ObjectiveTo analyse the changes of electrolytes and electrolyte disturbances within 72 h in asphyxia neonates. MethodsTwenty-three severe-asphyxia neonates (asphyxia group) and 27 mildasphyxia neonates(control group) were selected.Venous blood samples of 2 ml were drawn at 0-24 h, 25-48h and 49-72 h respectively. The changes of electrolytes(such as plasma sodium, potassium, chlorine,calcium and magnesium) and the incidence of hyponatremia,hypokalemia,hypocalcaemia and hypomagnesemia were compared between two groups. ResultsThe levels of plasma sodium, calcium at 0-24 h, 25-48 h and 49-72 h in asphyxia group were lower than those in control group (P ＜ 0.05). The levels of plasma magnesium at 25-48 h and 49-72 h in asphyxia group were lower than those in control group (P ＜ 0.05 ), but there was no significant difference at 0-24 h (P ＞ 0.05 ). The levels of plasma potassium at 49-72 h in asphyxia group was lower than that in control group(P＜ 0.05). There were no obvious changes in plasma chlorine, phosphorus in two groups (P＞0.05). Hyponatremia, hypokalemia, hypocalcaemia was happened within 72 h in asphyxia neonates especially at 25-48 h, but hypomagnesemia was more at 25-48 h and 49-72 h. ConclusionElectrolyte disturbances can appear not only in 24 h, but also in different periods after asphyxia, therefore, it is necessary to maintain homeostasis by taking corresponding measures according to the changes of blood gas and the changes of electrolytes.

In order to ef fectively control the quality ofSophora lfos carbonisatus (flower and flower buds), this study established quality control methods and standard of the decoction pieces. Referring to the related methods in appendix of Chinese Pharmacopoeia (2010 Edition), the moisture, total ash, acid insoluble ash, alcohol extracts ofSophora lfos carbonisatus were measured, respectively, with rutin, quercetin as control substance. The eluents for rutin and quercetin are ethyl acetate - formic acid - water (8: 1:1) and chloroform - methanol - water (6.5:1:1), respectively and all TLC plates were observed at 365 nm. Total flavonoids are measured by visible - UV - spectrophotometric, and rutin and quercetin were determined by HPLC. The chromatographic conditions for rutin are: Kromasil C18 as the stationary phase, methanol -1% acetic acid (32:68) as mobile phase, flow rate: 0.8 mL·min-1, detection wavelength 257 nm,the column temperature 35℃; for quercetin: Kromasil C18 as the stationary phase, methanol -0.4% acetic acid (44:56) as the mobile phase, flow rate: 0.8 mL·min-1, detection wavelength 257 nm, the column temperature 40℃.The contents of moisture, total ash, acid insoluble ash, should not exceed 6%, 16%, 8.0% in flower and not exceed 6.0%,9.0%, 1.5% in buds, respectively. Under the conditions of TLC, in flower and flower buds, 2 reference substances can be separated well with others. Extract, total flavonoids, rutin, quercetin were no lower than 40.0%, 5.0%, 2.5%,0. 2% in flower and no lower than 45.0%, 10.0%, 5.0%, 0.9% in buds, respectively. The established standards can improve the levels of quality control, provide experimental data for safety and efficacy of clinical application of Sophora flos carbonisatus, and also offer supporting data for the Chinese Pharmacopoeia 2015 Edition.

Aim To investigate the effects of ginsenoside(GS) on phosphorylation of tau protein,microtubule,cellular apoptosis and its related factors in cellular model of Alzheimer disease(AD) induced by the protein phosphatase 1 and 2A inhibitor okadaic acid(OA).Methods The human neuroblastoma cell line SK-N-SH cells were cultured with GS for 24 h,the culture medium was changed,and then incubated with OA 10 nmol?L-1 for 6 h.The changes of cell morphology were observed by inverted microscope.The laser confocal microscopy was used to observe the microtubule changes.Western blot was applied to determine the expression of phosphorylation of tau protein,and apoptosis-regulating factors Bcl-2,Bax and Caspase-3.The changes of apoptotic cells were observed by TUNEL method.Results The normal SK-N-SH cells spread well.OA-treated cells showed that the cell axons and the microtubules were broken and decreased under the inverted microscope and laser confocal microscope.Preincubation of GS demonstrated the significantly protective effects against the morphologic damage induced by OA.In OA-treated group,the phosphorylation of tau protein at Ser-199/202 and Ser-404 sites was higher than that in normal group,and the non-phosphorylation of tau protein at the same sites was lower;Incubation of GS at the dose of 50 mg?L-1 and 100 mg?L-1 with the cells decreased the phosphorylation of tau protein Ser-199/202 and Ser-404 sites.GS group at the dose of 50 mg?L-1 and 100 mg?L-1 decreased the expression of at non-phosphorylation of tau protein at the Ser202 site.The apoptotic cells were not found in normal group.The number of apoptotic cells were obviously increased.the expression of Bax and caspase-3 significantly enhanced,and Bcl-2 expression decreased in the OA-treated model group.GS significantly decreased the apoptotic cell number of nerve cells,inhibited the expression of Bax and caspase-3.Conclusion GS can protect the nerve cells from pathological change induced by OA.Maybe because it can inhibit the hyperphosphorylation of tau protein and protect the nerve cells from apoptosis,thus GS may have potential to treat Alzheimer disease.

