Objective To discuss the influence of all- inclusive nursing for patients with orthopedic trauma on the aspects of their body and mind. Methods According to the related reference, made out allinclusive nursing ideas, and then used in 100 patients with orthopedic trauma (intervention group), routine rehabilitation was used in the control group (100 cases with orthopedic trauma). Compared the somatopsychic codition and the rehabilitation between the two groups. Results The 6 indexes of rehabilitation in the intervention group were significant better than those of in the control group. Somatopsychic condition in the intervention group was satisfactory. Conclusions All-inclusive nursing should be promoted in chnic by its merits.

Objective To study the incidence and risk factors of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) in a single tertiary center during different times(Phase 1:2009 to 2011;Phase 2:2012 to 2014). Methods From 2009 to 2014, fundus examinations were performed on premature infants admitted to NICU of our hospital. The incidence and risk factors of ROP were compared between the two phases. Results During Phase 1,68 (11. 1% ) cases were diagnosed with ROP among 614 premature infants. During Phase 2, 121 (15. 2% ) cases were diagnosed with ROP among 794 premature infants. The incidences of ROP between the two phases were significantly different (P <0. 05). During Phase 1 and 2, 10 (14. 7% ) infants and 12 (9. 9% ) infants were diagnosed with Grade 3 and above or threshold ROP, respectively. The incidence of Grade 3 and above or threshold ROP between the two phases were also significantly different (P < 0. 05). Logistic analysis demonstrated that gestational age(GA), birth weight (BW), duration of oxygen therapy and mechanical ventilation(MV) were independent risk factors during hase 1, whereas GA, MV and blood transfusion were independent risk factors during Phase 2. Pulmonary surfactant (PS) was protective factor of ROP in both two groups. GA in Phase 2 was significant lower than Phase 1 (P <0. 05), while duration of oxygen therapy, incidence of MV, PS and blood transfusion were higher in Phase 2 ( P < 0. 05) . Conclusions The incidence of ROP has increased. Reducing the incidence of preterm delivery, duration of oxygen therapy, incidence of MV and blood transfusion has important role in preventing ROP. Reducing the use of MV and the oxygen concentrations, appropriate PS therapy and focusing on early ophthalmic screening are important preventing severe ROP.

Objective To investigate the effect of fluvastatin on the expressions of caspase-12,CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein homologous protein(CHOP), and c-Jun N-terminal kinases (JNK) in ischemia-reperfusion brain injury in rats.Methods Forty two rats were randomly divided into sham operation group (6 rats), ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) group (18 rats), and fluvastatin (Flu) group (18 rats).The rats of I/R and Flu groups were molded by modified Longa intraluminal thread, then put to death at 2 h occlusion and 24 h reperfusion point.Expressions of caspase-12, CHOP, and JNK were detected with immunohistochemistry and Western blot.Results Immunohistochemistry and Western blot showed that the expressions of caspase-12, CHOP, and JNK were increased at 24 h reperfusion.Compared to I/R group, the expressions of caspase-12 and CHOP in Flu group were decreased significantly (all P ＜0.01);and the expression of JNK had no difference between I/R and Flu groups(P ＞ 0.05).Conclusions The increased expression of caspase-12, CHOP, and JNK showed that endoplasmic reticulum stress was involved in the pathological process of ischemia-reperfusion brain injury.Fluvastatin could inhibit the expression of caspase12 and CHOP, and could delete endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) in ischemia-reperfusion brain injury.

Objective To investigate expression and role of protease catenin-1(PN-1), thrombin(thrombin), protease activated receptor-1(PAR-1) in rats brain edema tissue after intracerebral hemorrhage(ICH).Methods Adult male SD rats 80 were randomly divided into sham group,ICH group after number, 40 in each group, ICH group autologous arterial method of making a rat model of experimental ICH in the right caudate nucleus unit injection.The degree of neurological dysfunction between 2 groups was evaluated at 12 h,24 h and 120 h after post-operation.Observed the morphology of brain cells by HE staining.Changes of PN-1,thrombin, PAR-1 index in rat brain tissue at 3,6,10,12,24,48 and 120 h were detected by Western blot.Results Neurological dysfunction score ICH rats after modeling 12,48,120 h were significantly lower than the sham group(P<0.05);ICH in rats after modeling 3,6,10,12,24,48 and 120 h of brain tissue PN-1, thrombin, PAR-1 compared with sham-operated group were significantly increased (P<0.05); ICH rat brain tissue PN-1, thrombin, PAR-1 appeared in 12 h after modeling shwed a gradual downward trend (P<0.05). Conclusion ICH hematoma surrounding brain tissue in rats PN-1 has the effect of inhibiting thrombin and PAR-1 overexpression, cause nerve damage.

