1.Influence of the δ-opioid receptor DADLE on serum protein S-100B after global cerebral ischemia and reperfusion in rats
Jieyun HAN ; Zijing LIANG ; Yanqi FAN
Chinese Journal of Emergency Medicine 2008;17(6):618-621
Objective To observe the influence of δ-opioid reperfusion in rats with change in serum protein S-100B level and to explore the neuroprotective effect of DADLE during cerebral resuscitation. Method The model of global cerebral ischemia and reperfusion was induced by bilateral common carol id artery occlusion combined with hypotension. Fifty SD rats were randomly divided into five groups: sham operation group, model group, DADLE pretreated group, DADI.E treated postischemia group, DADLE treatment during reperfusion group ( n = 10 for each group) .In sham operation group,the rats were operated without ischemia and treatment; in model group, rats had global cerebral ischemia and reperfusion model up without any treament; in DADLE pretreated group, rats received DADlE before ischemia; in DADLE treatment postischemia group,rats had DADLE immediately after ischemia; in DADLE treatment during reperfusion group,rats got DADLE during early reperfusion. After the establishment of model, serum protein S-JOOB was measured by using ELlSA.One-way analysis of variance and SNK test were used for comparison between groups. Results The serum protein S-100B level was (475.56±1.93) pg/ml in sham operational group and that was much lower than that in model group and DADLE treatment groups. While the levels of serum protein S-100B in all DADLE treatment groups were reduced significantly in comparison with model group. There were no differences in the levels of serum protein KS-100B between DADLE treatment groups. Conclusions The δ-opioid receptor DADLE exerts neuroprotective effects on global cerebral ischemia and reperfusion in rats.
2.Systematic Review of Acid-suppressive Drugs Used for the Prophylaxis of Stress Ulcer Bleeding in Postoperative Patients
Xiaoxuan XING ; Xiangrong BAI ; Huayu LIANG ; Yanqi CHU ; Suying YAN
China Pharmacist 2017;20(4):687-691,716
Objective:To systematically review the efficacy and safety of acid-suppressive therapy including proton pump inhibitors (PPI) and histamine 2 receptor antagonists (H2RA) and compare with those of placebo or blank control in the postoperative patients with stress ulcer bleeding (SUB) to provide evidence-based reference for clinical practice.Methods:The Cochrane library,Medline,Embase,CBM,CNKI,VIP,Wan Fang Data,clinicaltrials.gov,ISRCTN Register and WHO ICTRP were searched.Only randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of acid-suppressive therapy compared with placebo or blank control for postoperative stress ulcer bleeding were selected with bleeding rate,mortality,adverse drug reactions,gastric juice pH and length of stay as the indices.After the quality evaluation and data extraction,Meta-analysis was performed by using Stata12.0 statistics software.The results were expressed as relative risk(RR) and its corresponding 95% confidence interval(CI).Funnel plot and Eggers test were used to determine the publication bias;and then Grade approach was applied to assess the confidence in the evidence for each outcome.Results:Totally 15 trials enrolling 971 patients were selected,and acid-suppressive therapy was more effective than placebo or blank control in reducing the risk of stress ulcer bleeding,overt upper gastrointestinal bleeding and clinical important bleeding(RR 0.29,95% CI:0.19-0.45;RR 0.25,95%CI:0.10-0.64;RR 0.36,95%CI:0.17-0.77)(moderate),however,there was no statistical significance in the incidence of occult bleeding,mortality and adverse drug reactions (RR 0.79,95%CI:0.41-1.50;RR 0.49,95%CI:0.17-1.38;RR 0.78,95%CI:0.33-1.85,very low confidence).The subgroup analysis of drug classification,operation types and administration juncture showed that the incidence of SUB using PPI (RR=0.27) was lower than that using H2RA (RR=0.33);that of heart surgery (RR=0.20) was lower than that of general surgery (RR=0.31) and neurosurgery(RR=0.37);that of postoperative administration (RR=0.26) was lower than that of preoperative administration (RR=0.23).Conclusion:Acid-suppressive drugs seem to be more effective than placebo or blank control in reducing the risk of bleeding without significant increase of the risk of mortality or adverse drug reactions.The robustness of the conclusion is limited because of the low quality of the trial methodology,incomplete outcome indicators and lack of safety indices for pneumonia and clostridium diffcile-associated infection.Trials with high-quality and larger sample size are still needed to verify its clinical effects.
