The potential advantage of Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM) theories of disease prevention,especial the thinking mode of "health preservation from both physique and spirit "has been generally recognized and widely understood by international society increasingly.In TCM,methods of disease prevention are various and the "health preservation from both physique and spirit" is praised the highest.This article demonstrates the theory that preserving the spirit firstly and then combining with physique,also the methods of keeping an undisturbed spirit and protecting the physique from any harm,for the purpose to make new contribution to the mankind’s health-care industry.

Objective To explore the hemodynamic changes in the brains of newborns with intracranial hemorrhage.Methods Totally,61 newborns,born in Anyang Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Henan Province,with intracranial hemorrhage diagnosed by ultrasound in early neonatal period,and 50 healthy newborns,also born in the same hospital from December 1,2010 to June30,2012,were selected.Intracranial hemorrhage newborns were graded according to the severity of hemorrhage and divided into mild (n=45) and severe groups (n =7).The peak systolic flow velocity (Vs),end diastolic velocity (Vd),mean flow velocity (Vm) and resistance index (RI) in the middle cerebral artery (MCA) and anterior cerebral artery (ACA) of brain were measured by Doppler ultrasound.Ttest was applied for statistical analysis.Results Among the 61 neonates with intracranialhemorrhage,12(19.7％) were grade Ⅰ,42(68.9％) were grade Ⅱ,6(9.8％) were grade Ⅲ,and one (1.6％) was grade Ⅳ.The Vs,Vm and Vd of MCA and ACA in the mild and severe intracranial hemorrhage group were significantly lower than those in the control group,the differences were statistically significant [MCA:(55.1±9.1) cm/s,(53.0±6.5) cm/s vs (60.1± 10.3) cm/s;(34.2±6.1) cm/s,(32.5±5.2) cm/s vs (38.2±6.9) cm/s; (17.1±4.8) cm/s,(15.3± 4.0) cm/svs (20.2±5.3) cm/s.ACA:(41.3±11.7) cm/s,(39.4±9.2) cm/s vs (45.3±9.8) cm/s;(25.2±5.8) cm/s,(23.3±4.9) cm/s vs (28.1±5.9) cm/s;(15.0±3.9) cm/s,(13.2±3.1) cm/s vs (15.9±3.8) cm/s,all P＜0.05].But the RI values were significantly higher in the control group,the differences were statistically significant (MCA:0.70 ± 0.10,0.77 ± 0.07 vs 0.62 ± 0.10 ; ACA:0.67±0.06,0.73±0.08 vs 0.61±0.05;all P＜0.05).TheVs,Vm and Vd of MCA and ACA in the severe intracranial hemorrhage group were significantly lower than in the mild hemorrhage group,while the RI values were significantly higher,and the differences were statistically significant (all P＜0.05).Conclusions Newborns with intracranial hemorrhage have significant hemodynamic changes in the brain and more prominent changes could be found in those with severe intracranial hemorrhage.

Objective To explore the effective disinfection and management measures of standby aspirators. Methods Randomly sampled 17 standby aspirators in our hospital and examined whether their liquid storage bottles and covers were contaminated by pathogens.According to the situation,we developed appropriate measures to intervene.4 months after intervention,we sampled 17 standby aspirators which were tested again. Results 82.4% liquid storage bottles and 88.2% covers were contaminated. While the contamination rate after intervention was zero.The pathogens found were mainly Pseudomonas Aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumoniae and other opportunistic pathogens.Conclusions To strengthen the disinfection management of standby aspirators can control the contamination of standby aspirators.

