Objective To understand the pathogenic characteristics of intra-abdominal infection after appendecto-my in patients with appendicitis.Methods Clinical data of patients undergoing appendectomy in a hospital from January 2013 to December 2015 were analyzed retrospectively,pathogenic characteristics,treatment,and prognosis of patients with intra-abdominal infection were analyzed.Results A total of 431 patients undergoing appendectomy were investigated,38 (8.82%)developed intra-abdominal infection.36 strains of pathogenic bacteria were isolated, 34 (94.44%)of which were gram-negative bacteria,mainly Escherichiacoli(n=29,80.55%);2 (5.56%)strains were gram-positive bacteria,1 of which was Staphylococcusaureus,and the other was Enterococcusavium.The re-sistance rates of 29 strains of Escherichia coli to commonly used antimicrobial agents (amoxicillin,piperacillin,ti-carcillin,cefuroxime,ceftazidime,and cefalotin)were 72.41%-93.10%,none of strains were found to be resistant to piperacillin/tazobactam,meropenem,imipenem,and amikacin.Conclusion Escherichiacoli is the most common pathogen causing intra-abdominal infection after appendectomy and it has high resistance rates to most commonly used antimicrobial agents,piperacillin/tazobactam,amikacin,and carbapenems are recommended for treating intra-abdominal infection after appendectomy.

AIM: To observe the effects of ?-MSH on the expression of CD14 and TLR4 mRNA in mou se peritoneal macrophages induced by LPS and explore the mechanisms of ?-MSH ag ainst LPS. METHODS: BALB/C mouse peritoneal macrophages were cultured in the presence of LPS or LPS plus ?-MSH, and the expressions of CD14 and TLR4 mRNA were detected with the m ethod of reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). RESULTS: It was found that native murine macrophages o nly expressed a small amount of CD14 and TLR4 mRNA. Both CD14 and TLR4 mRNA expr ession to LPS in mouse macrophages increased significantly than those of contro l group at 6 h and maintained high level until 24 h when they reached to the pea k. Then the expression of CD14 mRNA backed to the normal gene expression baselin e, while TLR4 mRNA had excessive expression at 48 h. In presence of LPS and ?- MSH, the expression of CD14 and TLR4 mRNA decreased remarkably than those of L PS group (P0.05). Only when the dose s of ?-MSH attained to 1, 10 or 100 nmol/L,?-MSH could affect LPS-stimulated e xpression of CD14 and TLR4 mRNA (P0.05). CONCLUSION: These studies suggest that effects of ?-MSH against LPS are associated with its suppressing the critical receptor (CD14 and TLR4) expression of the LPS signal transduction and inhibiting the activation of macrophages.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the distribution and antimicrobial susceptibility of clinical isolates from the aged patients with urinary tract infection.METHODS Totally 1211 strains of germs were identified and(susceptibility) tests were performed using VITEK-60 system as recommended by the manufacturer.RESULTS The most common pathogens were Escherichia coli,Klebsiella pneumoniae,and Enterococcus faecalis.The infective rate of fungi was higher in the elderly.CONCLUSIONS Our data will be useful for reasonably choosing(antimicrobial) agents in(treatment) of UTI in the aged.

Objective To explore the effect of relaxation training with listening to music on negative emotions of hemodialysis patients.Methods 70 hemodialysis patients were divided into the intervention group and the control group by random number table,and each group had 35 cases.The control group was given routine care,health education and routine discharge guidance during dialysis by the responsible nurses.The intervention group had relaxation training with listening to music on the basis of routine care.Before the intervention and three months after the intervention the Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression was used as an assessment tool to evaluate negative emotion of patients.Results Before intervention,the HAMD scores of the two groups showed no significant differences.3 months after intervention,HAMD scores had significant difference between two groups.Conclusions Relaxation training with listening to music can significantly improve patients' negative emotions,and is worthy of clinical application.

Objective:To establish a method for the determination of Mg and Al in 5-layer co-extrusion bags and their migration from the bags into infusion by ICP-MS. Methods:The samples were digested by microwave digestion, and the contents of Mg and Al were determined by ICP-MS under certain working conditions. Results:Both Mg and Al had a linear range between 2. 5 and 20. 0 μg ·L-1, and r was 0. 999 6 and 0. 999 7, respectively. The average recovery of Mg was 92. 90% (RSD=3. 01%,n=9),and that of Al was 94. 15% (RSD=4. 11%,n=9). Conclusion:The method is accurate, sensitive and simple, and can be used for the determi-nation of Mg and Al in 5-layer co-extrusion bags and their migration from the bags into infusion.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the changes in the expression of phospholipase C-gamma1tyr783 (PLC-γ1tyr783) in the condylar cartilage of a young rat during functional mandibular protraction. This work also explores the function of PLC-γ1tyr783 in the rat mandibular condylar cartilage bone remodeling, which could provide experimental evidence for clinical bone ortho- pedic work.

METHODSA total of 60 four-week-old male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were used in this study. The rats were divided equally and randomly into experimental group and control group. The functional appliances that were fitted to the upper incisors of the animals in the experimental group were worn 24 h a day after the rats were fed for 7 d with homemade pellet feed. The animals in the experimental group, along with their matched controls, were sacrificed after 1, 3, 7, 14, 21, and 28 d. The bilateral condylar was fixed, decalcified, dehyded, and then conventional paraffin embedded. Immunohisto- chemistry of PLC-γ1tyr783 was applied to observe its express distribution and variation.

RESULTSThe expression of PLC-γ1tyr783 decreased gradually in the control group, which showed age-related changes (P > 0.05). On the 14th day, PLC-γ1tyr783 expres- sion in the experimental group was significantly higher than that in the control group. PLC-γ1tyr783 expression began to appear statistically and significantly different between the two groups (P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONPLC-γ1tyr783 is involved in the bone remodeling process of the rat condylar cartilage after functional mandibular-protraction.