3.Meta-analysis of PBL teaching effect of basic medical courses in undergraduate medical edu-cation
Xiujuan JIANG ; Yanqi ZHANG ; Liang ZHOU ; Xiaoyu LIU ; Dong YI
Chinese Journal of Medical Education Research 2014;(6):542-549
Objective This study seeks to use a meta-analytical approach to quantitatively assess the results of applying the problem-based learning(PBL) teaching model and the traditional lecture-based learning(LBL)teaching model to basic medical courses in undergraduate medical edu-cation. Methods The CNKI and VIP databases were electronically searched to retrieve randomised controlled trial studies that examined the use of PBL methods for basic medical courses in under-graduate medical education. In these studies PBL teaching model was used in experiment group and LBL teaching model was used in control group. Pass rate or test scores was used to evaluate the effect of learning. The retrieved documents ranged from the time that each database was first constructed to December 2012. After two researchers performed literature screening independently, data extraction, and quality assessment procedures in strict accordance with the inclusion and exclusion criteria of this study, the Stata 11.0 software package was utilized to conduct the meta-analysis. Results This meta-analysis examined 28 studies that included a total of 3703 subjects. The modified Jadad scores of 20 studies(71.4%) were less than 4, and those of 8 studies(28.6%) were more than or equal to 4. The meta-analysis revealed that compared with the traditional teaching model, the PBL teaching model did not produce improved examination passing rates for a course [relative risk(RR):1.05, 95%confidence interval(CI):(0.99, 1.10), P=0.098] but could improve examination scores for a course [standardized mean difference (SMD): 0.73, 95% CI: (0.51, 0.96), P<0.001]. Conclusion For basic medical courses in undergraduate medical education, compared to LBL teaching, PBL teaching can improve students' test scores but cannot improve students' pass rate. PBL used in basic medical courses has di-versified forms and lacks unified criterion, so there is still a long way to go for the appli-cation of PBL.
4.Effect of image registration on free breathing MR diffusion kurtosis imaging in normal human kidney
Yanqi HUANG ; Zelan MA ; Lan HE ; Cuishan LIANG ; Changhong LIANG ; Zaiyi LIU
Chinese Journal of Radiology 2016;50(3):170-175
Objective To investigate the effect of image registration on quantitative measurements of free breathing diffusion kurtosis imaging (DKI) in normal human kidney. Methods Twenty healthy volunteers were prospectively enrolled to undergo DKI imaging with a 3.0 T MR scanner. Three b values (0, 500, and 1 000 s/mm2) were adopted,with image registration performed after image acquisition. Acquired images were fitted using the DKI fitting model to generate the DKI metric maps,which were performed on both the pre-registration images and post-registration images. Image quality of the derived metric maps (before and after image registration,respectively) was assessed by two radiologists. Measurements of fractional anisotropy (FA), mean diffusivity (MD), radial diffusivity (D|), axial diffusivity (D⊥), mean kurtosis (MK), radial kurtosis (K|) and axial kurtosis (K⊥) were conducted. The inter-observer reproducibility of the image quality assessment was analyzed using intra-class correlation coefficient(ICC). Wilcoxon signed-rank test was used to evaluate the difference in the subjective scores of the metric maps between those obtained before registration and those after registration. While paired t test or Wilcoxon signed-rank test was performed to analyze the difference in the quantitative measurements of DKI metrics of the renal cortex and medulla between those obtained before registration and those after registration.Results For the inter-observer reproducibility, satisfactory ICCs were obtained for the quantitative metric measurements (pre-registration:0.784 to 0.821;post-registration:0.836 to 0.934). Significant difference was notice between subjective scores for the quality of metric maps (P<0.05 for each comparison). In both the renal cortex and medulla, significant difference was noticed between each metric value obtained with pre-registration images and that with post-registration images (P<0.05 for each comparison). Conclusion Image registration can not only offer higher quality DKI metric maps,but also has effect on the quantitative measurements of obtained metric maps.