OBJECTIVE:To introduce the research progress of biliary tract prosthesis,to analyze the reason of complication following stent implantation,and to explore the biocompatibility of various biliary tracts and host. METHODS:We retrieved Medline database (1989/2009) and CNKI (1989/2009) using the computer. According to inclusion and exclusion criteria,the literatures were screened by the first author,and the data were collected,and the quality was evaluated. We described and arranged the treatment progress of biliary tract prosthesis implantation,complication of stent implantation and biocompatibility of biliary tract prosthesis to investigate treatment state,complication and biocompatibility of the biliary tract prosthesis. RESULTS:The literatures were summarized. The bilitary tract prosthesis contains plastic stent,mental stent,silica gel tract stent and degradable polylactic acid stent. The complications of stent implantation included transudation,hemorrhage,perforation and stenosis. Among various stents,the biocompatibility of plastic stent was poor,easy to be blocked,but the price was low,and easy to be taken out. The diameter of mental stent following distension could reach 7-10 mm,with long unobstructed time,but the price was higher compared with the plastic stent. The biocompatibility of silica gel tract stent was good. The silica gel tract had strong decay resistance and pliable texture,which could extend tumor excision range and elevate curative effects. Moreover,complications did not occur such as infection and stenosis of the biliary tract. Biocompatibility of nickel-titanium alloy biliary ducts was significantly better than the stent products,without complications. With the exception of price factor,the biocompatibility of degradable polylactic acid stent was the best,but further studies were needed to observe and study the formation of biliary sludge,stent displacement and blockage,stent degradation products. CONCLUSION:Biliary tract prosthesis implantation can be an important treatment method for stenosis of biliary tract. During treatment,enough preparation is needed prior to implantation according to various clinical symptoms to select suitable stent type. Indications are followed strictly to avoid the occurrence of complications. The biocompatibility of silica gel stent and Ni-Ti alloy stent is good,but the biocompatibility of other stents should be enhanced.

APOBEC3 is a class of cytidine deaminase, which is considered as a new member of the innate immune system, and APOBEC3G belongs to this family. The research about APOBEC3G is a new direction of innate immune defense mechanism against virus. APOBEC3G has the restrictive activity on many viral replications, which deaminates dC to dU in the viral genome and then induces extensive hypermutation. APOBEC3G can also interrupt viral replication at several phases such as reverse transcription, replication, nucleocapsid and so on by non-deamination mechanisms. However, virus can encode viral proteins to counteract the restriction activity of APOBEC3G. Elucidation of the antagonistic interaction between APOBEC3G and the virus will be contributed to development of new antiviral drugs in the future.

Unilateral enlargement of the vestibular aqueduct (EVA)is a relatively rare disease. Bilateral EVA was found to be more common than unilateral EVA. There are significant differences in clinical features and molecular etiology between unilateral EVA and bilateral one. This article reviewed related researches of the unilateral EVA in clinical characteristics, molecular etiology and pathogenic mechanism.
Vestibular Aqueduct ; pathology

Objective To evaluate the efficacy and safety of caspofungin in the treatment of invasive fungal disease (IFD) in advanced age patients. Methods A retrospective analysis of the clinical data was conducted. IFD patients who had received caspofungin treatment in elderly wards were included. Results From January 2007 to August 2009, 29 IFD patients aged 80-100 years (mean 89 ) were treated with caspofungin. Except that one patient dead on the first drug administration day, there were 28 evaluable patients, 13 were cured (46.4%), 6 were markedly improved (21.4%), 3 progressed (10.8%) and 6 dead (21.4%). The overall effective rate was 67. 8%. Of 13cured patients, 12 were Candida bacreremia, 1 was Candida albicans disease of lung. Of 6 dead patients, 2 were Candida bacteremia, 1 was Candida albicans disease of lung and 3 was suspected of lung IFD. One patient performed that alanine aminotransferase was increased, considering drug-related impairment of liver function. Conclusions Caspofungin is effective and safe in the treatment of IFD in advanced age patients.

