Objective To study the cognitive behaviors of ICU nurses about cluster intervention strategies of central venous catheter blood infection.Methods Two hundred and two ICU nurses were involved in the survey using self-designed questionnaire.Results The scores on knowledge of ICU nurses with cluster intervention strategies was(31.9±2.8)and the score on the cognitive behaviors was(26.9±2.6). Conclusions The ICU nurses’knowledge on cluster intervention strategies is at a general level and their behaviors are at the status ofseldomorsometimes.Therefore,improvement of manipulation flowsheet,control of routes for bacterial infections and enhancement of knowledge learning are critical for the improvement of cognitive behaviors of ICU nurses with cluster intervention strategies.

Objective To investigate the clinical effect of acellular allograft dermal tissue patch used in transvaginal rectovaginal fistula repair.Methods From Jan.2008 to Dec.2011,22 patients with rectovaginal fistula undergoing treatment in Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital were studied retrospectively.Twelve patients treated by tissue patch were classified into study group matched with 10 patients with general surgery as controls.Results In study group,11 patients were successfully repaired by their first surgery; one patient was successfully fixed by the second surgery.The successful rate of first operation was 11/12 in study group and 4/5 in recurrent transvaginal rectovaginal fistula.In control group,7 patients were fixed successfully in their first surgeries,the successful rate of first surgery was 7/10.Two primary patients and 1 recurrent patient were successfully fixed by their second surgeries.All of the patients were followed up for (9.0 ± 2.0) months,and no recurrence diseases were observed.Conclusion The transvaginal rectovaginal fistula fixed using acellular allografi dermal tissue patch could get less trauma and higher cure rate.

Objective:To establish the methods for the qualitative identification and content determination of aurantio-obtusin and chrysophanol in Zeju Jiangzhi tablets. Methods:A TLC method was adopted for the qualitative identification, and an HPLC method was used for the content determination. The determination was performed on a Wondasil C18 (250 mm × 4. 6 mm, 5 μm ) column with the mobile phase of acetonitrile -0. 1% phosphonic acid with gradient elution at the flow rate of 1. 0 ml?min-1 , the detection wave-length was 286 nm, the column temperature was 30℃ and the injection volume was 10μl. Results:The TLC spots of aurantio-obtusin and chrysophanol were clear and well-separated without any negative interference. The HPLC experiment results showed the good line-arity within the range of 1. 03-25. 72μg?ml-1(r=0. 999 9) for aurantio-obtusin, and 0. 48-11. 92μg?ml-1(r=0. 999 9) for chry-sophanol. The average recovery was 99. 21% and 98. 85%, and RSD was 0. 70% and 0. 73%, respectively (n=9). Conclusion:The method is simple, accurate and repeatable, which can be used for the qualitative identification and content determination of auran-tio-obtusin and chrysophanol in Zeju Jiangzhi tablets.

Objective To study the effects of the different concentrations of ethanol extracts of Smilax China on ear edema in mice and granuloma in rats,and to provide an evidence for optimizing the extraction process. Methods Effects of different concentrations of ethanol extracts of Smilax China on the xylene-induced ear edema in mice and the cotton ball-induced granuloma hyperplasia in rats were tested . Results Compared with the model controls,70% ethanol extracts of Smilax China at high,medium and low doses significantly inhibited ear edema in mice (t=2. 58,P<0. 05;t=2. 28,P<0. 05;t=2. 17,P<0. 05) and reduced the granuloma hyperplasia in rats(t=5. 28,P<0. 01;t=5. 24,P<0. 01;t=5. 17,P<0. 01). Conclusion The 70% ethanol extracts of Smilax China at three doses present the most active antiinflammatory effect,confirmed in both mice ear edema and rats granuloma models.

Objective To evaluate the value of whole genome amplification (WGA) combined with array comparative genomic hybridization (aCGH) in prenatal diagnosis. Methods Array CGH were performed by the DNA of 18 prenatal specimens , which were amplified by WGA because of the low DNA yield. Result 3 of the 18 fetuses were 45, X0 and 9 of 15 fetuses with normal aCGH results showed healthy outcome. Conclusion It’ s feasible for prenatal diagnosis using WGA combined with aCGH which not only can shorten the reporting time but also keep the sensitivity and accuracy of detection.