5.Reliability and validity of the Chinese-version of the assessment of illness behavior in medical college students
Dongfang WANG ; Rui LI ; Huiqin LIU ; Yanqi LIANG ; Yunlong DENG
Chinese Journal of Behavioral Medicine and Brain Science 2018;27(5):466-469
Objective To evaluate the reliability and validity of the Chinese-version of the scale for the assessment of illness behavior(SAIB) in Chinese medical college students. Methods In view of the professional and cultural basis of the translation of SAIB,723 medical students were asked to complete the SAIB and the Illness Attitude Scale. After two weeks,75 students were followed to complete the SAIB. Re-sults After the analysis of the scale project analysis and the exploratory factor analysis,23 entries were re-tained and five common factors were extracted( verification of diagnosis,expression of symptoms,medication/treatment,consequences of illness,somatic symptom scanning),and accounted for 56.14% of the total vari-ance.The confirmatory factor analysis identified a five factors model(SRMR=0.057,χ2/df=1.80,SRMR=0.06,RMSEA=0.05,GFI=0.912,CFI=0.93,TLI=0.91,IFI=0.93,PGFI=0.72,AGFI=0.89).The correla-tion validity between SAIB scale total score and treatment experience and symptoms affected in IAS scale were -0.31,-0.36 (P<0.01).Reliability coefficients of the five dimensions and total score ranged from 0.61 to 0.88,and the test-retest reliability was 0.78. Conclusion The Chinese version of the scale for the assess-ment of illness behavior is a reliable and valid instrument in Chinese.
6.Reliability and validity of the Chinese version of philadelphia mindfulness scale in college students
Yanqi LIANG ; Huiqin LIU ; Honggui ZHOU ; Dongfang WANG ; Yunlong DENG
Chinese Journal of Behavioral Medicine and Brain Science 2018;27(9):843-847
Objective To explore the reliability and validity of the preliminary revision of the Philadelphia Mindfulness Scale (PHLMS) in Chinese undergraduates.Methods Considering the differences in the cultural and linguistic,the PHLMS was translated and used to conduct a questionnaire survey among 1 221 undergraduates.All participants were also surveyed with five facets mindfulness questionnaire (FFMQ),the white bear suppression inventory (WBSI) and acceptance and action questionnaire-2rd edition (AAQ-Ⅱ) as conduct reliability and validity test.Results The exploratory factor analysis showed that PHLMS could extract two factors,and the cumulative variance contribution rate was 40.355%.The confirmatory factor analysis indicated good fit (x2/df=2.781,CFI =0.945,NFI =0.884,IFI =0.922,TLI =0.906,CFI =0.922,RMSEA =0.053).The internal consistency reliability of the awareness subscales was 0.785,and the internal consistency reliability of the acceptance subscales was 0.772.The correlation coefficients among the PHLMS and FFMQ was significant(r=0.398,P<0.01).The acceptance subscales were significantly negatively correlated with WBSI and AAQ-Ⅱ(r=-0.458,-0.288,P<0.01).Conclusion The validity and reliability of the Chinese version of PHLMS meet the measurement criterion.
7.Reliability and validity of Chinese revision of rumination on sadness scale in undergraduates
Huiqin LIU ; Xilin WU ; Yanqi LIANG ; Honggui ZHOU ; Dongfang WANG ; Yunlong DENG
Chinese Journal of Behavioral Medicine and Brain Science 2018;27(12):1133-1137
Objective To revise rumination on sadness scale (RSS) and evaluate the reliability and validity of the Chinese version rumination on sadness scale (RSS-C) in Chinese undergraduates.Methods A total of 1 166 undergraduates from 4 universities in Hunan province completed RSS,ruminative response scale (RRS) and Beck depression inventory-Ⅱ (BDI-Ⅱ).The test-retest was conducted in 111 participants 2 weeks later.Results Item analysis and exploratory factor analysis showed the RSS-C included 11 items,consisting of causal analysis,understanding oneself and one's sadness and uncontrollability of ruminative thinking factors.The scores of each item in the high score group were significantly higher than those in the low group(P<0.001),and the correlation between each item and the total score was significant(r=0.594-0.719,P<0.001).The confirmatory factor analysis indicated good fit(x2/df=3.938,GFI =0.957,NFI =0.940,CFI =0.954,TLI =0.930,IFI =0.954,RMSEA =0.070).The internal consistency for RSS-C and three factors ranged from 0.694 to 0.868,and the test-retest reliability ranged from 0.620 to 0.833.The scores on RSS-C and three factors were significantly associated with RRS(r=0.555-0.637,P<0.01),BDI-Ⅱ (r=0.211-0.403,P<0.01) respectively.Conclusion RSS-C has good reliability and validity and can be used as an effective instrument to assess rumination on sadness in Chinese undergraduates.
