This research is to investigate and analyze the reading characteristics of students in medical college of Foshan Science and Tecnoology University during their clinical practice period,to understand the trainee's reading motive,their expectation of a reading teacher,and their demanding of serve from the college library,thus exploring the method and the countermeasures of the reading guides

Objective To observe the baseline characteristics and visual outcomes after two years follow-up of exudative age-related macular degeneration (AMD) patients treated with ranibizumb. Methods Forty-four eyes of 44 patients with exudative AMD were enrolled into this retrospective study, 19 were men and 25 were women. The mean age was 78 years (range 64–92 years). All patients were underwent best corrected visual acuity (BCVA, Early Treatment of Diabetic Retinopathy Study), fundus color photography, fundus fluorescein angiography (FFA), indocyanine green angiography (ICGA) and optical coherence tomography (OCT). The mean BCVA was (50.36±14.43) letters, the mean central foveal thickness (CFT) was (291.95± 82.19)μm, and the fluorescence leakage area of choroidal neovascularization (CNV) was (7.61±5.84) mm2. All patients received three initial intravitreous injection of ranibizumb (IVR) and were retreated with monthly IVR when needed. The mean follow up time was 25.6 months (range 24–29 months). On 1, 2, 3, 6, 12, 18 and 24 months after treatment, BCVA and OCT were repeated. On 3, 6, 12, 18 and 24 months after treatment, FFA and ICGA were repeated. The change of BCVA, CFT and fluorescence leakage area of CNV were observed. The association of baseline characteristics and two year visual outcomes were analyzed. Results On 1, 2, 3, 6, 12, 18 and 24 months after treatment, the BCVA were improved significantly (t=?1.89,?3.51,?4.61,?4.04,?5.77,?4.69;P<0.05), the CFT were decreased significantly (t=1.51, 2.30, 3.40, 3.28, 3.54, 3.88, 3.73;P<0.05). On 3, 6, 12, 18 and 24 months after treatment, the fluorescence leakage area of CNV were reduced significantly (t=2.12, 2.90, 3.51, 4.12, 4.06;P<0.05). The lower baseline BCVA, the more improved after treatment. The BCVA improvement degree has a negative relationship with baseline BCVA and fluorescence leakage area of CNV (r=0.505,?0.550;P<0.05), but no correlation with baseline CFT (r=0.210, P>0.05). Conclusion Two year visual outcomes of exudative AMD patients treated with ranibizumb is negative correlated with baseline BCVA and fluorescence leakage area of CNV, but not correlated with baseline CFT.

Objective To evaluate the efficacy of intravitreal injections of conbercept in choroidal neovascularization (CNV) secondary to pathologic myopia (PM).Methods A retrospective case series of 37 eyes of 37 patients affected with CNV secondary to PM treated by intravitreal injections of Conbercept.All the patients were examined with best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) of Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study (ETDRS) chart,central macular thickness (CMT) of optical coherence tomography (OCT) at baseline.The initial average letters of ETDRS BCVA was 49.86±8.87,CMT was (306.38±31.01) μm.All eyes were treated with intravitreal Conbercept 0.05 ml (10 mg/ml).Follow up visits were performed monthly after injection.The mean follow-up time was 16.8 months.Injections were repeated according to the situation of BCVA,CMT,subretinal fluid and CNV leakage in follow-up.All eyes received an average of 4.8 injections.BCVA,CMT and ophthalmoscope examination were assessed monthly.The relationship of BCVA improvement and CMT reduction with the data at baseline and number of treatments were analyzed by Spearman Rho correlation respectively.Results During the 1,3,6 and 12 months after treatment,the mean BCVA were all improved with statistically significant difference (t=17.629,P＜0.01).At 12 months,15 eyes (45.9％) had improvement of 15 letters or more,32 eyes (86.5％) had improvement of 5 letters or more,and 1 eye (2.7％) had decreased more than 5 letters.During the 1,3,6 and 12 months after treatment,the mean CMT were all decreased with statistically significant difference (F=43.726,P＜0.01).At 12 months,the retinal fluid of 34 eyes (91.9％) were absorbed completely;33 eyes (89.2％) had angiographic closure at that time.There was no significant relevance between BCVA improvement and sex,age and course of the disease (P＞0.05),but a significant negative correlation was found between the BCVA improvement and BCVA at baseline,injection times (P＜0.05).There was no significant relevance between CMT reduction and sex,age,course of the disease and injection times (P＞0.05),but a significant positive correlation was found between CMT reduction and CMT at baseline (P＜0.05).There were no systemic or ocular serious side effects during the follow up.Conclusions Intravitreal injections of Conbercept showed BCVA improvement and CMT reduction.It appeared to be effective and safe for choroidal neovascularization secondary to pathologic myopia.Intravitreal Conbercept for CNV secondary to PM showed BCVA improvement,CMT reduction and safety.