OBJECTIVE: To study the efficacy and safety of Yiqi Tongmai Oral Liquid (YQTM), a traditional compound Chinese herbal medicine, in treating angina pectoris in patients with coronary heart disease. METHODS: A multicentric, randomized, double blinded and paralleled controlled trial was conducted on 110 patients in trial group treated with YQTM, and 109 patients in control group treated with Shuxin Oral Liquid (SX). Cure and effective rates in both groups were evaluated. Frequency and duration of angina attack were counted and measured. Coronary angiography (CAG), electrocardiogram (ECG) and flat exercise test were taken in both groups. Blood lipid indexes, such as cholesterol (CH), triglyceride (TG), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), high density lipoprotein (HDL), were determined at pre- and post-treatment. The hemodynamic indexes, such as whole blood viscosity (J2), high-shear reduced viscosity (Eh), low-shear reduced viscosity (Ei), red cell aggregation index (Lb), red cell rigidity index (Rh), fibrinogen (Fb), blood sedimentation rate (BSR) and hematocrit (HCT), were determined at pre-and post-treatment. The indicated scores of symptoms and signs of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) pattern, such as chest pain, chest constriction, breath shortness, palpitation, fatigue, dim complexion, spontaneous perspiration and tongue proper, tongue coating were evaluated in week 0, 1, 2, 3, 4 during the treatment course. The safety indexes, such as body temperature, pulse, respiration and blood pressure were observed. Routine tests of blood, urine and stool, hepatic function test and renal function test were taken at pre- and post-treatment. RESULTS: There was no significant difference between the total effective rate of the trial group and that of the control group, which were 91.82% and 85.32%, respectively (P>0.05). Trial groups percentile of cure rate is significantly higher than that of the control group (P<0.01). The frequency and duration of angina attack, the positive ratio of CAG and flat exercise test of both groups were lowered, while the effect of the trial group on frequency and duration of angina attack was better. No significant difference was found in ECG features between the two groups (P>0.05). The levels of CH, TG and LDL of both groups were lowered significantly (P<0.05). The effect of lowering CH, TG and LDL of the trial group was stronger than that of the control group (P<0.05). The hemodynamic indexes, such as J2, Eh, Ei, Lb, Rh, Fb, BSR and HCT were improved significantly in both groups (P<0.05). The improvements of J2, Eh, Ei, Lb, Rh, Fb and SR in the trial group were greater than those of control group (P<0.05). The TCM symptoms and signs, such as chest pain, chest constriction, breath shortness, palpitation, fatigue, dim complexion, spontaneous perspiration were improved significantly in both groups (P<0.05). The improvements of chest constriction, palpitation, fatigue and spontaneous perspiration in the trial group were greater than those of the control group (P<0.05). The total indicated score of TCM symptoms and signs was lowered more significantly than that of the control group (P<0.01). No significant changes were found at pre- and post-treatment in safety indexes, such as routine tests for blood, urine and stool, hepatic function test and renal function test. There was no significant difference in safety features of both groups (P>0.05). CONCLUSION: Yiqi Tongmai Oral Liquid bears good therapeutic effect on angina pectoris without adverse reaction, and is superior to Shuxin Oral Liquid. Yiqi Tongmai Oral Liquid is a new effective and safe medicine for the treatment of angina pectoris in patients with coronary heart disease.

