Objective To investigate the occurrence situation and related influencing factors of obesity among children aged 6-17 years old in Chengde City.Methods The random sampling method was adopted to extract 16 811 children from 10 primary and middle schools in urban and rural areas of this city.The physical examinations were carried out.The incidence rates of over weight and obesity in different ages,sexes and areas were calculated.The risk factors for childhood obesity were preliminarily screened through questionnaire.And the Logistic regression analysis was conducted for further analyzing the risk factors for childhood obesity.Results Among 16 811 sampled children,the overweight rate was 13.09％ and the obesity rate was 12.1％.The overweight rate and obesity rate in boys were higher than those in girls;which had no statistically significant difference between urban and rural areas(P＞0.05);the incidence rates of overweight and obesity in adolescence were higher than those in preadolescence.The multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that parental overweight,like to drink sugary drinks and watching television for long time might be the risk factors for childhood obesity.Conclusion The overweight rate and obesity rate among children aged 6-17 years old in this city are higher.Reasonable diet,correct life style and increasing exercise can partially reduce the incidence of children obesity.

Aim To detect the expression of hippocam-pus NGF gene in the mouse model of Parkinson 's dis-ease. Methods By intraperitoneal injection of 1-meth-yl-4-phenyl-1,2, 3, 6-tetrahydropyridine ( MPTP), a mice model of Parkinson ’ s disease was established. The success of PD model was identified by detecting the expression of mesencephalic tyrosine hydroxylase ( TH) with Western blot and immunofluorescence. The movement and cognitive ability of mice were evaluated by foot print analysis and step-through passive avoid-ance test. The expression of NGF gene in hippocampus of mice was detected with RT-PCR and in situ hybrid-ization. Results Compared with the control group, the levels of TH and NGF were reduced in the experi-mental group and the behavioral indexes were deflected significantly. Conclusion NGF may play an impor-tant role in the occurrence and development of the PD cognitive disorder.

Objective To investigate the current status of healthcare-associated infection (HAI),community-associated infection(CAD,and antimierobial use in hospitalized patients in medical institutions of Guizhou Province.Methods In September 2014,infection status of hospitalized patients in 174 second level hospitals and above in Guizhou Province were performed cross-sectional survey.Results A total of 68 419 patients were surveyed,the actual survey rate was 99.65％.1 581 patients developed 1 684 cases of HAI,HAI prevalence rate and HAI case prevalence rate were 2.31％ and 2.46％ respectively,18 571 patients developed 19 191 cases of HAI,CAI prevalence rate and CAI case prevalence rate were 27.14％ and 28.05％ respectively;patients in general intensive care unit(ICU) and pediatric department(non-neonatal group) had the highest HAI and CAI prevalence rates respectively.Constituent ratios of HAI and CAI sites was significantly different(x2 =17 325.44,P＜0.01);Escherichia coli was the main pathogen causing HAI and CAI.Utilization rate of antimicrobial agents on the survey day was 39.82 ％,ICU (80.47 ％) and pediatric department (76.67 ％) were the highest.Therapeutic antimicrobial use accounted for 67.48 ％ (n =18 386),single antimicrobial use accounted for 79.55 ％ (n =21 672).Pathogenic detection rate of specimens from patients receiving therapeutic antimicrobial agents was 31.76％.Conclusion This survey is helpful for understanding the high risk departments and sites of HAI and CAI in Guizhou Province,as well as pathogenic detection rate of specimens from patients receiving therapeutic antimicrobial agents,which provides basis for further prevention and control of HAI.

