Objective:To investigate involvement of the Ras/Erk signal pathway in activation of human ??T cells stimulated by Mycobacterium tuberculosis low molecular peptide antigen(Mtb-Ag).Methods:PBMC were isolated from peripheral blood of healthy subjects and simulated in vitro with Mtb-Ag,CD3mAb or PMA and inomysin(IM).CD69 expression of total T cells and ??T cells were measured by flow cytometry at different hours after stimulation, and the number of expanded ??T cells were counted after 10 days of culture. PD98059,a specific inhibitor for Erk pathway was used to treat PBMC for 30 min before stimulation.Results:The proportions of CD69 expressing cells in total T cells and ??T cells were same as 99% at 6 h after stimulation of PBMC with PMA +IM and similar about 55% at 24 h after stimulation with CD3 mAb,whereas those at 24 h stimulation of PBMC with Mtb-Ag were 75.2% and 16.0%,respectively.CD69 expression and proliferation of ??T cells activated by Mtb-Ag were markedly inhibited by pretreatment of PBMC with PD98059.Conclusion:Mtb-Ag is a specific stimulator for activation of ??T cells, and Ras/Erk signal transduction pathway involves in the activation of ??T cells.

Objective To investigate the expression and sensitivity of 6 muhidmg resistance gene products(MDR) : GST-π、LRP、MRP、Topo Ⅱ、P-gp、TS in gastric cancer during neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Methods Expression of the 6 muhidrug resistance gene was detected by immunohistoehemistry in 35 cases of stomach cancer tissues before and after neoadjuvant chemotherapy. The relationship between muhidrug resistance gene and neoadjuvant chemotherapy was analyzed. All patients were given FOLFOX4, and the effects were evaluated according to World Health Organization criteria. Results The overall response rates to chemotherapy was 46%, expression of the 6 mtdtidrug resistance gene in 35 cases of stomach cancer tissues were as follows:GST-π was 40% ,LRP was 69% ,MRP was 34% ,Topo Ⅱ was 37% ,P-gp was 86%, TS was 40%, expression of the 6 muhidrug resistance gene did not change during neoadjuvant chemotherapy; GST-π、LRP、MRP、Topo Ⅱ、P-gp were not correlated with chemotherapy sensitivity(P > 0.05), while TS was significantly correlated with chemotherapy sensitivity (P = 0.0048). Conclusion FOLFOX4 does not effect a change in the expression of the 6 muhidrug resistance gene: GST-π、LRP、MRP、Topo Ⅱ、P-gp and TS, while TS is significantly correlated with gastric cancer chemotherapy sensitivity.

Mortality of patients with malignant middle cerebral artery infarction (mMCAI) is as high as 41％ to 78％ with the conservative treatment in the intensive care unit.Malignant edema caused tentorial herniation is the most common cause of resulting in the death of patients.Some evidence supports the hemicraniectomy for the treatment of patients with mMCAI.The patients must receive supportive and adjuvant therapies before surgical decision making.Therefore,the prediction and intensive care of mMCAI have a very important significance.This article reviews the predictive factors and intensive care of mMCAI.

Objective To analyze the overseas imported malaria situation of Shijiazhuang City from 2012 to 2015,so as to provide the evidence for exploring the prevention and control strategy. Methods The data of overseas imported malaria were collected and analyzed with the descriptive method including Plasmodium species,population characteristics,epidemic focus distribution,onset time,diagnosis and treatment in Shijiazhuang City from 2012 to 2015,and the time from the onset to first medical visit,time from first medical visit to being diagnosed,and time from onset to being diagnosed of different Plasmodium species were analyzed respectively with the statistical analysis method. Results A total of 92 overseas imported malaria cases were reported in Shijiazhuang City from 2012 to 2015,including 88 cases from African countries(falciparum malaria taking 53.41％),and 4 cases from Southeast Asian and other countries(vivax malaria taking 50％). Eighty-nine cases were distributed in 28 counties(districts)of 6 cities in Hebei Province,except 2 persons with foreign nationalities and 1 with Anhui Province cen-sus register. The male and young adults were dominant. The median time from the onset to seeing a doctor was one day and the median time from seeing a doctor to being diagnosed was five days. Most cases were reported by the Fifth Hospital of Shijia-zhuang which was the sentinel hospital. Totally 42.39％of the cases were misdiagnosed when the first visit to a doctor. All of the cases were laboratory confirmed and 100％of them received the standard treatment after diagnosis. Conclusions The overseas imported malaria cases are increasing rapidly with years and the malignant malaria cases were more than other malaria cases in Shijiazhuang City. It is necessary to further strengthen the long-term cooperation mechanism between the medical institutions and the entry-exit inspection and quarantine department. The technician training should be strengthened to avoid the severe cas-es and death cases.