Objective To assess the consistency of diagnostic results using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) and fundus fluorescein angiography (FFA) in the central retinal vein occlusion (CRVO).Methods This is a retrospective case series of 26 eyes of 26 patients with CRVO.There were 10 females (10 eyes) and 16 males (16 eyes).The mean age was (49.19±10.50) years.The mean course of the disease was (27.81± 21.60) days.Simultaneous OCTA and FFA were performed in all patients using 7-standard field of Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study (ETDRS) to evaluate the microaneurysms,nonperfused areas,optical disc/retinal neovascularization and maeular edema.The consistency was evaluated using weighted Kappa statistic values.Kappa≥0.76,consistency is excellent;0.60≤Kappa＜0.75,consistency is good;0.40≤Kappa＜0.60,consistency is general;Kappa＜0.40,consistency is poor.Results Based on OCTA,microaneurysms were found in 23 eyes,nonperfused areas in 16 eyes,optical disc/retinal neovascularization in 8 eyes and macular edema in 21 eyes.Based on FFA,23 eyes were diagnosed to have microaneurysms,14 eyes have nonperfused area,8 eyes have optical disc/retinal neovascularization,22 eyes have macular edema.The consistency was excellent for microaneurysms and optical disc/retinal neovascularization (Kappa=0.772,0.766;P＜0.01),good for nonperfused areas and macular edema (Kappa =0.703,0.600,P＜ 0v01).Conclusion There is high consistency between OCTA and FFA in the diagnosis of microaneurysms,macular edema,nonperfused areas and optical disc/retinal neovascularization in CRVO patients.

Aim: To establish a linear additive model for the predication of in vitro sinomenine hydrochloride release from the combination of immediate release, enteric-coated and sustained-release pellets based on the release profiles of each pellet type. Methods: Immediate release pellets were manufactured by extrusion/spher-onization technology. The operation of bottom-spraying in the fluid-bed equipment was conducted to enteric-coating using Eudragit~(R) L-30D-55 and sustained-release coating using Surelease~(R) . In vitro sinomenine hydrochloride release profiles of both uncoated and coated pellets were fitted to the chosen mathematical equations offered by the curve fitting toolbox of Matlab~(R) before a linear additive model was created based upon the best-to-fitting equations. The proportion of each pellet type in the combined format to generate the desired 24 h sinomenine hydrochloride release profile was solved by Matlab~(R). The predicted and assayed sinomenine hydrochloride release from the polled pellets was compared. Results: It was shown that the actual sinomenine hydrochloride release profiles of each pellet type were approximate to those of predicted ones. A linear additive model of the appropriate mathematical equations of each pellet was proven to be capable of controlling in vitro release of sinomenine hydrochloride multiple-unit pellets. Conclusion: A multiple-unit combined system of the selected pellets, as a novel sustained-release system, was successfully prepared. In vitro release performance of the calculated combination of each pellet type could be guaranteed by this approach in designing sustained-release drug delivery system.

Objective:To construct an eukaryotic expression vector of enhanced green fluorescence protein(EGFP) gene driven by telomerase catalytic subunit(hTERT) gene promoter and observe the specific expression of EGFP in lung cancer cell lines.Methods:The 1100bp promoter fragment was obtained by enzyme digestion from a recombinant plasmid of pGL3-hTERTp containing the hTERT promoter.The hTERT promoter was then subcloned into the upstream of the report gene EGFP of pEGFP-1 without promoter.The expression vector pEGFP-hTERTp was successfully constructed.The vector pEGFP-N1 containing cytomegalovirus(CMV) promoter was used as a positive control.The vector pEGFP-1 without promoter was used as a negative control.The vectors were transfected into human lung cancer cell lines 95D,NCI-H446,A2,A549,LTEP-a-2,YTMLC and normal MRC-5 through lipofectamine respectively.EGFP expression was detected under the fluorescence microscope.Results:pEGFP-hTERTp was confirmed by enzyme digestion with correct result.That the EGFP expression was detected in all of eight lung cancer cells transfected with pEGFP-hTERTp,but not in MRC cells.By contrast,high intensity EGFP expression was observed in both lung tumor cells and normal cells,which were transfected with pEGFP-N1.Conclusion:The EGFP controlled by hTERT promoter can be expressed specifically in lung cancer cell lines.hTERT promoter may be used as an excellent regulation element in tumor-targeting gene therapy.

Objective To study the anti-tumor effect of Zhongjiefeng Injection in vitro and its combination with adriamycin.Methods MTT assay was adopted to determine the in-vitro anti-tumor effect,IC50 was used to measure the direct anti-tumor effect,and Jing' s formula was applied to analyze the combination of the drugs.Results Zhongjiefeng Injection can inhibit the proliferation of Bel 7402(human hepatoma cells),HCT-8(human colon cancer cells),and the IC50 was 33.13 mg/mL for Bel 7402 and 52.39 mg/mL for HCT-8 respectively.Zhongjiefeng Injection at the concentrations of 3.125,6.25,12.5 mg/mL showed an efficancy potentiation action with doxorubicin on the inhibition of HCT-8 cells in vitro,and 25,50 mg/mL showed a synergic effect on HCT-8 .Conclusion Zhongjiefeng Injection has a certain in-vitro inhibitory effect on the growth of Bel 7402 and HCT-8,its combination with doxorubicin in vitro can produce synergic effects(a simple combined or enhanced effects)to HCT-8 cells,especially high concentrations of Zhongjiefeng Injection with doxorubicin.It is suggested that Zhongjiefeng Injection in the doubled dosage may have a better synergistic effect with doxorubicin in clinical treatment of colon cancer.