Objective To investigate the correction effect and influence of orthokeratology lens and aspheric spectacles on adolescent myopia.Methods A total of 124 cases of juvenile myopia in our hospital from January 2012 to January 2013 was divided into experimental and control groups according to the principle of random.Patients in both groups were followed for a period of 2 years,patient's vision,binocular refraction,and eye axis length were recorded.Results Unaided visual acuity of patients in the experimental group was increased significantly,the trend was clear with statistical significance (P ＜ 0.05).For the control group of patients,visual acuity was significantly decreased after 2 years (P ＜ 0.05).For the experimental group,patients'diopters were decreased from (4.29 ± 1.23)D to (4.23 ± 0.04)D after wearing glasses.The difference was statistically significant (P ＜ 0.05).For the control group,patients' diopters were increased from (4.22 ± 1.19)D to (5.68 ± 1.13)D after wearing glasses.The difference was statistically significant (P ＜ 0.05).The difference between two groups at the same time was statistically significant (P ＜ 0.05).In the experiment group,for patients wearing glasses,their axis lengths were (24.7 ±0.19)mm after six months.After 1 year,their axis lengths were (24.5 ±0.16) mm,and after 2 years,their axis lengths were (24.3 ± 0.20) mm.Compared to non-wearing glasses before,the difference was not statistically significant (P ＞ 0.05).In the experiment group,for patients wearing glasses,their axis lengths were (24.7 ±0.19)mm after six months.After 1 year,their axis lengths were (24.5 ±0.16)mm,and after 2 years,their axis lengths were (24.3 ± 0.20) mm.Compared to non-wearing glasses before,which was (24.3 ± 0.21) mm,the difference was not statistically significant (P ＞ 0.05).In the control group,for patients wearing glasses,their axis lengths were (24.8 ± 0.20) mm after six months.After 1 year,their axis lengths were (24.9 ±0.17) mm,and after 2 years,their axis lengths were (25.7 ±0.15) mm.Compared to non-wearing glasses before,which was (24.5 ± 0.18)mm,the difference was statistically significant (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions Orthokeratology lenses can reduce myopia in adolescent patients,reduce the degree of anisometropia,and prevent the increase of the axial length.It can achieve the purpose of myopia control.

Objective This research approaches the methods of intensifying the medical clinical skills training to develop students’medical abilities in clinical practice.Methods We chose 129 seven-year medical students.They were devided into two groups in random.The con-trol group entered the clinical practice directly,while the experimental group accepted the clini-cal skill training before they entered the clinical practice.Results The examination record and qualification number of experimental group were higher than the control group obviously.After the clinical skill training,the examination record became higher than before.Conclusion The experiment shows that receiving clinical skill training before entering clinical practice is the ef-fective method of elevating medical students’clinical abilities and practical skill level.

Mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs), which can be introduced in brain tissue by the strategies of brain parenchyma, blood and neurolymph transplantation, to repair tissue injury and promote functional recovery of neural system, have been considered as the ideal seed cells for the treatment of central nervous system diseases. However, as the special structure exists in the blood-brain barrier, study on correlation between MSCs and blood-brain barrier permeability will make it possible for more MSCs to pass the barrier to perform the treatment. This paper gives a review on the latest research development in the field.

