Objective To summarize the clinical experience of laparoscopic cholecystectomy(LC) for acute cholecystitis.Methods Clinical records of 58 cases of acute cholecystitis treated by LC from March 1998 to May 2004 were respectively reviewed.Results Intraoperative cholangiography was conducted in 6 cases,5 of which were found to have common bile duct stones.Of the 5 cases,2 underwent LC combined with choledoscopic choledochotomy, stone removal and T tube drainage; the other 3 cases had ill defined relationship of Calot′s triangle and underwent conversion to open choledochotomy with stone removal and T tube drainage.In 52 cases were diagnosed as simple gallbladder stones, LC was successfully accomplished in 50 cases and conversion to open surgery was required in 2 cases because of serious inflammatory adhesions.In this study 1 case had jaundice after operation and 3 cases had leakage of bile,and all recovered on conservative treatment . Conclusions LC can be performed safely in the majority of cases of acute cholecystitis.

Objective To study the role of calcitonin gene-related peptide(CGRP)and vasoactive intestinal peptide(VIP)in the pathogenesis of alopecia areata(AA).Methods Radioimmunoassay(RIA)was used to measure the levels of CGRP and VIP in plasma from30patients with AA and20normal controls.Immunohistochemistry was employed to detect the expression of CGRP and VIP in lesions of21patients with AA and16normal scalps.Results①The plasma levels of CGRP in progressing stage of AA(142.63?67.95pg/mL)were significantly lower than those in stable stage of AA(197.33?67.15pg/mL)and in normal controls(188.40?72.95pg/mL).②The plasma levels of VIP in progressing stage of AA(105.94?55.42pg/mL)were significantly lower than those in stable stage of AA(156.86?47.37pg/mL)and in normal controls(176.44?84.70pg/mL).③The expression of CGRP and VIP was significanly decreased in lesions of AA than that in normal scalps.Conclusion These findings indicate that CGRP and VIP may play a role in the pathogenesis of alopecia areata.

Objective: The bioactivity of four podophyllotoxin analogues were tested against 3rd instar larvae of Culex pipiens pallens and 5 h instar larvae of Pieris rapae L.Methods:WHO bioassay and leaf-dlpping method. Results: ①Deoxypodophyllotoxin and ?-apopicropodophyllotoxin exhibited toxicity(against) Culex pipiens pallens,and their LC_(50) were 0.001 48 and 0.001 68 g/L,respectively.②All the four podophyllotoxin analogues displayed inhibitory effect on the growth and development against Culex pipiens pallens,their pupation rates were delayed comparing with control.③Deoxypodophyllotoxin,?-apopicropodophyllotoxin and Podophyllotoxin exhibited toxicity against Pieris rapae L,the LC_(50) 96 h after treatment were 0.045 4?0.078 2 and 0.159 7 g/L,respectively.④All the four podophyllotoxin analogues showed antifeedant activity against Pieris rapae L,their AFC_(50)were 0.016 1,0.018 7,0.039 4 and(0.273 9) g /L,respectively.⑤All four podophyllotoxin analogues displayed inhibitory effect on the growth and development against Pieris rapae L,but the extent of each compound were very different. Conclusion: Based on the data obtained in this investigation,it is possible that the dissimilarity in the structure of the analogues leads to their different bioactivity.

Malignancies threaten human health seriously.Recently studies show that intercellular signal transduction influences the biological characteristics of tumor cells.It has closely relationship with tumor growth and metastasis.Insulin-like growth factor ( IGFs ) signal transduction system is a potential mitogen that distributed in the body′s tissues, organs and blood.Researches show that the abnormal expression of IGFs exists in many tissues, such as breast cancer, colorectal cancer, gastric carcinoma, lung carcinoma, pancreatic cancer and so on, which may play an important role in occurrence and metastasis as a novel tumor marker.