8.Preoperative Prediction of Lymphovascular Invasion of Colorectal Cancer Based on Radiomics Approach
Cuishan LIANG ; Yanqi HUANG ; Lan HE ; Xiaomei HUANG ; Zixuan CHENG ; Zaiyi LIU
Chinese Journal of Medical Imaging 2018;26(3):191-196,201
Purpose Lymph-vascular invasion (LVI) is a risk factor for the prognosis of colorectal cancer, and it is of great value to evaluate the status of lymphatic vessels before treatment. This study aims to predict colorectal cancer LVI preoperatively based on radiomics. Materials and Methods Radiomics features were extracted from preoperative CT images of colorectal cancer retrospectively collected and radiomics labels were constructed. The predictive efficacy of radiomics labels were assessed and internally verified. Joint predictive factors were established by combining clinical factors with independent predictive efficacy and radiomics labels, and their predictive efficacy was evaluated. Results Radiomics labels consisted of 58 radiomics features were correlated with LVI status (P<0.0001)with the former showing good discrimination ability[C-index 0.719,95% CI:0.715-0.723]and classification ability(sensitivity 0.726, specificity 0.628) with internal validation (C-index 0.720). Joint predictive factors containing radiomics labels and carcino-embryonic antigen further enhanced the predictability of radiomics labels (C-index 0.751, sensitivity 0.788, specificity 0.667). Conclusion The radiomics labels built in this study can provide individualized prediction of LVI status of patients with colorectal cancer before surgery. Joint predictive factors in combination with clinical risk factors further improved predictive efficacy.
9.A CT-based radiomics analysis for clinical staging of non-small cell lung cancer
Lan HE ; 广东省医学科学院广东省人民医院放射科 ; Yanqi HUANG ; Zelan MA ; Cuishan LIANG ; Xiaomei HUANG ; Zixuan CHENG ; Changhong LIANG ; Zaiyi LIU
Chinese Journal of Radiology 2017;51(12):906-911
Objective To develop and validate a CT-based radiomics predictive model for preoperative predicting the stage of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Methods In this retrospective study, 657 patients with histologically confirmed was collected from October 2007 to December 2014.The primary dataset consisted of patients with histologically confirmed NSCLC from October 2007 to April 2012, while independent validation was conducted from May 2012 to December 2014.All the patients underwent non-enhanced and contrast-enhanced CT images scan with a standard protocol. The pathological stage (PTNM) of patients with NSCLC were determined by the intraoperative and postoperative pathological findings,and were divided into early stage(Ⅰ,Ⅱstage)and advanced stage(Ⅲ,Ⅳstage).A list of radiomics features were extracted using the software Matlab 2014a and the corresponding radiomics signature was constructed. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed with radiomics signature and clinical variables for developing the prediction model. The model performance was assessed with respect to discrimination using the area under the curve (AUC) of receiver operating characteristic(ROC) analysis. Results The discrimination performance of radiomics signature yielded a AUC of 0.715[95% confidence interval (CI):0.709 to 0.721] in the primary dataset and a AUC of 0.724(95% CI:0.717 to 0.731) in the validation dataset. On multivariable logistic regression, radiomics signature, tumor diameter,
carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) level, and cytokeratin 19 fragment (CYFRA21-1) level were showed independently associated with the stage ( Ⅰ,Ⅱ stage vs. Ⅲ, Ⅳ stage) of NSCLC. The prediction model showed good discrimination in both primary dataset (AUC=0.787, 95%CI:0.781 to 0.793;sensitivity=73.4%, specificity=72.2% ,positive predictive value=0.707,negative predictive value=0.868) and independent validation dataset (AUC=0.777, 95% CI:0.771 to 0.783,sensitivity=91.3% ,specificity=67.3% ,positive
predictive value=0.607, negative predictive value=0.946). Conclusion The radiomics predictive model, which integrated with the radiomics signature and clinical characteristics can be used as a promising and applicable adjunct approach for preoperatively predicting the clinical stage (Ⅰ,Ⅱ stage vs. Ⅲ,Ⅳ stage) of patients with NSCLC.