Objective:To analyze the prevalence of syphilis infection and influence factors of syphilis infection among the male STD attendants in Songyuan City of Jilin Province, and to provide theoretical basis for the development and implementation of syphilis intervention policy.Methods:A questionnaire survey and serological tests were conducted among the men who went to STD clinic for treatment in the ZhanDong Dermatology Specialist Hospital or Qianguo County Hospital in Songyuan City from 2011 to 2015.Chi-square test was performed to compare the prevalences of syphilis infection between different groups.Multivariable Logistic regression model was used to find the independent factors of syphilis infection among the male STD attendants.Results:Of all 2 000 male STD attendants who involved in the study,the mean age was (34.50±9.03)years old.218 persons (10.90%)of them had sexual behavior with female sex workers in the last three months,433 persons (21.65%)of them had temporary sexual behavior in the last three months,42 persons (2.10%)of them had homosexual behavior in the last three months.Of the respondents,238 persons (11.90%)had a previous diagnosis of sexually transmitted diseases,86 persons of them had gonorrhea (36.13%),43 persons had syphilis (18.07%),15 persons had genital tract Chlamydia (6.30%),55 persons had genital herpes (23.11%),40 persons had genital herpes (16.81%),and 1 person had combined infection of gonorrhea and syphilis. The prevalence of syphilis of 2 000 male STD attendants was 6.4%.From 2011 to 2015,there was a decrease in the prevalences of syphilis (χ2 =44.25,P <0.001).In the last 3 months, the risk of the male STD attendants who had commercial sex with prostitute,temporary sex behavior,homosexual behavior and a history of STD infection to be infected with syphilis in the past were 3.75 times (OR= 3.75,95% CI:2.46 - 5.71),2.31 times (OR = 2.31,95% CI: 1.56 - 3.41),2.97 times (OR=2.97,95%CI:1.33-6.64)and 1.69 times (OR=1.69,95%CI:1.07-2.67)than those who did not have those behaviors,respectively. Conclusion:There is a significantly decreasing tendency in the prevalence of syphilis among the male STD attendants in Songyuan City in the past 5 years.The high risk sexual behaviors are the main influence factors of syphilis infection among them.

Objective: To study the glucose,insulin,Cpeptide response and relative safety after orally taking different doses of fructose in type 2 diabetes.Methods: 10 patients with type 2 diabetes,were given 50 g glucose,10 g fructose+40 g glucose,30 g fructose+20 g glucose,40 g fructose+10 g glucose,50 g fructose respectively,the serum glucose,insulin,C-peptide,lactic acid,uric acid,heart ratio and blood pressure were measured at 0 min,15 min,30 min,60 min,120 min and relative safety was observed at the same time.Results: The serum glucose,insulin,C-peptide were significantly lower than 50 g glucose group,the insulin,C-peptide decreased 14.30%,23.73%,40.42%,58.48% and 4.62%,14.32%,7.62%,29.33% in 10F+40G group,30F+ 20G group,40F+10G group and 50F group when compared with 50G group,which showed dose-response relationship.The glycemic index was 91.8,62.4,43.6,37.5 in 10F+40G group,30F+ 20G group,40F+ 10G group and 50F group.No adverse effect was observed during the test.Conclusion: It is beneficial to the protection ? cells of pancreas to orally take different doses of fructose.Fructose taken orally may influence the serum lactic acid.

Objective To investigate the psychological resilience and its influencing factors among patients after hepatectomy. Methods A total of 126 cases of hepatocellular carcinoma patients undergoing surgery eradication were selected. 1 d before the patients discharged,the general information was collected, the patients were investigated by using psychological elasticity scale, medical coping questionnaire, social support rating scale, quality of life measurement scale of liver cancer patients. The correlations between variables were analyzed by using Pearson correlation analysis. The influencing factors of psychological resilience were analyzed by using multiple linear regression equation. Results The overall psychological resilience score for patients after hepatectomy was (54.73 ± 10.61) points. The psychological resilience among patients after hepatectomy was related with age, educational level and postoperative hospital stay(t=2.959,3.452,2.507,P<0.05).Pearson correlation analysis showed that the psychological resilience among patients after hepatectomy was positively correlated with the confront coping, social support score, objective support, subjective support, supportive utilization, total quality of life, physical function, psychological function and social function (r =0.208-0.429, P<0.05), while was negatively correlated with avoiding coping, resignation coping, symptoms/side effects (r =-0.187,-0.442,-0.325, P<0.05). Multivariate stepwise linear regression analysis showed that resignation coping, subjective support, objective support, physical function and postoperative time entered the regression model and explained 59.4% of all the variation. Conclusions Patients after hepatectomy had poor psychological resilience, postoperative time, resignation coping, subjective support, supportive utilization and physical function were important influencing factors.

