Daxx is found in the nucleus where it localizes to PML oncogenic domains (PODs). Its multiple domains can interact proteins involved in transcriptional regulation and apoptotic signal transduction. In addition, Daxx is associated with viral infection、tumorigenesis and embryonic development.

Objective To explore the methods of breeding ,reproduction and genotype of GJB2 knock -out (cCx26KO) mice and further study the critical role of GJB2 mutation in the onset of nonsyndromic hearing loss (NSHL) .Methods Two pairs of transgenic mice (Cx26loxp/loxp and Pax2 -Cre/+ ) were inbreeded to produce Cx26loxp/-_Pax2-Cre/+ ones ,female of which were used to mate with the male Cx26loxp/loxp ones to finally get the Cx26loxp/loxp_Pax2 -Cre/+ mice(cCx26KO) .The genotype was done by PCR and Agarose gel electro-phoresis using genome DNA extracted from the mice tails .The c-ABR was used to detect the hearing ability of the cCx26KO mice .Results Both breeding and reproduction of cCx26KO mice were successful .It was fruitful to obtain four genotype mice(Cx26loxp/loxp_ Pax2-Cre / + ,Cx26loxp / -_Pax2-Cre / + ,Cx26loxp/loxp ,Cx26loxp /-) by the breeding Cx26loxp / -_Pax2Cre / + and Cx26loxp/loxp mice .The results of breeding were met with the Mendel's law .The c-ABR revealed elevated response threshold around 95 dB SPL in cCx26KO mouse compared to the wild type ones ,which further validated the accuracy of the PCR method .Conclusion The PCR method is cor-rectly identified sub pups genotype and the female Cx26loxp/-_Pax2-Cre/+ mice mating with the male Cx26loxp/loxp ones is an effective way to obtain the cCx 26KO mice .

graduate from self-study examination of nursing,the quality evaluation scale for graduation thesis of undergraduate from serf-study examination of nursing was developed.Methods The quality evaluation scales,which involving the scale using for faculty advisers,the scale using for reviewing teachers and the scale using for thesis defense teachers,for graduation thesis of undergraduate from self-study examination of nursing were constructed by adopting literature method,and so on.The scales were evaluated by reliability analysis,validity analysis,correlation analysis and factor analysis.Results The scale using for faculty advisers included 5 first-level indicators and 16 second-level indicators.The scale using for reviewingteachers included 4 first-level indicators and 14 second-level indicators.The scale using for thesis defense teachers included 5 first-level indicators and 14 second-level indicators.Their content validity indexes were respectively 0.909,0.952 and 0.864.Their construct validity cumulative contribution rates of the dimensions factors were respectively 72.77％,66.19％ and 63.79％.Their internal consistency reliability coefficients Cronbach α were respectively 0.953,0.810 and 0.926.The correlations between each factor and total score were significant.Conclusions three evaluation scales have good reliability and validity,which could be used to evaluate graduation thesis quality of undergraduate from self-study examination of nursing.

Objective To investigate the incidence of metabolic syndrome among obese children in clinics. Methods One hundred and thirteen obese children aged 7 to 14 years were selected from clinics of nutrition(case group),and another 366 healthy students aged 7 to 14 years were served as controls.Height,body weight,waist circumference,hip circumference,blood pressure and liver ultrasound were measured,related biochemical parameters such as fasting blood glucose,fasting insulin,serum total cholesterol,triglyceride(TG),hiSh density lipoprotein and low density lipoprotein were detected,and the incidences of metabolic syndrome were obtained in two groups.Insulin resistance(IR)was evaluated by homeostasis model assessment(HOMA). Results There was no significant difference in age and gender between case group and control group(P>0.05).Body weight,body mass index(BMI),waist circumference,hip circumference,waist to hip ratio,systolic blood pressure,diastolic blood pressure,fasting blood glucose,fasting insulin,HOMA index and TG in case group were significantly higher than those in control group(P<0.01).The 75th percentile of HOMA index in control group was 3.28,and IR subgroup and non-IR subgroup were divided according to this cutpoint.In case group,body weight,BMI,waist circumference and TG in non-IR subgroup were significantly higher than those in IR subgroup (P< 0.05).Metabolic syndrome occurred in 51 cases(45.1%) in case group.The incidence of metabolic syndrome was higher in IR subgroup than that in non-IR group(50.0% vs 21.1%)(P<0.05). Conclusion The prevalence of metabolic syndrome is higher in overweight and obese children.IR has a close relationship with metabolic syndrome.

