Objective To investigate the incidence and the risk factors of the vascular disease in lower limbs of patients with type 2 diabetes(T2DM).Methods To retrospectively analyze 318 cases with T2DM patients.All the patients were checked on both lower limbs by color ultrasonic Doppler.The differences of ordinary and biochemical indicators between PVD group and non-PVD group were compared.Results There were 67.2％ (205/318) patients who had vascular disease in lower limbs with type 2 diabetes.Age,course of disease,HbAlC,TC,TG,SBP,DBP and BMI in PVD group were significantly higher than those in non-PVD group( P ＜ 0.01 ).Conclusion There was higher incidence of the vascular disease in lower limbs of patients with type 2 diabetes.And the independent risk factors were hypertension,hyperglycemia,hyperlipemia.It could help to prevent the development of lower limb blood vessel pathological changes in DM patients by controlling the levels of blood pressure,lipid and blood sugar strictly.

Purpose To screen and identify T cell lymphoma invasion and metastasis 1 (Tiam1) related genes and expression profile during distant metastasis of colorectal cancer. Methods Colorectal cancer( CRC) in a mice model was established by intraperitoneal injection of dimethylhydrazine ( DMH) . Five panels of fresh primary tumor tissues from Tiam1 transgenic mice were collected and com-pared with that from wild type mice. Differentially expressed genes were detected by Affymetrix human genome-wide expression profile chip and verified by real-time quantitative PCR ( qRT-PCR) analysis. Results The genechip result showed that 794 genes were differ-entially expressed by at least 3 folds in Tiam1 transgenic mice with distant metastasis of colorectal cancer tissue, including 400 up-regu-lated and 394 down-regulated ones. Bioinformatics analysis and gene co-expression network building identified 3 genes (PIK3R5, FIGF and RPS6KA6) with specific expression in colorectal cancer tissue with distant metastasis, and this result was confirmed by qRT-PCR. Conclusion A specific Tiam1 gene expression profile related to colorectal cancer distant metastasis has been established through screening and identifying the genes related to Tiam1 by gene chip technique. These findings provide a basis for exploring the molecular markers of colorectal cancer with distant metastasis.

Objective To observe the clinical effects of the children with svstemic inflammatorv re- active syndrome(SIRS)receiving micro-dose heparin at early stage of the diseases.Methods The 53 cas- es diagnosed as SIRS were included in the randomized control trial.They were divided into two groups,26 cases in control group and 27 cases in therapeutic group.The children in control group received therapy for their primary diseases and other routine managements for SIRS.The children in therapeutic group received both above therapy and micro-dose heparin(5-10 U/kg,1 fime/6hours)via subcutaneous injection at earlv stages of diseases for 3 days.Results There were improvements in both control and therapeutic group, platelets count increased,C-reactive protein decreased (P＜0.01),there were significant diffemnce in platelets and C-reactive protein between two groups,the time of platelets recovery in therapeutic group [(28±9)h]Was less than that in control group[(55±14)h](P＜0.01).In therapeutic group,the dumtion of SIRS was shortened (P＜0.05),mortality and the incidence of multiple organ dysfunction svndrome (MODS)and disseminated intravascular eoagultion(DIC)were decreased significantly(P＜0.05).Con- clusion Early micro-dose heparin in SIRS can shorten its duration and decrease the mortality and the inci- dence of MODS in the children with SIRS.

Objective To discuss pathological features of three cases of uterine primary NHL(non Hodgkin′s lymphoma).Methods The clinical and pathological data of 3 cases of NHL were collected.Immunohistochemical method was used to label the tumor cells.Their histological types were classified by the latest WHO Classification of Tumors of Haematopoietic and Lymphoid Tissues,and then differential diagnosis with other uterus diseases was offered.Results Three cases were presented with abnormal vaginal bleeding or ejecting as the first symptom,which was easily misdiagnosed as common diseases of the uterus in preliminary clinical and pathological diagnosis.Histopathology of general uterus specimens demonstrated that case one expressed CD3,CD56,TiA-1 and so on,and detected EBV virus cells expression,which supported the diagnosis of NK/T cell lymphoma.Another two cases expressed B cell-specific markers(CD20) and so on,and these tumor cells volume was 3 times larger than that of lymphocyte.These tumor cells had high proliferation index and supported diffuse large B-cell lymphoma diagnosis.Conclusion The tumor cells are like lymphocytes.We infiltrate endometria and myometrium,which is difficult to identify from endometria stromal sarcoma and other tumors,and need to use immunohistochemistry(IHC) for definitive diagnosis and differential diagnosis.