Objective To investigate the serum concentration and the lung tissue expression level of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) in neonatal rats with hypoxia-induced pulmonary hypertension (HPH),and the role of HIF-1α in pathogenesis of HPH and pulmonary vascular remodeling.Methods Eighty neonatal Wistar rats were randomly assigned into normoxia and hypoxic group,forty in each group.HPH models were established on rats in hypoxic group.On the 3rd,7th,14th and 21st day after modeling,ten rats in each group were taken to measure the mean pulmonary arterial pressure (mPAP).Meanwhile,serum HIF-1α concentration were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay,while expression of HIF-1α in lung tissue were detected by immunohistochemistry and real time polymerase chain reaction.After hematoxylineosin and Van Gieson staining,morphological changes of pulmonary arterioles of rats in both groups were observed by optical microscope.Intima-media thickness/external diameter ratio (MT) and medial wall cross sectional area/vessel total cross-sectional area ratio (MA) were determined.Wilcoxon rank sum test,t-test,Ridit analysis,Pearson correlation and Spearman rank correlation test were applied for statistical analysis.Results mPAP in both groups kept increasing as the time went on.mPAP in hypoxic group were higher than that innormoxiagroup[(8.59±1.57) mmHgvs (6.14±1.02) mmHg,(11.63±2.56) mmHgvs (8.33±0.76) mmHg,(15.29±2.88) mmHgvs (10.92±2.74) mmHgand (18.04±2.69) mmHgvs (12.17±1.64) mmHg on the 3rd,7th,14th and 21st day after hypoxia modeling (t=4.14,3.91,3.48 and 5.89,all P＜0.05).Serum concentration,expressions of mRNA and immune response intensity of HIF-1α in hypoxic group were higher than those in normoxia group on the 3rd,7th and 14th day after hypoxia [serum concentration:(805.67±19.52) μg/molvs (204.34±83.21) μg/mol,(906.29±24.24) μg/molvs (548.93±11.78) μg/mol and (939.25±28.57) μg/mol vs (674.44± 17.41) μg/mol,t=6.43,4.11 and 2.34,respectively,all P＜0.05; relative expressions of HIF-1α mRNA:0.98±0.35 vs 0.23±0.16,1.30±0.49 vs 0.69±0.13 and 1.45±0.76 vs 0.64±0.21,respectively,t=4.56,2.72 and 4.63,all P＜0.05; immune response intensity of HIF-1α (average Ridit value):0.318 vs 0.183,0.303 vs 0.198 and 0.374 vs 0.176,respectively,u=3.26,2.73 and 3.91,all P＜0.05].MT and MA in hypoxic group were higher than those in normoxia group [MT:52.71％ (45.91％-63.23％) vs 47.42％ (41.14％ 56.17％),61.28％ (52.25％-68.63％) vs 50.22％(43.79％ 58.40％) and 65.24％ (56.02％-71.28％) vs 53.78％ (48.02％-64.58％) at 7,14 and 21st day respectively,u=2.08,4.54 and 4.37; MA:60.89％ (54.04％ 66.21％) vs 55.19％ (50.32％-63.59％),66.09％ (58.52％-72.58％) vs 59.77％ (53.55％-67.09％) and 68.25％(62.02％-74.51％)vs 61.40％(50.74％-70.55％),respectively,u=2.16,2.27 and 3.18,all P＜0.05].There were positive relations between HIF-1α and mPAP (r=0.294),as well as MT and MA (r=0.548 and 0.265,all P＜0.05).Conclusions HIF-1α may play a role in the pathogenesis of HPH.Pulmonary vascular remodeling occurred after seven days of hypoxia induction and may be exacerbated as the hypoxic time is prolonged,which might be prevented with early interventions.

Objective To study the clinical effect and significance of integrative medicines of TCM and WM combined with fast-track surgery concept on perioperative nursing in colorectal surgery.Methods One hundred and twenty patients with surgery were randomly divided into the observation group and the control group,60 cases in each group.The control group was treated with conventional nursing,while the observation group was treated with fast track surgery nursing of integrative medicines of TCM and WM.Results Bowel sound recovery time,anus exhaust time,defecation time,length of hospital stay and postoperative complications of observation group was significantly less than the control group (P＜0.05).Nursing total satisfaction of observation group was significantly higher than the control group (P＜0.05).Conclusion Integrative medicines of TCM and WM combined with fast-track surgery concept on perioperative nursing in colorectal surgery can reduce stress,speed up the recovery,reduce complications.So it is a safe and effective way of perioperative nursing,and worthy of clinical popularization and application.