Objective To study the mechanism of Hezhong Jiangni Formnla(HJF) in protecting esophageal mucosa.Methods Rat models of reflux esophagitis were established by cardioplasty,pyloric ligation and roux-Y type gastrojejunostomy to evaluate the degree of esophageal mucosa injury.After treatment of HJF,the gastric juice was collected with the method of pyloric ligation to determine its volume and acidity and the activity of pepsin.The gastrointestinal motility was observed after oral use of charcoal powder.The level of malondialydehyde(MDA)in esophageal mucosa was measured to evaluate the esophageal antioxidative ability.Results HJF relieved the injury of esophageal mucosa dose-dependently;it had no obvious influence on the volume and acidity of gastric juice and the activity of pepsin,but it could obviously improve the gastrointestinal motility.MDA level of esophageal mucosa in the model group was increased significantly as compared with the control group.Pretreatment with HJF could greatly inhibited the formation of MDA.Conclusion HJF has protective effect on esophageal mucosa,which may be related to the improvement of gastrointestinal motility and its antioxidant action.

The paper discussed a variety of experimental designs of compound compatibility law of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM): study of whole formula and different ingredients of formula. The latter includes study of single ingredient, study of functional ingredient group, orthogonal design, clustering analysis, homogeneous design, factorial analysis and so on. It was proposed that experimental designs of formula should be based on the theory of TCM, and combined with modern sciences.

Objective To evaluate the findings of computerized tomography (CT) imaging in patients with primary pulmonary fungal infections.Methods CT findings and clinical data of 18 cases of primary pulmonary fungal infections from 2004 to 2012 were retrospectively analyzed.The diagnoses of all patients were confirmed by pathology or serology.Results The CT of primary pulmonary fungal infections showed soft tissue density nodules in 15 out of 18 cases,and masses in 3 out of 18.By pathology or serological examination,there were 12 cases of Aspergillus infections,3 cases of cryptococcal infections and 3 cases of coccidioidomycosis.The CT findings of all of the 12 cases of Aspergillus infection showed quasi-circular shaped lesions,with lobulation and spiculation (6/12),bronchial through syndrome (3/12),the air crescent sign (6/12),or mediastinal/hilar lymphadenopathies (3/12).Six cases presenting air crescent sign were all diagnosed with primary pulmonary aspergillosis.Among 12 aspergillosis cases,6 cases underwent CT enhancement scan,among which 3 showed no enhancement and 3 showed slight enhancements.The CT findings of all eases of Cryptococcus neoformans infections were cauliflower-like shape,with lobulation,spiculation,and no focal point calcification or mediastinal/hilar lymphadenopathies.After enhancement,all of the lesions were enhanced heterogeneously.The CT findings of all the coccidioidomycosis were irregular shaped lesions with halo sign and mediastinal/hilar lymphadenopathies.All 3 cases of halo signs were diagnosed with primary coccidioidal infections.Conclusions The CT findings of primary pulmonary fungal infections have certain characteristics.Diagnosis could be made based on CT imaging together with clinical manifestations before pathological results are available.

Prosthesis for femoral head surface replacement was designed. Between January 2002 and December 2005,28 patients underwent femoral head surface replacement in Anyang People's Hospital. The diameter of the normal femoral head was determined by CT,and the prosthesis was selected according to the measured value ±1 mm. With the muscle gap approach,the center of the femoral head was determined according to the measured distance between the femoral head center and the culminated point of the round ligament fossa based on the mark of the culminated point of the round ligament pit. Additionally,the diameter of the femoral head was measured again to ensure the precise match of the prosthesis and acetabulum. X-ray films at 24-48 months show no loosening or dislocation of the prosthesis,which was well matched with acetabulum. Furthermore,the joint space did not remarkably change. The mean score was 63 before operation and 91.5 after operation respectively according to Harris sore. The successful rate is 92.86% (excellent in 23cases,good in 3,and improved in 2). The results show that femoral head surface replacement is an effective method for young patients with avascular necrosis of the femoral head at the stage of ARCO HI.

AIM: To explore the relationship between berberine content of Banxiaxiexin Decoction in rat serum and gastric motility. METHODS:Berberine content of Banxiaxiexin Decoction was determined by HPLC; Gastric residue was observed in all the rats with a marker of dextran blue 2000 to determine the capacity of gastric evacuation. RESULTS: Banxiaxiexin Decoction markly promoted gastric evacuation ( P

AIM: To investigate the contractile effect of berberine on antral smooth muscle cells in rat stomach. METHODS: Smooth muscle cells were isolated from the antrum of the SD rat stomach. Different doses of berberine were added into cell suspension. Contractibility of smooth muscle cells were measured by micrometry. RESULTS: Compared with the control group the length of the treated cells(0.5g?L -1 ,1g?L -1 ) was significantly short( P