Objective To evaluate the efficacy of surgical procedure for tibia-fibula fracture using a combination of internal fixation and vacuum sealing drainage(VSD).Methods Totally 108 patients were enrolled in this study and these patients were from January 2012 to December 2015 divided into two groups(54 per group) according to the surgical method.Patients in the observation group were treated with locking plates or intramedullary naiis fixation combined with VSD covered the wound for the following 6 to 10 days,and then the transplantation was performed.Patients in control group received external fixation with kirschner wire and screw fixation.When granulation tissue filled the wound,flap transplantation was performed to repair tissue defect and cover the exposed bone.The average hospital stay,operation time,local infection rate,fracture healing time were recorded and analyzed.Results In the observation group,the average hospital stay was (24.8 ± 4.2) d,wound closure time was (9.4 ± 1.7) d,rate of local infection was 5.6％,rate of bone nonunion was 7.4％,rate of osteomyelitis was 1.9％,fracture healing time was (17 ±4.7)weeks;the corresponding data in the control group was (32.2 ±8.7)d,(14.1 ±3.8)d,22.2％,9.3％,0 and (16 ± 6.5) weeks.The average hospital stay,wound closure time and infection rate of the two groups were of significant difference(P ＜0.05).There was no significant difference in terms of bone nonunion rate,osteomyelitis rate and union time (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion Tibia-fibula fracture patients can be effectively treated with a combination of internal fixation and vacuum sealing drainage (VSD).This treatment may shorten the length of hospital stay,reduce the wound-close time and lower the infection rate.

Objective To explore the effect of Tiam1 overexpression on the biological behaviors of human colorectal cancer cells ( CRC ) . Methods The human CRC lines under the established stable overexpression of Tiam1 were studied. Cell morphology was detected before and after transfection by commassie blue staining and scanning electron microscope. The proliferation in vitro of CRC was tested by cell cycle, MTT and plate colony formation assay, the migration and invasion ability of CRC was tested by Transwell assay. The proliferation ability in vivo was studied by induced subcutaneous tumors of nude mice. Results Compared with HT29/mock cells, HT29/Tiam1 cells formed as spindle, the pseudopodia increased and elongated. The proportion in S phase of HT29/Tiam1 was higher (t=19.546, P=0.000), the proliferation ability enhanced (F=177.125, P=0.000), colonies formation ratio increased ( t = 3 . 222 , P = 0 . 032 ) . The number of HT29/Tiam1 cells acrossing the microporous membrane (t = 4.832, P=0.001)and Matrigel(t=3.779, P = 0.005)all raised. On the fifteenth day, the growth deference between the HT29/Tiam1cells and HT29/mock cells in nude mice in vivo occurred. Till the thirtieth day, the size of the tumors in HT29/Tiam1 cell group were 2.3 times as large as that in HT29/mock cell group (F=53.040, P=0.002). Conclusions Tiam1 stable overexpression can promote the proliferation, migration and invasion ability of CRC which indicates its important role in carcinogenesis and evolution of colorectal cancer. Tiam1 may represent a new therapeutic target for colorectal cancer.

Objective To analyse the suspected hereditary non-polyposis colorectal cancer (HNPCC) in mismatch repair protein (MMR) expression of hMLH1 and hMSH2. Methods Immunohistochemical staining method was used for the detection of hMLH1 and hMSH2 protein expression in 193 cases suspected HNPCC patients, the deletion of MMR proteins was identified as highly suspected HNPCC cases. Results Of the 193 patients with suspected HNPCC hMLH1/hMSH2 abnormal expression rate was 29.02%; ≤30 years old was 40%, 31 ~ 40 years old was 28.05%, 41 ~ 50 years old was 28.71%,3 suspected HNPCC showed the deletion of hMLH1/hMSH2 protein expression at the same time ,; In the right colon , the left half colon and rectal anomaly detection rates were 40.74%, 32.65%and 18.89%; hMLH1/hMSH2 deletion was 46.15%with family history. Conclusions The deletion of MMR protein is closely related to age,site and family history in suspected HNPCC, and the deletion of hMLH1 is an important factor to induce early-set colorectal cancer. The deletion of hMLH1/hMSH2 at the same time indicates that hMLH1/hMSH2 genes may play important role in the incidence of HNPCC.

Objective To observe the impacts of lumbar plexus block combined with sciatic nerve block on postoperative cognitive function and plasma S100βlevel in eldly patients undergoing hip surgeries.Methods Sixty patients of ASA Ⅱ or Ⅲ aged 65-85 years,undergoing selective hip sur-geries,were randomly divided into 2 groups (n=30 each).Group G received general anesthesia with tracheal intubation,while group L received ultrasound-guided lumbar plexus block and parasacral sci-atic nerve block combined with general anesthesia.The mini-mental state examination (MMSE)score was recorded before anesthesia,1 d,3 d and 7 d after operation.The plasma S100βlevel was detected before anesthesia,1 h and 7 d after operation.Results The MMSE scores declined on 1 d after oper-ation in both groups(P <0.05),and the value was lower in group G(P <0.05).There were 18 (56.7%)patients diagnosed with POCD in group G at the first day postoperatively,while it was 10 (33.3%)in group L,and the difference was significant(P<0.05).The MMSE scores were still low-er at 3 d after operation (P<0.05).The concentrations of plasma S100βincreased in both groups at 1 h after operation,and it was more obviously in group G (P <0.05).Conclusion Lumbar plexus block combined with parasacral sciatic nerve block might reduce the stress reaction and dosages of general anesthetics in eldly patients undergoing hip surgeries,minimize the damages of central nervous system,protect the cognitive function and reduce the incidence of POCD.