OBJECTIVE:To investigate the effects and the mechanisms of cornel iridoid glycoside(CIG)on antiapoptosis in cellular model of alzheimer disease(AD)induced by the protein phosphatase inhibitor okadaic acid(OA).METHODS:The human neuroblastoma cell line SK-N-SH cells were preincubated with CIG for 24 h,and then incubated with OA 10 nmol for 6 h.The changes of apoptotic cells were observed by TUNEL method.Western blotting was used to determine the expression of apoptosis-regulating factors Bcl-2,Bcl-2 related X protein(Bax)and Caspase-3.RESULTS:The normal SK-N-SH cells spread well and no apoptotic cells appeared.In OA-treated model group,the number of apoptotic cells increased significantly,the expressions of Bax and Caspase-3 increased significantly,but Bcl-2 expression decreased significantly.In CIG(100 and 200 ?g?mL-1)-treated group,the number of apoptotic cells decreased significantly as compared with OA-treated model group,and the expressions of Bax and Caspase-3 decreased significantly whereas Bcl-2 expression increased significantly.CONCLUSION:CIG can inhibit the apoptosis of nerve cells through affecting apoptosis-regulating factors,suggesting its potential as a therapy for AD.

Objective:To investigate the effect of HLA-DRB1*07,13 allelic genes on the immune response to hepatitis B vaccination.Methods:896 healthy college students of Han nationality from Guangxi province,who had received standard courses of vaccination with recombinant hepatitis B virus vaccine,were tested the level of anti-HBs with ELISA method at the sixth month after their last vaccination.The non- or hypo-responders were selected to receive another 20 μg doses of recombinant vaccine and were examined anti-HBs once more four weeks later.99 non- or hypo-responders and 136 medium or hyper-responders were selected for the study subjects.HLA-DRB1*07,13 allelic genes of the subjects were detected by polymerase chain reaction using sequence specific primer (PCR-SSP) method.Results:The frequencies of HLA-DRB1*07 gene in the non- or hypo-responders group were significantly higher than that in the medium or hyper-responder group (16.16% vs 4.41%,P＜0.05). No significant difference of HLA-DRB1*13 gene between the two groups (1.01% vs 3.68%,P=0.389).Conclusion:There is a close relationship between the expression of HLA-DRB1*07 gene and the non- or hypo-response to HB vaccine;No relationship between HLA-DRB1*13 gene expression and the response to HB vaccine is found.

AIM:To investigate the expression of extracellular matrix metalloproteinase inducer(EMMPRIN)and hepatocyte growth factor(HGF)in non-small-cell lung carcinoma(NSCLC)and their relationship with lymphoid metastasis and prognosis.METHODS:Expression of EMMPRIN and HGF in 77 cases of patients with NSCLC was detected immunohistochemically.The relationship of expression of EMMPRIN and HGF with tumor size,smoking,histological type,differentiation,lymphoid metastasis,clinical stage,and prognosis was analyzed.RESULTS:The expressive rates of EMMPRIN and HGF were 68% and 44%,respectively.The expressions of EMMPRIN and HGF were associated positively with lymphoid metastasis(r=0.371 and 0.339,P0.05).The expression of EMMPRIN was associated with the expression of HGF in NSCLC.CONCLUSION:The expression of EMMPRIN and HGF is associated with lymphoid metastasis and prognosis in NSCLC.Overexpression of EMMPRIN and HGF implies infavourable prognosis in NSCLC.