Objective To investigate the prevalence of parenteral nutrition related central venous catheter infection in elder patients with malignant tumors,and explore the risk factors. Methods The clinical data of 366 patients with malignant tumors who were managed with parenteral nutrition after operation were retrospectively analysed.The data of age,gender, body weight,diagnosis of primary disease,surgical approach,past history,volume of blood and albumin transfusion and time of fever(body temperature ≥38℃) were collected.Parenteral nutrition related parameters such as time of parenteral nutrition,total calorie,non-protein cMorie,amount of fat,protein and glucose,calorie to nitrogen ratio and carbohydrate to fat ratio were also recorded. Results The mean age of 366 patients was (71.8±6.9)years,mean time of parenteralnutrition was (10.6±6.3)d,and total time of catheterization was 3 336 days.The prevalence of parenteral nutrition related central venous catheter infection was 2.5%(9/366).Logistic regression analysis demonstrated that the relative risks of plasma albumin level before parenteral nutrition and time of high fever to catheter infection were 1.257 and 2.518,respectively(P<0.01 for both). Conclusion Plasma albumin level before parenteral nutrition and time of fever were two risk factors for parenteral nutrition related catheter infection in elder patients with malignant tumors.

Objective To analyze the epidemic characteristics of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis(MDR-TB)in Hunan Province from 2013 to 2016,and provide theoretical basis for the prevention and control of tuberculosis.Methods Information about TB patients in Hunan Province reported by China Information System for Disease Control and Prevention between January 2013 and December 2016 was analyzed retrospectively.Results From 2013 to 2016,the total drug resistance registration rate in Hunan Province was 5.53/million(1 496/270 330 000),multidrug registration rate was 5.40/million(1 459/270 330 000),drug resistance rate and multidrug resistance rate showed an upward trends(trend x2 =113.605,96.590,respectively,both P<0.001).Among MDR-TB patients,male were more than females(74.09%vs 25.91%),most were more than 25 years of age,especially 45～age group(27.07%);the proportion of patients with MDR-TB retreatment was higher than that of the initial treatment(69.91%vs 30.09%).From 2013 to 2016,distribution range of MDR registration rates in different regions were 4.07/million-7.23/million.Conclusion MDR-TB in Hunan Province in 2013-2016 is increasing year by year,and mainly concentrate on young people over 20 years old.There are more cases of male and retreatment;it is necessary to strengthen regular treatment and prevention of key population,enhance the ability to identify and diagnose MDR-TB patients,and reduce the spread of MDR-TB.

Background The mitochondrial Na+/Ca2+exchanger, NCLX, plays an important role in the balance between Ca2+influx and efflux across the mitochondrial inner membrane in endothelial cells. Mitochondrial metabolism is likely to be affected by the activity of NCLX because Ca2+activates several enzymes of the Krebs cycle. It is currently believed that mitochondria are not only centers of energy produc-tion but are also important sites of reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain receptor 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome activation. Methods&Results This study focused on NCLX function, in rat aortic endothelial cells (RAECs), induced by glucose. First, we detected an increase in NCLX expression in the endothelia of rats with diabetes mellitus, which was induced by an injection of streptozotocin. Next, colocalization of NCLX expression and mitochondria was detected using confocal analysis. Suppression of NCLX expression, using an siRNA construct (siNCLX), enhanced mitochondrial Ca2+influx and blocked efflux induced by glucose. Un-expectedly, silencing of NCLX expression induced increased ROS generation and NLRP3 inflammasome activation. Conclusions These findings suggest that NCLX affects glucose-dependent mitochondrial Ca2+signaling, thereby regulating ROS generation and NLRP3 in-flammasome activation in high glucose conditions. In the early stages of high glucose stimulation, NCLX expression increases to compensate in order to self-protect mitochondrial maintenance, stability, and function in endothelial cells.