Objective The aim of this study is to examine the effect of myoophenolate mofetil (MMF) on epithelial-myofibroblast transiation(EMT) in adenine-induced chronic renal failure (CRF) rat model and the role of vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF) and inhibitor of differentiation (Id2 and Id3) in EMT in the rat kidney. Methods Sixty-four male Wistar rats were randomly assigned to the following groups: normal control (n=16), CRF (n=24) and MMF(n=24). CRF was induced by gastric gavage of adenine (125 mg·kg-1·d-1) to rats for eight weeks. CRF rats were treated with MMF (15 mg·kg-1·d-1) as "MMF" group. The rats were sacrificed at week 2, 4, 6 and 8, respectively.Urinary protein and serum ereatinine levels were measured, and the histopathologic degrees of interstitial fibrosis were evaluated in Massen-stained sections. Expressions of a-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA),transforming growth factor β1 (TGFβ1), VEGF and Id (Id2 and Id3) in the kidney tissue were assessed by immunohistochemistry, RT-PCR and/or Western blot methods. Results The urinary protein level in MMF group was evidently lower than that in CRF group (P<0.01), whereas no statistically significant difference was observed in serum creatinine level between the two groups. Renal interstitial fibrosis was reduced significantly with MMF treatment (P<0.01). Expression of α-SMA in MMF group was lower than that in CRF rats at week 6, 8 (P<0.01), while expression of TGFβ1 was decreased markedly at week 2, 4,6 (P<0.01). The expressions of VEGF in MMF rats were increased significantly at week 6,8 (P<0.01),and Id2,Id3 in MMF rats were increased significantly at week 4,6 (P<0.05). Conclusions MMF may ameliorate chronic renal fibrosis and EMT in adenine-induced CRF rats. This effect of MMF on EMT is probably related to upregulation of VEGF, Id2 and Id3 expressions and suppressing overexpression of TGFβ1 in renal tissue. The exact mechanism needs to be studied further.

Epidemiologic studies suggest that intake of excess all-trans-retinoic acid (RA) during embryogenesis induces various developmental defects and the central nervous system (CNS) represents a major site of the teratogenic action of RA. It is therefore important to understand which parameters are affected early by excessive RA in order to devise and improve protective nutritional strategies. The modulations of beta-catenin and caspase-3 levels were investigated in the KM mouse embryo following maternal treatment with a single oral dose of 30mg/kg body weight of RA during the neurula period. In addition, retinoic receptors (RARs) are key transcription factors regulating gene expression in response to RA-activated signals. So the experiment was designed to evaluate whether the alterations in protein expression of RAR alpha and beta during the time of neural tube closure were induced by excessive RA. Maternal intake of excess RA induced early downregulation of RAR alpha and beta, beta-catenin and caspase-3 expression, which was followed by an increase in their expressive levels in the neural tube tissue of mouse embryos. This finding suggests that the alterations in the expression profile of RAR alpha and beta, beta-catenin and caspase-3 may be implicated in the teratogenesis induced by excess RA in KM mouse embryo.

BACKGROUND: It is of great significance to understand the effects of different components of blood pressure on the occurrence of cerebrovascular diseases and administer proper decompression treatments in various situations.OBJECTIVE: To study the relationship of increased pulse pressure with the occurrence and severity degree of cerebral infarction by analyzing the data of pulse pressure recorded in hospitalized patients with acute cerebral infarction.DESIGN: Case-control analysis.SETTING: First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University.PARTICIPANTS: A total of 300 patients hospitalized at the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University between June 2002 and January 2003 for ischemic cerebral infarction were enrolled, including 196males and 104 females aged (57.9±11.9) years. Another 199 persons who came to the same hospital for physical examination at the same period were set as normal group, including 110 males and 89 females aged (55.9±12.4)years.METHODS: ① Measurement of blood pressure: Systolic pressure and diastolic pressure of each person were recorded with mercury sphygmomanometer at the site of brachial artery of the right upper extremity and pulse pressure was calculated. ② Evaluation of neurological impairment:Upon hospital admission, each patient with ischemic cerebral infarction was evaluated with the stroke scale made by the National Institute of Health (NIHSS), in which a higher score means more severe infarction.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: ① Comparison of blood pressure parameters of subjects in the two groups. ② Distribution of different pulse pressure levels in the two groups. ③ Comparison of pulse pressure of subjects of different age in the two groups. ④ Results of non-parameters tests of neural function loss in cerebral infarction patients with different pulse pressure levels.RESULTS: ① Mean systolic pressure: It was significantly higher in the case group than in control group [(152±22), (133±19) mm Hg, t' =10.494,P ＜ 0.01]. Mean diastolic pressure: It was higher in the case group than in control group [(93±14), (81±11) mm Hg, t' = 10.129, P ＜ 0.01]. Meanpulse pressure: It was higher in the case group than in control group [(59.61±11.86), (51.93±14.10) mm Hg, t' =5.612, P ＜ 0.05]. Pairwise corre lation analysis showed that Pearson correlation coefficient between pulse pressure and systolic pressure was 0.789 (P ＜ 0.01); Pearson correlation.coefficient between pulse pressure and diastolic pressure was 0.169 (P ＜ 0.01). Therefore, there was a close correlation between pulse pressure and systolic pressure. ② Pulse pressure was distributed between 60 mm Hg and 69 mm Hg in most subjects in the case group, which accounted for 27.7%.It was 40-49 mm Hg in control group, which accounted for 35.7%. It indicated that the incidence rate was high when the pulse pressure was over 60 mm Hg in cerebral infarction. ③ Pulse pressure increased with age.The level of pulse pressure in 40-69 years case group was higher than that in 40-69 control group [(54±16), (45±9)mm Hg, t=4.86, P=0.000]. ④ Patients with cerebral infarction of different levels of pulse pressure were given non-parameter tests of neurological impairment evaluation. The resuits of Kruskal-Wallis test were χ2=4.779, P=0.572 ＞ 0.05; results of median test were as x2=8.365, P=0.213 ＞ 0.05. The results of the two non-parameter tests suggested that there was no significant differences in hospitalization evaluation, that is, although the pulse pressure increased obviously in cerebral infarction, the degree of increase had no correlation with the severity of neurological impairment.CONCLUSION: The increase of pulse pressure is related to the occurrence of cerebral infarction and is also an important factor for evaluating cerebral infarction. However, pulse pressure change is not related to the severity of cerebral infarction.

