Methods A total of 7 patients with intractable constipation were treated with pereutaneous test stimulation of the S3 nerve root and were assessed by sacral never stimulation system in our department from January 2013 to January 2014. Four of these 7 patients received operation for constipation before. The efficacy was assessed by bowel habit diary, clinic constipation scores, subjective questionnaire and clinical signs. Results The constipation symptoms were improved significantly in all the 7 patients. The frequency and volume of defecation per week were increased obviously, and the average urine was increased. Six patients underwent permanent implantation of the SNS system. After a median 4 months follow-up, the defecation frequency increased from 0.6 ±0.5 to 8.0 ±2.5 per week (P<0.01), and the defecation time decreased from (22.9 ±11.5) to (3.7 ±0.8) min (P<0.01). The Cleveland clinic constipation score decreased from 24.6±4.2 to 9.0±0.9 (P<0.01), and the visual analogue scale(VAS) score increased from 8.1±0.9 to 82.5±5.2(P<0.01). Conclusion SNM is a clinically efficacious, minimally invasive and safe new technique, which offers an alternative treatment for the patients with intractable constipation resistant to conservative treatment , especially for the patients refractory to traditional operations.

Objective:To evaluate the heterogeneity in pediatric ETV6-RUNX1 acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) by gene expression profile and to study clinical characteristics in different clusters.Methods:An improved advanced fragment analysis (iAFA) technique was developed to detect 57 marker genes in 264 pediatric ALL patients treated in Beijing Children’s Hospital from August 2016 to June 2019. The 56 ALL patients with ETV6-RUNX1 positive were evaluated by clinical characteristics in gene expression profile, immunophenotype and early response of chemotherapy in different clusters.Results:The 56 ETV6-RUNX1-positive patients were clustered into 2 groups of E/R-1 (45, 80.4%) and E/R-2 (11, 19.6%) . Spearman coefficient was 0.788 and 0.901 in E/R-2 and E/R-1, respectively. The median of initial platelet counts was 104 (27-644) and 50 (8-390) ( P<0.01) in E/R-2 and E/R-1, respectively. The median of proportion of initial bone marrow immature cells was 0.830 (0.270-0.975) and 0.935 (0.445-0.990) ( P<0.05) in E/R-2 and E/R-1, respectively. The most specific immunophenotype at initial diagnosis, CD22 +CD34 +CD20 -CD117 -CD56 -, mainly gathered in E/R-2 ( P<0.001) . Patients negative of minimal residual disease detected by flow cytometry (MRD-FCM) at day 33 were 5 (55.6%) and 32 (88.9%) in E/R-2 and E/R-1, respectively. There was no significant difference in the original analysis ( P=0.064) but difference in sensitivity analysis ( P=0.035) . Nevertheless, patients negative of MRD detected by polymerase chain reaction (MRD-PCR) at day 33 were 7 (77.8%) and 36 (100%) in E/R-2 and E/R-1, respectively, with significant difference ( P=0.047) . Conclusion:Gene expression profile shows heterogeneous in ETV6-RUNX1 ALL, and the E/R-2 profile indicates that these patients may have a less tendency to thrombocytopenia at the initial diagnosis but have poorer response to induction chemotherapy and may influence further outcome.