Asthma pathogenesis seems to be a result of a complex mixture of genetic and environmental influences.There is evidence showing that viral and some atypical bacterial play a role in promoting airway inflammation that could contribute to the onset and clinical course of asthma.However,the role of bacterial in asthma is not completely explained.This article is to explain the relationship between airway bacterial infections and asthma and assessed the mechanism of asthma induced by bacterial infection.

Objective To observe the dynamic changes of adrenomedulin(ADM) and calcitonin-gene-relat-ed peptide(CGRP) at different time before,during and after laparoscopic operation for treating CO2 pneumoperitone-urn. Methods 47 cases undergoing laparoscopic operation in our hospital were selected. Plasma ADM and CGRP levels were determined by RIA before anesthesia(T0),10 min before (T1) and 10 min (T2) ,30 min (T3),60 min (T4),and 30 min (TS) after CO2 pneumoperitoneum was treated. Results There was statistical significance in ADM and CGRP level at the different time points before and after CO2 pneumoperitoneum (F=9.686 and 49.804, P<0.01). There was no significance in ADM and CGRP level at TO and T1 (P>0.05);ADM level would decrease at T2 (P<0.05) but CGRP level decrease slowly with no remarkable change as compared with that before CO2 pneumoperitoneum(P>0.05). With time going on, ADM and CGRP level at T3 and T4 was remarkably lower than that at T1 (P<0.01);ADM and CGRP level at T5 would come to that at T1. Conclusions CO2 pneumoperitoneum during laparoscopic operation is the major factor causing decreased ADM and CGRP level;The decrease of ADM and CGRP level will influence the cardiac endocrine function,so CO2 pneumoperitoneum operation should be taken seri-ously when the patients have heart disease and cryptorrhea.

Angiosteosis is associated with increased vascular stiffness and leads to clinical manifestations such as high blood pressure and heart failure,which increases the risk of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality.Angiosteosis is considered to be ectopic deposits of calcium phosphate crystallization in the form of hydroxyapatite in cardiovascular tissue.However,the mechanism of angiosteosis is not yet clear.The pathophysiologic process of angiosteosis is similar to normal bone mineralization.Matrix vesicles (MV) play an important role in bone mineralization.Researches confirmed the existence of MV in the calcified arteries under the microscope.Angiosteosis is widely found in clinical diseases,so the studies of the mechanism of angiosteosis and the role of MV in angiosteosis are of great significance.

Acupuncture Points ; Acupuncture Therapy ; Adolescent ; Female ; Humans ; Tremor ; therapy

Objective:To explore the diagnostic value of dynamic electrocardiogram (DCG ) in syncope patients . Methods :A total of 148 inpatients and outpatients ,who were diagnosed as syncope in our hospital from 2010 to 2013 ,received 24h DCG examination .Results:Among the 148 patients ,there were 94 cases (63.5% ) with abnor‐mal DCG ,40 cases (27.0% ) occurred syncope during monitoring ,25 cases (16.9% ) occurred syncope‐related ar‐rhythmias ,another one case manifested as atrial fibrillation with rapid ventricular rate during monitoring but didn't appear syncope‐related symptoms such as dizziness and amaurosis etc .,15 patients (10.1% ) occurred syncope‐relat‐ed symptoms during monitoring ,but DCG examination didn't find arrhythmias .Conclusion:Dynamic electrocardio‐gram examination can find syncope‐related arrhythmias ,then they may receive related therapeutic measures for im‐proving prognosis .

Objective: To work out a screening checklist for childhood autism and explore its reliability and validity. Methods: Items were selected based on the knowledge of clinical manifestation and diagnostic criteria of childhood autism. The autism diagnostic interview-revised version was used to refine the draft. Three groups (childhood autism, mental retardation and normal control) were used to test the reliability and validity of the new screening tool. Results: The checklist had satisfying reliability including good inter-rater reliability, test-retest reliability, split half reliability and internal consistency. The differential validity of the checklist and the differential diagnostic validity of the items were good, so as the construct validity and the criterion validity. The cut-off point for screening and diagnosis were 21 and 24 respectively. Conclusion: The childhood autism checklist has good reliability and validity, and fit for the situation of Chinese children with the disorder.

Objective To explore the protection effects of the reduced form of nicotinamide-adenine denucleotid(NADH) on cardiac fibroblasts apoptosis induced by hydrazine in vitro.Methods Cardiac fibroblasts isolated from neonate rats were divided into four groups.In NADH pretreatment before hydrazine treatment group,the cardiac fibroblasts were cultured first in the medium containing 400?g/ml NADH for 2 hours,and then cultured in the medium containing 400?g/ml NADH plus 2mmol/L hydrazine for 72 hours;in hydrazine treatment group,the cardiac fibroblasts were cultured first in normal medium containing 400?g/ml NADH for 2 hours and then cultured in the medium containing 2mmol/L hydrazine for 72 hours;in control group,the cardiac fibroblasts were cultured only in normal medium for 72 hours;and in NADH pretreatment control group,the cardiac fibroblasts were cultured in medium containing 400?g/ml NADH for 72 hours.After the treatments mentioned above,the changes in nuclear of apoptotic cardiac fibroblasts as stained by Hoechst33258 were observed under fluorescence microscope,the apoptotic and necrosis rates of cardiac fibroblasts stained by AnnexinⅤ/PI were assayed by flow cytometry,the mitochondria membrane potential of cells stained by rhodamine123 was also assayed by flow cytometry.Results Hydrazine could induce apoptosis of the cardiac fibroblasts.After NADH pretreatment,the number of apoptotic cardiac fibroblasts with pyknosis of nuclear was lowered,the rates of apoptosis and necrosis decreased,and the mitochondria membrane potential of cells was elevated.Conclusion NADH pretreatment could reduce the apoptosis induced by hydrazine by improving the function of mitochondria.

