Objective To explore the epidemic situation of nontuberculous Mycobacteria in both Yuexiu and Zhuhai districts. Methods Mycobacterium tuberculosis culture and strain identification were conducted in suspected smear-positive tuberculosis patients who had visited our clinics at Yuexiu and Haizhu districts in Guangzhou during the period of 2010 to 2012. Results 2 014 sputum samples were identified as NTM and MTC, 1 630 samples were MTC (80.9%), and 384 samples were NTM (19.1%). The isolated rate for NTM from 2010 to 2012 was 17.6%, 17.1% and 21.2%, respectively. 79 strains of 384 NTM were identified; the rapid-growing mycobacterium was 50.6%, and the slow-growing mycobacterium was 49.4%. Conclusions The sputum-isolated rate of NTM for the suspected tuberculosis patients was 19.1% in Yuexiu and Haizhu districts in Guangzhou. For the smear-positive pulmonary tuberculosis patients who respond to treatment poorly , we should pay attention to NTM lung disease.

Objective:To analyze the change of bone mineral density (BMD) in postmenopausal women,and to study the relationship between BMD and the estrogen,cytokines,and serum levels of bone metabolism.Methods: 135 postmenopausal women were divided into the OP group (n=54),Osteopenia group (n=43) and normal group (n=38) according to the results of lumbar spine bone mineral density (BMD) scan.To detected the concentration of serum estradiol (E2),bone alkaline phosphatase (BALP) and osteocalcin (BGP),tartrate resistant acid phosphatase-5b (TRAP-5b),interleukin-6 (IL-6),tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α),transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β1) and IL-10 of research objects in the three groups.And to analyze the relationship between BMD and the levels of E2,BALP,BGP,TRAP-5b,IL-6,TNF-α,TGF-β1 and IL-10.Results: In the OP group and the Osteopenia group,BMD and the levels of E2,TGF-β1 and IL-10 were obviously lower than that in the normal group (P<0.05),and the levels of BALP,BGP,TRAP-5b,IL-6 and TNF-α were obviously higher than that in the normal group (P<0.05).When compared with the Osteopenia group,the BMD and E2 level in the OP group was more lower (P<0.05),and the levels of BALP,BGP,TRAP-5b,IL-6 and TNF-α were more higher (P<0.05).E2 and TGF-β1 showed the significant positive correction with BMD (P<0.05),and the BALP,BGP,TRAP-5b,IL-6 and TNF-α were all negatively corrected with BMD (P<0.05).However,no significant difference of relevance was seen between IL-10 and BMD (P>0.05).The low serum E2 levels and high serum levels of BALP,BGP,TRAP-5b,IL-6 and TNF-α were the independent factors affecting the reduction of BMD (P<0.05).Conclusion: The E2 level in patients with PMOP decreased obviously,which caused the imbalance of bone remodeling and inflammatory reaction,and which was related to the decrease of BMD.

BACKGROUND: Thermotherapy has achieved remarkable therapeutic effect on patients with esophageal cancer. However, there are still some problems which cannot be answered today, such as the damage of esophageal mucosa during deep thermotherapy when metal stent is placed in esophagus. OBJECTIVE: To study the metal stent-caused damages to esophageal mucosa of pigs in radiofrequency hyperthermia. DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING: Observational study which was performed in the Department of Tumor, Affiliated Hospital of Luzhou Medical College from October 2004 to January 2005. MATERIALS: 13 pigs weighing 35-40 kg were used in this study. Esophagus stent of memory alloy with membrane was provided by Zhiye Medical Apparatus Institute of Changzhou, China METHODS: Five points were located for measurement, i.e. the middle of the stent, the exit of the stent, 2 cm and 4 cm a distance from the exit and 4 cm from the entrance. Esophagus of 13 pigs was heated for 30 minutes by SR-1000 radiofrequency hyperthermia machine in frequency of 40.82 MHz, pole plate of 25 cm Ⅱ 25 cm and power of 500-700 W. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The esophageal mucosa was observed with naked eyes. And optical microscopy was used to observe the changes of the esophageal mucosa. RESULTS: Because one pig died of anesthesia and there were troubles of thermal detector lines in 4 pigs, only 8 pigs were included in the final analysis. Level of damage of esophageal mucosa on five temperature checkpoints was observed from grade 0 to 1 in naked eyes, and the difference of damaged level between five checkpoints was not obvious in statistics (H=2.0, P=0.157). Level of the damage was observed from grade 0 to 2 in microscope, and the difference was not obvious in statistics too (H=2.734, P=0.255). CONCLUSION: Influence of the metal stent on esophageal mucosa can be neglected in radiofrequency hyperthermia, and metal stent does not cause obvious mechanical damage or thermal damage to esophageal mucosa of pigs. It is safe and feasible to carry out radiofrequency hyperthermia on placed metal stent esophagus.