Objective To study the synergistic antitumor effects of quercetin and cisplatin in human prostate cancer PC3 cells and LNCaP cells.Methods Twelve h after PC3 cells or LNCaP cells were seeded,different dose of quercetin (10 μmol/L,20 μmol/L,40 μmol/L,80 μmol/L,160 μmol/L) or cisplatin (0.01 μmol/L,0.05 μmol/L,0.1 μmol/L,1 μmol/L,10 μmol/L),or quercetin (20 μmol/L) + cisplatin (0.01 μmol/L,0.05 μmol/L,0.1 μmol/L,1 μmol/L,10 μmol/L) were added for48 h and then the antiproliferative effects were detected with MTT assay.After incubated with quercetin (20 μmol/L) or cisplatin (0.05 μ mol/L),or quercetin (20 μ mol/L) + cisplatin (0.05 μmol/L) for48 h,cell cycle distribution and apoptosis of PC3 cells or LNCaP cells were detected by flow cytometer,PI and Annexin V staining.Protein expression was detected by Western blotting.Results After treatment with quercetin or cisplatin alone,the IC50 were (0.99 ± 0.13) μmol/L,(0.75 ± 0.09) μmol/L and (91.60 ± 6.10) μ mol/L,(72.90±4.70) μ mol/L for LNCaP cells or PC3 cells,respectively;The IC50 were (0.11±0.06)μ mol/L,(0.07±0.02) μmol/L for quercetin + cisplatin treatment (Compared with quercetin,P＜0.01 ;Compared with cisplatin,P＜0.05.After treatment with cisplatin or quercetin + cisplatin for 48 h,the S phase percent of LNCaP cells or PC3 cells were (22.4±2.7)％,(31.2±2.4)％ and (20.1±1.6)％,(31.0±2.5)％,respectively,(Compared with control,P＜0.05,however,treatment with quercetin alone has no significant difference (Compared with control,P＞0.05).After treatment with cisplatin or quercetin + cisplatin for 48 h,the apoptotic percent of LNCaP cells or PC3 cells were (14.8 ± 1.9) ％,(39.6 ± 3.1) ％ and (11.5± 1.2) ％,(34.1 ±3.3) ％,respectively,(compared with control,P ＜ 0.05,however,treatment with quercetin alone had no significant difference (compared with control,P＞0.05).After treatment with quercetin alone for 48 h,the activation of caspase-3,caspase-8 and caspase-9 were slightly increased,the expressions of Bax and p21 were up-regulated,the expressions of Bcl-2 and CDK2 were down-regulated.Furthermore,these effect of cisplatin and quercetin + cisplatin were significantly enhanced (compared with quercetin,P＜0.05;compared with quercetin,P＜0.01,respectively.Conclusions The combination modality with quercetin and cisplatin has a better treatment effect in vitro not only in androgen-dependent LNCaP cells but also in androgen-independent PC3 cells.

Objective To investigate the correlation between the expression changes of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in colon mucosa and abdominal pain in irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). The density of nerve fiber in colon mucosa and ultrastructural alterations of nerve fiber in IBS were also observed. Methods From September 2008 to January 2010,the IBS patients who visited the department of gastroenterology of our hospital and met the Rome Ⅲ diagnosis criteria were selected and divided into IBS with diarrhea (D-IBS) and IBS with constipation (C-IBS) according to their clinical features. The patients with colon polyps detected by colonoscopy in our hospital were selected as control group. All subjects were asked to fill in Self-Rating abdominal pain or abdominal uncomfortable Scale according to abdominal symptom in the last 2 weeks before visit and underwent colonoscopy. Four biopsy specimens were taken from the colon mucosa of rectosigmoid junction. Ofwhich,two specimens were for protein isolation and detection of BDNF expression level,one specimen was used for PGP 9. 5 immunohistochemistry staining in paraffin slices. Another specimen was used to observe the ultrastructure changes of nerve fiber in colon mucosa under transmission electron microscopy. Results Total 40 IBS patients were enrolled in this study,of those 21 were D-IBS patients,19 were C-IBS patients,and 21 were controls. The abdominal pain severity score and frequency score of IBS patients were (2. 3±0. 8) and (2. 1±0. 7),which were significantly higher than those of control group (0. 4±0. 7 and 0. 3±0. 5,P＜0. 001). Compared with the control group,the BDNF expression in colon mucosa was significantly elevated in IBS patients (P= 0. 003 ),and which correlated with the severity and frequency of abdominal pain/discomfort (r=0. 57,P＜0. 001and r=0. 46,P= 0. 003,respectively). The immunohistochemistry result indicated that the nerve fiber density in colon mucosa of IBS patients was significantly higher than that of controls,and there were ultrastructural changes of colon mucosal nerve fibers in IBS patients. Conclusion Increased colon mucosal BDNF expression may be associated with abdominal pain symptom in IBS patients. The impaired ultrastructural of mucosal nerve fibers may cause the increased BDNF expression in colon mucosa,and result in the increased mucosal nerve fiber density in IBS patients.