Objective To investigate pulmonary capillary changes in patients with diabetes mellitus. Meth-otis Fifty-eight patients with diabetes mellitus were enrolled and forty-seven healthy subjects were taken as control. Diffusion capacity of carbonmonoxide (DLCO) and pulmonary ventilatory function were measured. DM and Vc were measured in twenty-one patients and twelve healthy subjects among them. Results FEV1/FVC was (81.02± 6.40) % in patients with diabetes mellitus and ( 81.20±6.96 ) % in controls, and FEV 1% was ( 102.03±14.40) in patients with diabetes mellitus and 103.94±11.42 in controls ,with no significant difference between patients with DLCO% was ( 72.79±19.85 ) % in patients with diabetes mellitus and ( 90.60±13.25 ) % in controls with a sig-patients whose course of disease was less than ten years,and DLCO% was (64.69±17.49)% in patients with dia-betes mellitus whose course of disease is equal or more than ten years and (80.90±18.98)% in patients whose course of disease is less than ten years,with significant difference between these two groups (t = 4.435, -3. 381, 13.88)% in patients with diabetes mellitas and (83.58±26.79)% in controls with a significant difference (t = 4. 612, P < 0.001 ). Vc was ( 61.40±52.84 ) ml in patients with diabetes mellitus and ( 66.99±19.63 ) ml in con-trols with no significant difference (P > 0.05 ), and Vc% was (78.05±64. 40)% in patients with diabetes mellitus and (79.33±23.32) % in controls, with no significant difference ( P > 0.05 ). Conclusions Diffusing capacity is decreased in patients with diabetes mellitus, which is related to the course of disease . DM decline is the main cause of DLCO decrease in patients with diabetes mellitus.

BACKGROUND:Mesenchymal stem cel s are multipotent progenitor cel s that can be isolated from the bone marrow, adipose tissue, umbilical cord blood and so on. Mesenchymal stem cel s possess strong immunosuppressive effects on both innate and adaptive immunity.
OBJECTIVE:To summarize the immunomodulatory properties of mesenchymal stem cel s for T lymphocytes, B lymphocytes, natural kil er cel s and dentritic cel s and prospect its therapeutic implication.
METHODS:PubMed and CNKI databases were searched for relevant literatures published from 2000 to 2015. The key words were“mesenchymal stem cel s, immunomodulator, T cel s, B cel s, NK cel s, dendriticc cel s”in Chinese and English, respectively. Then, 61 papers were included and further analyzed.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The immunomodulatory effects of MSCs on lymphocytes, B lymphocytes, natural kil er cel s and dentritic cel s were elicited by cel-cel contact and soluble cytokines. But mesenchymal stem cel s from different sources hold different immunomodulatory effect on immune cel s. When we use mesenchymal stem cel s in clinic, some important factors, such as isolation methods, cel sources, colonization sites, should be taken into account. In order to ensure the clinical safety and effectiveness, there are stil many problems to be further studied before mesenchymal stem cel s can be widely used in clinic.

Objective To explore the diagnosis and treatment of Dent’s disease.MethodsThe clinical characteristics, treatment process and disease-causing gene mutation were retrospectively analyzed in 6 pediatric patients with Dent’s disease misdiagnosed of nephritic syndrome from January 2014 to August 2015.ResultsIn these 6 male patients aged 4.5-9.8 years old, the main clinical manifestations were nephropathy-level of proteinuria and transient low serum albumin (26-30 g/L) without obvious edema or high serum cholesterol. In 4 patients who had renal biopsy, 2 cases showed mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis and other 2 cases showed focal segmental glomerulosclerosis. All of 6 patients were treated with at least one immunosuppressive agent after resistance to full dose of hormone and no changes in proteinuria were observed. After admission, the indexes of early renal damage and urinary protein electrophoresis pointed to low-molecular proteinuria. The ratio of alpha 1 micro albumin (α1-MG) / micro albumin (MA) (the early renal damage index) was?>?1, there was hypercalciuria, and renal function was normal. The B ultrasonography showed renal calciifcation in 2 patients. The ifndings in all the patients were in accord with the clinical diagnosis of Dent’s disease. Further genetic analysis conifrmed the presence ofCLCN5 gene mutation in these 6 patients.ConclusionAs a type of rare inherited renal tubular disorder, Dent’s disease is easily misdiagnosed, to which pediatricians need to pay attention. The early renal damage index, α1-MG/MA?>?1, can be regarded as one of the diagnostic criteria of renal tubular proteinuria.