Objective To study the feasibility of in vitro release of γ-interferon tests (IGRA) in screening of tuberculosis for children with close TB contacts. Methods 185 children with close TB contacts were detected by IGRA at the pediatric clinic in our hospital. Results In IGRA-positive group, the rate of strong positive PPD (PDD≥15 mm) was 50.9%, which was higher than 9.1% in IGRA-negative group (X2 =37.263, P < 0.00). The morbidity rate for children with close TB contacts was 30.2% in IGRA-positive group, and it was significantly higher than 3.0% in IGRA-negative group (X2 = 28.928, P < 0.00). The sensitivity was 80% and the specificity was 77.6% for IGRA screening in children who had close contacts with TB patients. The sensitivity would be 95.0%, as the test was combined with PPD test. Conclusions IGRA screening in children with close TB contacts can increase the detection rate of tuberculosis and reduce imaging screening.

Objective To investigate the clinical characteristics of 40 patients with ocular toxocariasis (OT) on the first attendance.Methods A total of 40 consecutive patients who were clinically and serologically diagnosed with OT were retrospectively reviewed.Results The mean age of patients was (12.12±10.42) years.There were 29 males and 11 females.29 cases presented with decreased vision,4 children with leukocoria,2 cases with strabismus and 5 cases was found abnormal during regular eye examination.Initially 8 eyes (20％) were misdiagnosed as retinoblastoma (1 eye),Coat' s disease (1 eye),cataract (2 eyes),iridocyclitis (2 eyes) and retinal detachment (2 eyes).23 eyes had retinal detachment,19 eyes had cataract.OT was the initial diagnosis for 15 patients (37.5％).The best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) were NLP to 0.7.Ultrasound biomicroscopy (UBM) were performed in 29 eyes,and identified peripheral granulomas in 23 eyes and adjacent tractional retinal detachment in 12 eyes.We also identified 17 cases (68.0％) with elevated IgE level among 25 patients with positive serological antibody test.Conclusions Tractional retinal detachment,vitreous opacities and cataract are the common clinical findings at the first attendance of OT patients.The adjunctive test of serum total IgE level may be helpful for the diagnosis.The application of UBM and specific IgG detection in serum and intraocular fluid,can also improve the diagnosis.