To prevent acute graft-versus-host disease (aGVHD), glucosidorum tripterygii tororum (GTT) was used in the murine model. The lethally irradiated C57BL/6 recipients were injected with bone marrow and lymphocyte grafts from BALB/c donors and were treated intraperitoneally with GTT, cyclosporine A (CsA), or methotrexate (MTX). T lymphocytes, adhesion molecules and cytokines were detected by immunohistochemical method, flow cytometry, ELISA and RT-PCR, respectively. The results showed that all the control recipient mice (21/21) died of aGVHD within 30 days, but many recipient mice treated with GTT (19/21), CsA + MTX (13/21) and GTT + CsA (17/21) survived beyond 30 days without obvious signs of aGVHD. The numbers of CD3(+), CD4(+), CD8(+), CD11a(+), CD18(+) lymphocytes in skin and lung decreased markedly by GTT, GTT + CsA and CsA + MTX treatments. The numbers of CD3(+), CD4(+), CD8(+), CD4(+)CD11a(+), CD4(+)CD18(+), CD8(+)CD11a(+), CD8(+)CD18(+) lymphocytes in spleen decreased markedly by GTT, GTT + CsA and CsA + MTX treatments. and the changes of CD3(+), CD4(+), CD8(+) cells in small intestine were not remarkable (P > 0.05) by above mentioned GTT, GTT + CsA and CsA + MTX treatments. The serum concentrations and mRNA expressions of IL-2 and TNFalpha in spleens decreased significantly (P < 0.05); the concentration of IL-10 increased significantly (P < 0.05), the change of IL-4 was not remarkable (P > 0.05) by GTT treatment. It is concluded that the GTT may retain the graft-versus-leukemia (GVL) effect of transplant without aGVHD. The role of GTT in prevention of murine aGVHD is mediated by reduction of T lymphocytes and their subgroups, expression of adhesion molecule, and regulation of cytokine secretion.
Animals ; Bone Marrow Transplantation ; adverse effects ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Glucosides ; isolation & purification ; therapeutic use ; Graft vs Host Disease ; prevention & control ; Lymphocyte Transfusion ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Phytotherapy ; Tripterygium ; chemistry

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of nicotinamide adenine dinucleoside phosphate oxidases 1(NOX1) and nuclear factor-kappa B(NF-κB) in tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α)-induced oxidative damage in A549 cells. METHODS: i) TNF-α was used to stimulated A549 cells at the concentrations of 0.0, 10.0, 25.0 and 50.0 μg/L. Cell inhibition rate in each group was tested by CCK-8 assay to select the appropriate concentration. ii) A549 cells in logarithmic growth phase were divided into blank control group, solvent control group, TNF-α group, diphenylene iodine(DPI) group and TNF-α+DPI group for NOX1 inhibitor experiment. Logarithmic growth phase A549 cells were divided into blank control group, TNF-α group, BAY11-7082 group and TNF-α+BAY11-7082 group for NF-κB inhibitor experiment. The relative expression of NOX1 and p65 protein in each group was detected by Western blot method. The relative expression of intracellular reactive oxygen species(ROS) were detected by flow cytometry. RESULTS: i) The inhibition rate of A549 cells increased with the increase of TNF-α dose(P<0.05), and 25.0 μg/L was selected as the stimulation dose of TNF-α in subsequent experiments. ii) The relative expression of NOX1, p65 protein and ROS in the TNF-α group was higher than that in the blank control group, solvent control group and DPI group, respectively(P<0.05). The above indexes in TNF-α+DPI group were lower than that in TNF-α group(P<0.05), but higher than that in DPI group(P<0.05). The relative expression of NOX1, p65 protein and ROS in the TNF-α group were higher than that in the blank control group and the BAY11-7082 group(P<0.05), while the above indicators in the TNF-α+BAY11-7082 group were lower than that in the TNF-α group(P<0.05). CONCLUSION: Inhibition of NOX1 or NF-κB can alleviate the oxidative damage induce by TNF-α in A549 cells.