Objective: To investigate the recurrence of pulmonary tuberculosis patients 5 years after successful treatment in Hengyang City, Hunan Province, and to analyze its influencing factors. Methods: The data of pulmonary tuberculosis patients who were successfully treated in Hengyang City in 2014 were collected through the tuberculosis management information system. The recurrence of pulmonary tuberculosis was defined as the endpoint, and all patients were observed for five consecutive years. Factors affecting recurrence of pulmonary tuberculosis were identified using Kaplan-Meier estimates, log-rank test and multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression analysis. Results: A total of 6 626 patients with successfully treated pulmonary tuberculosis were included, including 4 961 males and 1 665 females, with a median age of 54 years. There were 536 cases with recurrence of pulmonary tuberculosis within five years, with a 8.09% cumulative proportion of recurrence and annual recurrence rate of 1.75 per 100 person-years. Multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression analysis showed that men ( HR=1.592, 95%CI: 1.256-2.019 ), age of 40 years and greater ( age of 40 to 59 years, HR=7.025, 95%CI: 1.739-28.377; age of 60 years and greater, HR=8.175, 95%CI: 2.024-33.023), farmers ( HR=1.379, 95%CI: 1.070-1.778 ), retreatment ( HR=6.398, 95%CI: 5.163-7.929 ) and positive etiology ( HR=1.255, 95%CI: 1.042-1.511 ) were risk factors for five-year recurrence of pulmonary tuberculosis among successfully-treated patients. Conclusions High recurrence rate is found among pulmonary tuberculosis patients within five years after successful treatment in Hengyang City. There is a high risk of pulmonary tuberculosis recurrence among male, etiologically positive, retreated farmers at ages of 40 years and older, and targeted interventions are recommended.

Objective To understand the mainstream view of ethnic minorities and Han nationality in Yunnan province on Body donation, understand the present status and possible issues about body donation in Yunnan province, so as to provide reference for Yunnan province on body donation. Methods We conducted questionnaire survey by random sampling. Results Yi,Dai,Han on the body donation knowledge and Donation rate was low,and the Yi, Dai was lower than Han.promoting development of medicineandthat is the continuation of lifebecame the main factors affecting the willing to donate body,there was significant difference between the three ethnic groups ( <0.05) .After death should be laid to rest,family and public pressure,fear of being free to use,religious beliefbecome the main factors affecting the unwilling to donate body, three nations also had significant difference ( <0.05) .Conclusions Most people think that the whole society should pay close attention to body donation, that body donation is a very meaningful thing. Joint effort should be made by both the government and civil society for body donation programs in Yunnan Province.

ObjectiveTo determine the subcellular localization of exogenous human papillomavirus type 16 E6 protein(HPV16 E6) and hDaxx in HeLa cells and their effects on tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α-induced apoptosis.MethodsHeLa cells were transfected with plasmids pDsRed-monomer-C1/HPV16 E6,pEGFP-CI/hDaxx,pEGFP-C1 and pDsRed-monomer-C1 respectively.Subsequently,Western blot was carried out to quantify the expression of fusion proteins DsRed-HPV16E6 and EGFP-hDaxx in transfected cells,and laser scanning confocal microscopy to observe the subcellular distribution of HPV16 E6 protein and hDaxx.Some HeLa cells were divided into 5 groups:untransfected (control group),untransfected and treated with TNF-α(TNF-ot group),transfected with pcDNA3.1 (-) and treated with TNF-α(empty vector group),transfected with pcDNA3.1 (-)/HPV16 E6 and treated with TNF-α (HPV16 E6 group),cotransfected with pcDNA3.1(-)/HPV16 E6 and pcDNA3.1 (-)/hDaxx and treated with TNF-α (cotransfected group).After additional culture,the cells were collected and subjected to flow cytometry(FCM) to evaluate the apoptosis of cells as well as spectrophotometry to determine the relative activity of Caspase-8 and Caspase-3.ResultsWestern blot showed that both DsRed-HPV16 E6 and EGFP-hDaxx were expressed in HeLa cells.In Hela cells transfected with pDsRedmonomer-C1/HPV16 E6 or pEGFP-C1/hDaxx alone,the red fluorescence of HPV16 E6 was observed in the nucleus and cytoplasm,while the green fluorescence of hDaxx only in the nucleus; in those cotransfected with pDsRed-monomer-C1/HPVl6 E6,HPV16 E6 and hDaxx proteins were regionally aggregated near the nuclear membrane in nuclei,and hDaxx was partly translocated from the nucleus to the cytoplasm.The apoptosis rate and relative activity of Caspase-8 and Caspase-3 were statistically lower in HPV16 E6 group than in the empty vector group and cotransfected group(21.4％ ± 1.1％ vs.27.0％ ± 0.9％ and 32.5％ ± 2.1％,0.057 ± 0.003 vs.0.092 ±0.012 and 0.109 ± 0.013,0.054 ± 0.006 vs.0.093 ± 0.005 and 0.110 ± 0.004,all p＜ 0.01).Conclusions HPV16 E6 protein induces the partial translocation of hDaxx from the nucleus into the cytoplasm and colocalizes with hDaxx in the cells.The apoptosis of HeLa cells induced by TNF-α can be suppressed by HPV16 E6 protein,while the overexpression of hDaxx can attenuate the suppressing effect of HPV16 E6 protein on apoptosis in Hela cells.