Objective To investigate the association between SLC10A1 gene mutations in c.800G>A mutation and c.356 +1098C >T mutation, and the susceptibility to HBV infection by mother-to-child transmission ( MTCT) .Methods Totally 306 individuals born to HBeAg-positive mothers with high load HBV and without receiving nucleotide analogues treatment, including 247 HBV-infected cases and 59 non-HBV-infected ones were enrolled from Southwest Hospital during May 2011 and July 2015.Blood samples were collected from all the subjects, then genomic DNA was extracted and c.800G>A mutation and c.356+1098C>T mutation of SLC10A1 were genotyped .Chi-square test (Pearsonχ2or continuity correctionχ2) was performed to identify the difference in genotypes between two groups.Results Among vaccinated individuals (55 HBV infected and 56 not infected), the frequency of genotype GA of c.800G>A mutation in non-infected ones was 14.3%(8/56), there was a tendency of increasing compared with HBV infected ones (5.5%, 3/55), but the difference was not statistically significant (χ2 =2.424, P =0.119). Similarly, the frequencies of genotypes CC, CT and TT of the c.356+1098C>T mutation in HBV infected ones were 20.0%(11/55), 47.3%(26/55) and 32.7%(18/55), while those in non-infected ones were 12.5% (7/56), 69.6% (39/56) and 17.9% (10/56), and the difference was not of statistical significance (χ2 =5.766, P=0.056).In all subjects (vaccinated and non-vaccinated), the frequency of genotype GA of c.800G>A mutation in non-HBV infected group had an increasing tendency compared with HBV-infected offspring (13.6% vs.6.9%), but the difference was not statistically significant (χ2 =2.010, P=0.156);the frequencies of genotype CC, CT and TT of c.356+1098C>T mutation in HBV infected patients were 20.2%(50/247), 49.8%(123/247) and 30.0%(74/247), while those in non-HBV-infected group were 11.9%(7/59), 69.5%(41/59) and 18.6%(11/59), and the difference was statistically significant (χ2 =7.436, P =0.024 ) .Within the HBV infected group, the frequencies of genotype GA of c.800G>A mutation were 5.5%(3/55) in vaccinated individuals and 7.3%(14/192) in non-vaccinated individuals, and the difference was not of statistical significance (χ2 =0.030, P=0.863);Similarly, the frequencies of genotype CC, CT and TT of c.356 +1098C >T mutation in vaccinated individuals were 20.0%(11/55), 47.3%(26/55) and 32.7%(18/55), while those in non-vaccinated individuals were 20.3%(39/192), 50.5%(97/192) and 29.2%(56/192), and the difference was not of statistical significance (χ2 =0.274, P=0.872).Conclusion c.356+1098C>T mutation in SLC10A1 may be associated with susceptibility to HBV infection of child born in HBeAg positive pregnant women infected with high load HBV.

Objective:To construct a risk prediction model for urinary retention in patients undergoing radical cervical cancer surgery based on machine learning, and the prediction effect of the model was internally verified and evaluated, in order to provide reference for the early prevention and treatment of urinary retention in patients undergoing radical cervical cancer surgery.Methods:A total of 981 patients who underwent radical cervical cancer surgery in the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University from June 2017 to February 2022 were selected and divided into the training set (687 cases) and the test set (294 cases) according to a ratio of 7∶3. Through literature review and risk factor analysis, the influencing factors of urinary retention after radical treatment of cervical cancer were explored, and the risk prediction model of urinary retention was constructed by using XGBoost, random forest, support vector machine and decision tree in machine learning. The accuracy rate, recall rate, F1 value and AUC of four machine learning algorithms were calculated by using the method of 10-fold cross-validation, and the model with the highest predictive efficiency was selected.Results:Among the 981 patients included, the incidence of urinary retention after radical cervical cancer surgery was 18.86% (185/981). The median age of urinary retention group was 51 years old, and that of non urinary retention group was 50 years old. Statistically significant variables in the univariate analysis and influencing factors summarized by literature review were featured, including patient age, intraoperative blood loss, body mass index (BMI), cancer stage, surgical method, surgical resection scope, whether pelvic lymph node dissection was performed, comorbidities and residual urine. Among the four model building methods of machine learning, the random forest model has the best effect, its training set F1 value was 0.94, the test set F1 value was 0.77, the ROC was plotted and the AUC was calculated to be 0.73. Age, intraoperative blood loss, BMI, cancer stage and surgical method contributed significantly to the classification of random forest model.Conclusions:The prediction model of urinary retention risk after radical cervical cancer surgery based on random forest method has the best efficacy. It is useful to help nursing personnel evaluate the risk of the uroschesis for a patient and then take targeted nursing interventions to actively prevent postoperative urinary retention.

Objective To establish the HPLC fingerprints of petroleum ether parts from five traditional medicine (Alpinia officinarum Hance, Alpinia galangal ( L.) Wild, Alpinia galanga Will., Alpinia katsumadai Hayata, and Alpinia oxyphylla Miq), and to explore the similarities and differences of chemical composition,as well as the correlation between the genetic relationship and the chemical composition. Methods HPLC method was used to analysis the five traditional medicines. The data were evaluated by using the"similarity evaluation system for chromatographic fingerprint of TCM" software. Results The similarity chemical composition from Alpinia officinarum Hance,Alpinia galangal(L.) Wild,Alpinia galanga Will.,Alpinia katsumadai Hayata,and Alpinia oxyphylla Miq in ethyl acetate were 0.741,0.855,0.610,0.510, 0.680,respectively. Conclusion Though there were differences of fingerprint peak of petroleum ether parts between five the traditional Chinese medicines, similarities were also observed among them.