BACKGROUND: Medical order-obeying behavior(MOOB) in patients with essential hypertension(EH) cau directly affect the progression and prognosis of the disease. What factors, in turn, affect MOOB?OBJECTIVE:To analyze factors affecting MOOB in EH patients.DESIGN: Cross-sectional study.SETTING: Foreign Guests Ward of Qindu Stomatological Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University of Chinese PLA.PARTICIPANTS: A total of 205 patients with EH were admitted into the Foreign Guests Ward of Qindu Stomatological Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University of Chinese PLA from January 1998 to August 2000. Inclusion criteria: In accordance with WHO diagnostic criteria for hypertension. Exclusion criteria: Diabetes and other cardiovascular diseases. Altogether 164 patients with the mean age of (51 ± 5) years, 122 men and 42 women , accorded to the inclusion criteria.METHODS: The 164 patients were investigated with the self-designed questionnaire concerning MOOB in EH patients; patients' sex, educational level, family economic conditions, disease duration and other factors affecting MOOB were observed.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:Factors related to the patients' MOOB.RESULTS:53.0% (87/164) patients followed the medical orders and persisted in exercise therapy, 58.5 % ( 96 / 164 ) patients followed reasonable diet, 51.6% (32/164)patients quitted smoking and alcohol drinking, 82. 3% (135/164) received regular recheck-up, 64.6% (106/164) followed the medicinal treatment prescribed. Sex did not influence MOOB significantly. The rate of medical-order disobedience was higher in illiterate people and those with education below junior middle school level, but lower in those with education above senior middle school level(x2 =7.25, P < 0.01) . The disobedience rate was lower in patients with the mean income of > 500 yuan/month than in those with < 500 yuan/month(x2 = 39.4, P < 0.01),and was also lower in patients with disease duration < 1 year than those with disease duration > 1 year (x2 =5.66, P < 0.05).CONCLUSION; Medical order-obeying behavior in EH patients is poor, and it is significantly influenced by patients' educational level, family economic conditions and disease duration.

Medium-chain triglycerides(MCT) is one kind of saturated fat,which not only has the same characteristics to the long-chain triglycerides(LCT),but also has its special features.This article reviews the metabolism of MCT,its metabolic influences on the energy and other nutrients,and the progress in clinical use in recent ten years.

To investigate the effect of casein phosphopeptide-amorphic calcium phosphate(CPP-ACP) on the growth of Lactobacillus fermentum and to evaluate the possibility of CPP-ACP as a biological anticariogenic agent. Lactobacillus fermentum was inoculated in BHI with different concentrations of CPP-ACP and grew in anaerobic condition at 37 ℃ for 48 h. Used MTT method to evaluate the effects of CPP-ACP on the growth of Lactobacillus fermentum. CPP-ACP inhibited the growth of Lactobacillus fermentum effectively. With the concentration of CPP-ACP increasing, the values of A(550 nm) decreased. It was found that CPP-ACP had inhibitory effect on the growth of Lactobacillus fermentum, the inhibitory effect increased with CPP-ACP concentration.