BACKGROUND:Percutaneous vertebroplasty for vertebral fractures can effectively relieve acute pain and has the advantages of smal trauma, good curative effect and less complications, but for patients with osteoporotic compression fractures, there were varying degrees of osteoporosis after surgery, which have a longer course of disease and cannot be easy to cure. So the effectiveness of percutaneous vertebroplasty cannot be ful y evaluated based on the pain relief. OBJECTIVE:To study the curative effect of percutaneous vertebroplasty for patients with fresh osteoporotic thoracolumbar vertebral compression fractures. METHODS:We selected 24 patients undergoing percutaneous vertebroplasty and 24 patients receiving conservative treatment at the same time who had fresh osteoporotic compression fractures as research objects;and compared pain degree, vertebral body height and the kyphosis Cobb angle, function activity of the lower lumbar before and after treatment, the quality of life and clinical incidence of complications within 6 months after treatment in the two groups. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The degree of pain, the vertebral body height, kyphosis Cobb angle, function activity of the lower lumbar were al improved in the two groups after treatment (P<0.05), and these indexes in the percutaneous vertebroplasty group were better than those in the conservative treatment group (P<0.05). The quality of life and incidence of complications within 6 months after treatment were improved better in the percutaneous vertebroplasty group than the conservative treatment group (both P<0.05). These results suggest that the percutaneous vertebroplasty for fresh osteoporotic thoracolumbar vertebral compression fractures can effectively reduce the pain of patients, improve vertebral deformity and activities of the lower lumbar, and has obvious role in promoting the postoperative quality of life of patients.

Objective:[WT5BZ]The effect of different contents of zinc in feed on learning and memory function and brain somatostatin,zinc and calcium concentrations in rats were studied. [WT5HZ]Methods:[WT5BZ]The feeds contained 20, 50, 100, 200, 400, 800 mg/kg zinc respectively.The learning and memory function of animals were determined by radioimmunoassay.Their zinc and calcium contents were determined by atomic absorption spectrophotometry. [WT5HZ]Results:[WT5BZ]Feeds containing 100 and 200 mg/kg zinc were adequate for learning and memory function of rats,whereas other feeds resulted in poor learning and memory function,and depression in somatostatin concentration in hypothalamus,hippocampus and cerebrum cortex.Additionally,feeds containing lower than 100 mg/kg zinc decreased zinc concentrations in blood,hippocampus,cerebrum cortex and hypothalamus,and calcium concentration in cerebrum cortex. [WT5HZ]Conclusion:[WT5BZ]These results suggest that 100 200 mg/kg zinc in feed is adequate for maintaining learning and memory function in rats.

Objective: Three experiments were used to evaluate the effects of zinc deficiency on growth, learning and memory ability of rats. [WT5FZ]Methods: In experiment Ⅰ and experiment Ⅱ, the experimental rats were divided into three groups, which were zinc deficiency group (ZD), pair fed group (PF), and zinc deficiency and supplementation group (ZS). Their durations were 35 days and 28 days respectively. In experiment Ⅲ, the experimental rats were divided into ZD, PF and ad libitum (AL) group. Results: Zinc deficiency significantly decreased the growth and learning ability of rats, whereas zinc supplementation reversed the above status. Conclusion: The results suggest that zinc not only influence growth, but also the advanced function like learning and memory ability of brain.

Objective To explore the 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase( MTHFR) and 5-methyltet-rahydrofolate-homocysteine methyltransferase reductase( MTRR) gene polymorphisms among the Han women in Laiwu City.Methods A total of 559 Han women were recruited.And their oral epithelial cells were collected to extract genome DNA in order to detect gene polymorphisms of MTHFR and MTRR using fluorescence quantitative PCR.Then the results were compared with those in other cities in China.Results The frequency of MTHFR 677CC,677CT and 677TT of Han women in Laiwu city was 14.3%,46.7%and 38.1%,respectively.The frequency of MTHFR 677TT among Laiwu women was significantly different to those of Zhenjiang, Wuhan, Kunming, Deyang, Huizhou, Qionghai (P<0.05).The frequency of AA,AC,CC gene type on MTHFR A1298C was 78.2%,19.7% and 2.1%,respec-tively, the frequency was significantly different to those of Zhenjiang, Wuhan, Kunming, Deyang, Huizhou, Qionghai (P<0.05).The frequency of AA,AG,GG gene type on MTRR A66G was 53.3%,38.8%and 7.9%,respectively. The frequency of MTRR 66GG was significantly different to that of Qionghai(P<0.05).Conclusion The MTHFR, MTRR polymorphism distribution of Han women in Laiwu City has the characteristic of region specificity,respectively.