Objective To investigate the expression and clinical significance of CD28 and CD160 in patients with chronic HIV infection.Methods 50 patients with HIV from January 2016 to January 2017 were selected as the observation group, and 50 healthy volunteers were recruited as control group.Observe and record general information of all participants, the expression of CD28, CD160 in CD4+and CD8+T cells, initial T cells (TN), the expression of CD160 in central memory T cells (TCM), effector memory T cells (TEM), end effector memory T cells (TEMRA), mean fluorescence intensity (MFI), viral load of two kinds of the cells, analyze the correlation between the expression level of CD28 and CD160 and CD4+T cell count and viral load.Results With the increase of CD160 expression of CD4+T cells, CD4+T cells showed a downward trend, there is a negative correlation between them (r=-0.561, P＜0.05), CD8+T cell number is on the rise, there is a positive correlation between them (r=0.619, P＜0.05), and HIV-RNA copy number increased with the increase of CD160 expression on CD4+T cells and CD8+T cells, both positive (r=0.684, P＜0.05, r=0.459, P＜0.05);with the increase of CD28 cells on the expression of CD4+T, CD4+, CD8+T cells showed a rising trend, there is a positive correlation between them (r=0.621, P＜0.05, r=0.527, P＜0.05, HIV-RNA) and the copy number decreased with the increase of the expression of CD28 and CD4+T on CD8+T cells, there is a negative correlation between them (r=-0.634, P＜0.05, r=-0.582, P＜0.05).There was no significant difference in the positive rate of expression in TEMRA subgroup and MFI of CD160 in CD8+T cell in two groups (P＞0.05).The positive rate and MFI of CD8+T cell CD160 in TN, TCM and TEM subgroups in observation group were significantly higher than those in control group (Tcm), with statistical significance.Conclusion The expression of CD28 in patients with chronic HIV infection is decreased, and the expression of CD160 is increased, which may be related to the decrease of HIV CD4+T and CD8+T cells, in which CD160 mainly affects the memory CD8+T.

Objective:To investigate the status of innovative behavioral ability of undergraduate nursing students, analyze the relationship between nursing students′ sense of benefit, self-transcendence and innovative behavioral ability, and explore the mediating effect of occupational benefit in self-transcendence and innovative behavioral ability.Methods:A convenient sampling method was used to select 223 undergraduate nursing students in the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine as the research object from October 2017 to April 2019. The cross-sectional survey was conducted using the occupational benefit, self-transcendment scale and nurses′ innovative behavior scale. Apply SPSS21.0 to analyze the correlation between self-transcendence, occupational benefit and innovative behavior of undergraduate nursing students, apply AMOS 22.0 for mediating effect test, and use the bias-corrected percentile Bootstrap method to estimate the median effect of occupational benefit 95% confidence interval.Results:The path coefficient of undergraduate nursing students′ self-transcendence to innovative behavioral ability was significant ( r value was 0.31, P<0.01). Self-transcendence had a significant positive effect on positive occupational sense ( r value was 0.36, P<0.05). The 95% confidence interval for the Bootstrap test of the indirect effect of positive occupationality was 0.02-0.07; the positive sense of occupation had a partial mediating effect between self-transcendence and innovative behavioral ability, with an effect value of 0.14 and a total effect value of 0.42. That was, the mediation effect value accounted for 33.3% of the total effect value. The path coefficient of the team's ability to feel innovative behavior was significant ( r value was 0.39, P<0.05), and self-transcendence had a positive impact on team belonging ( r value was 0.28, P<0.01). The 95% confidence interval for the Bootstrap test for the indirect effects of team belonging was distributed in 0.10-0.42. The sense of belonging of the team had a partial mediating effect between self-transcendence and innovative behavioral ability. The mediating effect value was 0.07, and the total effect value was 0.42, that was, the mediating effect value accounts for 16.7% of the total effect value. Conclusions:Self-transcendence of undergraduate nursing students can directly predict the ability of innovative behavior, and can also indirectly predict the ability of innovative behavior through the mediating role of positive career perception and team belonging in the sense of professional benefit. Improving the professional benefit and self-transcendence of nursing students in clinical teaching may be an effective way to improve the ability of innovative behavior.