ObjectiveTo elucidate the association of immune response to hepatitis B vaccination with HLA-DRB1 * 12 allele as well as the level of IL-4 and IFN-γ.MethodsSeventy-four healthy college students from Guangxi province who had non- or hypor -response to recombinant hepatitis B vaccination and 64 medium- or hyper-responders with the conditions of similar were selected randomly and involved in this study.HLA-DRB1 * 12 was detected by PCR-SSP,the level of IFN-γ and IL-4 cytokines were examined by ELISA.Results(1)The allelic frequencies of HLA-DRB1 * 12 was lower in the non- or hypor-responders than that in the medium- or hyper-responders ( 10.8％ vs 32.8％,P=0.002) ; (2)The expression level of IFN-γ in the non- or hypor-responders ( 7.21±7.92 ) ng/ml was much less than that of the medium- or hyper- responders ( 16.36± 11.00) ng/ml ( P=0.000).(3) The expression level of IL-4 in the non- or hyporresponders (3.18±4.45) ng/ml was much less than that of the medium- or hyper- responders (7.76±5.71 ) ng/ml(P=0.000).(4)No significant differences was seen between the expression level of IFN-γ in the HLA-DRB1 * 12 positive ( 13.18± 11.24) ng/ml and the negative ( 11.00± 10.29 ) ng/ml ( P =0.349 ).(5)No significant differences was seen between the expression level of IL-4 in the HLA-DRB1 * 12 positive (5.947±4.530) ng/ml and the negative (5.132±5.800) ng/ml (P=0.423).ConclusionHLA-DRB1 * 12 might be the allele enhanced immune response to hepatitis B vaccination.The expression levels of IFN-γand IL-4 correlating to Thl/Th2 cells might affect on the immune response to hepatitis B vaccination.

Objective To compare the glomerular filtration rate (GFR) measured by Gates method based on renal dynamic imaging before and after ultrasonic depth correction in patients with different degrees of hydronephrosis.Methods Renal dynamic images of 113 patients (65 males,48 females;average age:(45.7± 10.3) years) with hydronephrosis from October 2015 to October 2016 were retrospectively analyzed.The GFR was also determined with cystatinC (CysC) method within 1 week.According to the degree of hydronephrosis,patients were divided into mild,moderate,severe hydronephrosis groups.The GFR (total GFR,GFR of the impaired kidney,GFR of the normal kidney) was determined by Gates method,and was measured again after the kidney depth being corrected by ultrasound.One-way analysis of variance analysis,the least significant difference t test,and paired t test were used.Results In severe hydronephrosis group (n=55),GFRs (ml · min-1 · 1.73 m-2) of the impaired kidney before and after the depth correction were significant different (14.9±6.2 vs 9.6±5.8;t=4.63,P＜0.05),and total GFR (ml · main-1 · 1.73 m-2) before depth correction and GFR (ml · min-1 · 1.73 m-2) determined by CysC method were also significantly different (32.1 ± 12.2 vs 26.2±10.2;F=1.58,t=2.75,P＜0.05).There was no significant difference between GFR before and after depth correction,between total GFR and GFR measured by CysC method in mild (n =43) and moderate hydronephrosis groups (n =15),and between total GFR after being corrected and GFR measured by CysC method in severe group (F values:1.72-2.39,t values:0.31-0.91,all P＞0.05).Conclusion Ultrasonic depth correction may have greater clinical significance in GFR measurement by renal dynamic imaging for patients with severe hydronephrosis.

It's important that the university teachers apply proper linguistic strategies in the Traditional Chinese medicine courses for foreign students,which can reduce the non-native language ability limitation to teaching effect to a certain extent,which can let students better understand and grasp the contents.This paper summarize the influence of linguistic strategies on teaching effect,such as signposting,signalling importance,back channeling,repetition,questioning,commenting,which is the important foundation and powerful guarantee of ideal teaching effects of EMI.

Objective To investigate the clinical value of serum lipoprotein associated phospholipase A 2 (Lp-PLA2)as a biomarker for benign prostatic hyperplasia(BPH).Methods A total of 65 serum samples of BPH patients were selected as BPH group,64 serum samples of healthy male as control group.The serum lev-el of Lp-PLA2,total prostate specific antigen(tPSA)and free prostate specific antigen(fPSA)in both groups were detected,and the specificity and sensitivity of Lp-PLA2,F/T ratio and combine both were analyzed by ROC curve.Results The serum level of Lp-PLA2,tPSA and fPSA in BPH group were significantly higher than those in control group,the different were significant(P<0.05).ROC curve analyze shown that the area under the curve(AUC)of Lp-PLA2 was 0.763,95% confidence interval(CI)was 0.680-0.833;AUC of F/T ratio was 0.715,95% CI 0.633 -0.795;AUC of Lp-PLA2 combined with F/T ratio was 0.832,95% CI 0.756-0.892.Conclusion The serum level of Lp-PLA2 could be used as a potential diagnostic marker for BPH,and the diagnostic value of Lp-PLA2 combined with F/T ratio was better than ther single indicator. Key words:benign prostatic hyperplasia; lipoprotein associated phospholipase A 2; total prostate spe-cific antigen; free prostate specific antigen; F/T ratio