Objective: To investigate the expression and significance of NLRP3/IL-1β/TGF-β₁ signal axis in a rat model of silicosis and pulmonary fibrosis. Methods: Eighty healthy Wistar male rats of SPF grade were randomly divided into 4 groups: high (100 mg/ml) , medium (50 mg/ml) , low (25 mg/ml) concentration SiO₂ dusting group and normal negative control. Group, 20 in each group. Five rats were sacrificed at 7 d, 14 d, 28 d and 56 d after SiO₂ dusting. The degree of alveolitis and the degree of pulmonary fibrosis were observed. The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to detect IL-1β in lung tissue. The expressions of NLRP3 and Caspase-1 in lung tissue of rats were detected by Western Blot. Results: The alveolitis score and fibrosis degree of the rats in the dust-receiving group were significantly higher than those in the control group at 7 d, 14 d, 28 d and 56 d, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.01) . The concentrations of IL-1β, IL-18 and TGF-β1 in 14 d, 28 d and 56 d were significantly higher than those in the control group (P<0.01) . The expressions of NLRP3 and Caspase-1 in lung tissue of rats exposed to dust were 7 d and 14 d, 28 d, 56d were higher than the control group (P<0.01) ; the expression levels of NLRP3, Caspase-1, IL-1β, IL-18 and TGF-β₁ in the low, medium and high concentration SiO₂ dusting group were 7 d, 14 d and The difference between the two groups was statistically significant (P<0.05) , and both showed a time-effect relationship with the increase of dusting time. Conclusion NLRP3 and its downstream factors Caspase-1, IL-1β, IL-18 and TGF-β1 are highly expressed in the lung tissue of rats with silicosis and pulmonary fibrosis, suggesting that the NLRP3/IL-1β/TGF-β₁ signal axis may be associated with silicosis. Pulmonary fibrosis has a close relationship and plays a role in the formation of silicosis.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the mechanism of nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor family pyrin domain-containing 3( NLRP3) inflammasome in the development and progression of silicosis pulmonary fibrosis,and to explore the effect of NLRP3 inhibitor MCC950 on silicosis pulmonary fibrosis. METHODS: The specific pathogen free Wistar male rats were randomly divided into control group,model group and inhibitor group,with 20 rats in each group.The rats in the model group and the inhibitor group were given a 1. 0 m L of free silica suspension at a concentration of 50 g/L by the non-exposure endotracheal intubation method. Rats in the control group were given an equal volume of sterilized 0. 9% sodium chloride solution. Rats in the inhibitor group were given 10 mg/kg body weight of MCC950 once every other day by gavage,while rats in the model group and the control group were given an equal volume of sterilized0. 9% sodium chloride solution. Five rats were randomly sacrificed at 7,14,28,and 56 days after model establishment.The body weight of the rats was weighed,and the degree of pulmonary alveolitis and pulmonary fibrosis was observed. The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to detect the levels of interleukin( IL)-1β,IL-18 and transforming growth factor-β1( TGF-β1) of lung tissues. Western blotting was used to detect the relative expression of NLRP3 and Caspase-1protein. RESULTS: The body mass of rats increased with increasing observation time( P < 0. 01). The scores of pulmonary fibrosis and the levels of IL-1β,IL-18 and TGF-β1 in lung tissue had statistical significance in the main effect of dust treatment( P < 0. 01),and the order from high to low was model group,inhibitor group and control group( P < 0. 01). At the time points of 7,14,28,and 56 days after model establishment,the score of pulmonary alveolitis and the relative expression of NLRP3 and Caspase-1 protein in lung tissues in the inhibitor group were lower than that of the model group( P < 0. 01),but higher than that of the control group( P < 0. 01). CONCLUSION: The NLRP3/IL-1β/TGF-β1 signaling pathway plays an important role in the development of silicosis pulmonary fibrosis. MCC950 can inhibit the development and progression of pulmonary fibrosis of silicosis by inhibiting the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome.

OBJECTIVETo study the mechanism that mediates the therapeutic effect of the bioactive fraction of Baqia (Smilax china) on chronic pelvic inflammatory disease (CPID).

METHODSSeventy rats were randomized into CPID model group, sham-operated group, normal control group, Jingangteng capsule group, and high-, medium-, and low-dose Baqia groups. Rat models of CPID were established by inducing chemical burns of the uterus and corresponding treatments were administered. After 14 days of treatment, the rat uterus was observed for swelling and inhibition rate, and the expressions of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-4 (IL-4) in the uterine tissues were determined using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.

RESULTSThe bioactive fraction of Baqia at the 3 doses obviously reduced the inflammatory cells in the endometrium, promoted epithelial cell proliferation, and ameliorated congestion and edema of the serosa. High and medium doses of Baqia bioactive fraction significantly decreased uterus swelling rate of the rats (P<0.01). All the 3 doses of the Baqia bioactive fraction obviously decreased uterine TNF-α content (P<0.01) and significantly increased uterine IL-4 expression level (P<0.05), and IL-4 up-regulation was especially obvious in high and medium dose groups (P<0.01).

CONCLUSIONBaqia bioactive fraction can ameliorate uterine swelling, lower uterine TNF-α and increase IL-4 expressions in rats with CPID, which may be a pharmacological mechanism underlying its therapeutic effect on CPID and cervical adhesion.

Animals ; Chronic Disease ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Interleukin-4 ; metabolism ; Pelvic Inflammatory Disease ; drug therapy ; metabolism ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Smilax ; chemistry ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ; metabolism ; Uterus ; drug effects ; metabolism