Objective: To investigate the mechanisms of anti-tumor cytotoxicity of human ??T cells activated by Mycobacterium tuberculosis antigen (Mtb-Ag) . Methods: The peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) of healthy donors were stimulated by Mtb-Ag in vitro to activate preferentially ??T cells that were expanded in IL-2 contained medium.The high purified ??T cells were isolated by the positive selection on MACS separator. The expression of mRNA of perforin, granzyme B and Fas Ligand in purified ??T cells were measured by RT-PCR technique. Fas Ligand on ??T cells and Fas molecule on tumor cells were detected by flow cytometry. The MTT assay was used to measureanti-tumor cytotoxicity of ??T cells. The inhibitory effects of concanamycin A (CMA) for perforin/granzyme pathway, and brefeldin A (BFA) for Fas/Fas ligand pathway on cytotoxicity of ??T cells were observed. Results: The mRNA of perforin and granzyme B and Fas ligand were highly expressed in purified ??T cells. The cytotoxicity of ??T cells against K562 and PG that expressed low level of Fas molecule (6.5% and 7.8%) was remarkably inhibited by pretreatment of the ??T cells with CMA (200 nmol/L) by 72% and 76%, respectively, while the BFA(30 ?mol/L) showed less inhibitory effects by 32% and 25%, respectively; However, it was showed that the BFA (30 ?mol/L) preferentially inhibited the cytotoxicity of ??T cells against tumor cell lines Raji and A375 that expressed high level of Fas molecule on cell surface (98.5% and 70.6%, respectively).Conclusion: Preferentially, granule exocytosis was a main mechanism by which the Mtb-Ag activated ??T cells showed cytotoxicity aganist tumor cells that expressed low level of Fas molecule, whereas both Fas/Fas ligand pathway and granule exocytosis were involved in the cytotoxicicty of Mtb-Ag activated ??T cells against the tumor cells that expressed high level of Fas molecule.

ObjectiveTo investigate the risk factors for acute renal injury (AKI) in patients with ischemic stroke.MethodsPatients with ischemic stroke were enrolled retrospectively.The general clinical data, vascular risk factors, drug use, stroke etiological typing, stroke severity, and baseline biochemical indices were collected.They were divided into either an AKI group or a control group according to whether AKI occurred or not.Multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the independent risk factors for occurring AKI in patients with ischemic stroke.ResultsA total of 214 patients with ischemic stroke were enrolled, including 32 (14.95%) had AKI and 182 (85.05%) did not have AKI.The proportions of patients in heart failure (62.50% vs.41.21%;χ2=4.998, P=0.025), mannitol use (87.50% vs.43.96%;χ2=20.643, P<0.001), furosemide use (87.50% vs.43.96%;χ2=20.643, P<0.001), contrast agent use (37.50% vs.19.23%;χ2=5.300, P=0.021), and contrast dosage >200 ml (28.13% vs.9.89%;χ2=6.637, P=0.010), as well as NIHSS score (18.0±4.5)vs.8.0±3.2;t=15.249, P<0.001), diastolic blood pressure (89.98±9.1 mmHg vs.80.56±8.19 mmHg, 1 mmHg=0.133 kPa;t=5.898, P<0.001), fasting blood-glucose (10.54±4.31 mmol/L vs.6.32±1.32 mmol/L;t=5.898, P<0.001), blood urea nitrogen level (11.21±2.13 mmol/L vs.7.98±2.34 mmol/L;t=7.293, P<0.001), and arterial lactate concentration (3.98±0.12 mmol/L vs.0.91±0.25 mmol/L;t=68.003, P<0.001) in the AKI group were significantly higher than those in the non-AKI group.Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that after adjusting various confounding factors, higher NIHSS score (odds ratio [OR] 1.910,95% confidence interval[CI] 1.517-6.012;P=0.024), higher diastolic pressure (OR 1.816, 95% CI 1.652-3.876;P=0.018), arterial lactate concentration (OR 1.553, 95% CI 1.256-1.763;P=0.019), mannitol use (OR 3.765, 95% CI 2.081-9.658;P=0.017), furosemide use (OR 5.329, 95% CI 3.085-8.763 P=0.010), contrast agent use (OR 2.097, 95% CI 1.364-2.456;P=0.031), and contrast dosage >200 ml (OR 3.294, 95% CI 1.464-2.786;P=0.021) were the independent risk factors for AKI in patients with acute ischemic stroke.ConclusionsThe NIHSS score, diastolic blood pressure, arterial lactate concentration,mannitol use, furosemide use, contrast agent use and contrast dosage >200 ml were associated with AKI in patients with ischemic stroke.