10.A multi-center survey on the application of antibacterial agents in Chinese children in 2019
Jiaosheng ZHANG ; Xiang MA ; Lanfang TANG ; Daiyin TIAN ; Li LIN ; Yanqi LI ; Jing QIAN ; Wenshuang ZHANG ; Wei LI ; Gen LU ; Ligang SI ; Ping JIN ; Liang ZHU ; Keye WU ; Jikui DENG ; Yuejie ZHENG ; Yonghong YANG
Chinese Journal of Applied Clinical Pediatrics 2022;37(14):1074-1081
Objective:To analyze the patterns of antibacterial agents in Chinese children surveyed by the China multi-center monitoring network for the application of antibacterial agents in children and neonates in 2019 by using World Health Organization (WHO) Access, Watch, Reserve and Not-recommended (AWaRe) and typical anatomical/therapeutic/chemical (ATC) in this study.Methods:The cross-sectional method was adopted.A multi-center cross-sectional survey was conducted on one day from September to December 2019.The information of all inpatients taking antibiotics was uploaded to the network-based data collection system (https: //garpec-31.mobilemd.cn/login.aspx? relogin=true). This study covered 13 hospitals from 10 provinces and cities in China.All hospitalized children in the Respiratory Department, Infectious Disease Department, General Surgery Department, Pediatric Intensive Care Units, Neonatal Intensive Care Units and Neonatology joined in this survey.The clinically used antibacterial agents were classified by AWaRe and ATC, and the AWaRe and ATC distributions of antibacterial agents prescribed for Chinese children and neonates were described.Results:Of the 2 644 antibiotic prescriptions included from 13 hospitals, 2 134 (80.71%) were for children and 510 (19.29%) were for neonates.Of all antibiotic prescriptions, there were 368 (13.92%) Access antibiotics prescriptions, 1 973 (74.62%) Watch prescriptions, 60 (2.27%) Reserve prescriptions and 243 (9.19%) Not-recommended prescriptions.The top-five antibiotics prescribed for children and neonates were third-generation cephalosporins (1 056, 39.94%), macrolides (492, 18.61%), carbapenems (275, 10.40%), beta lactam-beta lactamase inhibitors (246, 9.30%), and second-generation cephalosporins (136, 5.14%). The use ratios of Access, Watch, Reserve and Not-recommended antibiotics in each center ranged from 0 to 30.00%, 36.67% to 97.20%, 0 to 17.02% and 0 to 33.33%, respectively.In 1 360 antibiotic prescriptions for children and neonates with pneumonia, there were 152 (11.18%) Access antibiotics, 1 051 (77.28%) Watch antibiotics, 37 (2.72%) Reserve antibiotics, and 120 (8.82%) Not-recommended antibiotics.The top-five antibiotics prescribed for children with pneumonia were third-generation cephalosporins (522, 38.38%), macrolides (388, 28.53%), beta lactam-beta lactamase inhibitors (141, 10.37%), carbapenems (117, 8.6%) and penicillins (49, 3.60%).Conclusions:Watch antibiotics and broad spectrum antibiotics such as third-generation cephalosporins and macrolides prone to induce resistance are the main antibacterial agents used in Chinese children and neonates with pneumonia.Broad-spectrum antibiotics may be overused in Chinese children and neonates.