Objective To describe the salt consumption of residents in China, and provide basic information to develope intervention strategies. Method The data of 2002 China National Nutrition and Health Survey was used for this analysis. Results The amount of salt consumption of Chinese population was 10.7g per day. The daily salt intake was 11.1g for rural residents, which higher than that (9.7g) of their urban counterparts. 81.6% of the subjects consumed salt more than 6g per day, thereinto, 83.8% of the rural residents consumed more than 6g per day, while so did 76.8% of urban residents. The main resource of salt was from table salt (82.8%), and then followed by soybean sauce (10.0%). Conclusion The salt consumption of Chinese residents is higher than the recommendation by Chinese Nutrition Society. It is very important to strengthen the health education about diet so as to prevent and control hypertension and other chronic disease.

Objective To investigate the anti-migratory and anti-invasive effect of somatostatin receptor type 2(SSTR2) gene transfection mediated by adenovirus in human pancreatic carcinoma cell and the mechanisms involved in this effect.Methods The full length human SSTR2 cDNA was introduced into pancreatic cancer cell line BXPC-3 by adenovirus-mediated transfection,and stable expression of RNA and protein of SSTR2 were detected by RT-PCR and Westen-blot.The Matrigel coated Transwell was used to detect the migratory and invasive ability of SSTR2expressing cells,Adv-GFP control cells and mock control cells.Furthermore,the expressions of matrix metalloproteinase-2(MMP-2) and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-2(TIMP-2) were detected by RT-PCR method in these cells.Results The stable expression of SSTR2 was detected in BXPC-3 cells transfected by Adv-GFP-SSTR2.A dramatic decrease of BXPC-3 expressing SSTR2 cell(migrated) through a Matrigel-coated filter was observed,as compared with Adv-GFP control cells and mock control cells(P

Objective To explore the expression and clinical significance of EphA2 and E-cadherin in (pancreatic) cancer tissue and cells.Methods The expression of EphA2 and E-cadherin in 56 pancreatic(carcinomas) and 23 adjacent noncancer tissues were studied by immunohistochemistry,and their relationship to clinicopathological characteristics were analyzed.RT-PCR was performed to explore the expression of EphA2,BXPC-3,PC-3 and PANC-1 in pancreatic carcinoma cell lines.Results In pancreatic carcinomas tissuse showed increased EphA2 expression and reduced E-cad expression which compared with adjacent noncancer tissues.The expression level of EphA2 had a significant positive relationship with tumor differentiation degree,lymphatic metastasis and clinical stage.However,the expression level of E-cadherin had negative relationship with both the tumor clinical stage and lymphatic invasion.Furthermore,a significant negative relationship(between) the expression of EphA2 and E-cadherin was observed.The expressions of EphA2 were higher in high-invasive cell lines PXPC-3 and Panc-1 than in low-invasive cell line PC-3.Conclusions The(expression) and/or abnormal function of EphA2 and E-cadherin may together be involved in the development and progression of pancreatic cancer;the combined measurement of these two proteins may be useful for(determination) of metastatic potency of pancreatic carcinoma.

Objective To observe the effect of antisense hypoxia inducible factor-1?(HIF-1?) on (chemosensitivity) of human pancreatic cancer cell line BxPC-3 under hypoxia. Methods BxPC-3 cells were divided into 3 groups:(1)BxPC-3 cells were non-transfected with antisense HIF-1? plasmid and exposed to 0.5% O_2 for 4hr(hypoxia control);(2)normoxic BxPC-3 cells were non-transfected with antisense(HIF-1?) plasmid(normoxia control);(3)BxPC-3 cells were transfected with antisense HIF-1? plasmid and exposed to 0.5% O_2 for 4hr(experimental group).Expression of HIF-1? and survivin was detected by RT-PCR and Western Blot.Growth inhibition rates and apoptosis rates of BxPC-3 cells under different(dosages) of chemotherapeutic agents(5-fluorouracil,doxorubicin and gemcitabine) were measured by MTT(colorimetric) assay and flow cytometry (FCM).Results Expression of HIF-1? was obviously down-regulated and at the same time susvivin expression was markedly down-regulated in experimental group(P